Butyronitrile

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Butyronitrile[1]
Structural formula of butyronitrile
Ball-and-stick model of the butyronitrile molecule
Names
IUPAC name
Butanenitrile[3]
Other names
  • 1-Cyanopropane[2]
  • Propyl cyanide[2]
  • n-Butyronitrile[2]
Identifiers
109-74-0 YesY
1361452
ChEBI CHEBI:51937 N
ChemSpider 7717 N
EC Number 203-700-6
Jmol 3D model Interactive image
MeSH N-butyronitrile
PubChem 8008
RTECS number ET8750000
UN number 2411
  • InChI=1S/C4H7N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-3H2,1H3 N
    Key: KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N
  • CCCC#N
Properties
C4H7N
Molar mass 69.11 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless
Odor Sharp and suffocating[2]
Density 794 mg mL−1
Melting point −111.90 °C; −169.42 °F; 161.25 K
Boiling point 117 to 119 °C; 242 to 246 °F; 390 to 392 K
0.033 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in benzene
miscible in alcohol, ether, dimethylformamide
Vapor pressure 3.1 Pa
190 μmol Pa−1 kg−1
1.38385
3.5
Thermochemistry
134.2 J K−1 mol−1
−6.8–−4.8 kJ mol−1
−2.579 MJ mol−1
Vapor pressure {{{value}}}
Related compounds
Related alkanenitriles
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Butyronitrile or butanenitrile or propyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the formula C3H7CN. This colorless liquid is miscible with most polar organic solvents.

Uses

Butyronitrile is mainly used as a precursor to the poultry drug amprolium.[4]

Synthesis

Butyronitrile is prepared industrially by the ammoxidation of n-butanol:

C3H7CH2OH + NH3 + O2 → C3H7CN + 3 H2O

Occurrence in space

Butyronitrile has been detected in the Large Molecule Heimat.[5]

References

  1. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 1597
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named PGCH
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  4. Peter Pollak, Gérard Romeder, Ferdinand Hagedorn, Heinz-Peter Gelbke "Nitriles" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_363
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External links