CXCL5

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5
250px Solution structure of chemokine CXCL5. PDB entry 2mgs
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2MGS
Identifiers
Symbols	CXCL5 ; ENA-78; SCYB5
External IDs	OMIM: 600324 HomoloGene: 88672 GeneCards: CXCL5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • chemokine activity • CXCR chemokine receptor binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space Biological process • positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis • chemotaxis • inflammatory response • immune response • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling • positive regulation of cell proliferation • response to lipopolysaccharide • cell chemotaxis • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE CXCL5 214974 x at tn.png
File:PBB GE CXCL5 215101 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6374	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000163735	n/a
UniProt	P42830	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002994	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002985	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 74 – 74 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[1]	n/a

C-X-C motif chemokine 5 or ENA-78 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL5 gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene, CXCL5 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78). It is produced following stimulation of cells with the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Expression of CXCL5 has also been observed in eosinophils, and can be inhibited with the type II interferon IFN-γ. This chemokine stimulates the chemotaxis of neutrophils possessing angiogenic properties. It elicits these effects by interacting with the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR2. The gene for CXCL5 is encoded on four exons and is located on human chromosome 4 amongst several other CXC chemokine genes. CXCL5 has been implicated in connective tissue remodelling. CXCL5 has been also described to regulate neutrophil homeostasis.

Clinical significance

CXCL5 plays a role in reducing sensitivity to sunburn pain in some subjects, and is a "potential target which can be utilized to understand more about pain in other inflammatory conditions like arthritis and cystitis.". CXCL5 is well known to have chemotactic and activating functions on neutrophil, mainly during acute inflammatory responses. However CXCL5 expression is also higher in atherosclerosis (a chronic inflammatory condition) but is not associated with neutrophil infiltration. Instead CXCL5 has a protective role in atherosclerosis by directly controlling macrophage foam cell formation.