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California State Route 47

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"CA 47" redirects here. For the congressional district, see California's 47th congressional district.

State Route 47 marker

State Route 47
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Route information
Defined by Streets and Highways Code § 347
Maintained by Caltrans and local gov'ts
Length: 3.078 mi[1] (4.954 km)
(two sections, separated by about 1 mi (2 km), with about 7 mi (11 km) of local street north of SR 103)
History: State highway, 1949-1959; SR 47 in 1964
Major junctions
South end: I-110 in San Pedro
  I-710 on Terminal Island
SR 103 in Los Angeles
I-405 in Carson
North end: SR 91 in Compton
Highway system
← SR 46 SR 49 →

State Route 47 (SR 47) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, connecting Terminal Island to the mainland in the Los Angeles area. From its south end at I-110 in San Pedro, it heads east across the Vincent Thomas Bridge to the island and the end of state maintenance. The state highway begins again at the junction with I-710 on Terminal Island, crossing the Schuyler Heim Bridge north to the mainland and the second terminus, where SR 103 begins. Signage continues along a locally maintained route, mainly Alameda Street, to the Gardena Freeway (SR 91) in Compton, and an unconstructed alignment follows the same corridor to the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) near downtown Los Angeles.

The entire route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and both constructed segments are freeways, officially known as parts of the Seaside Freeway[citation needed] (which continues to SR 1 via I-710[2]) and Terminal Island Freeway (which continues to SR 1 via SR 103).[3] However, there are several at-grade intersections along the gap on Terminal Island, and Alameda Street is a surface roadway, albeit one with few intersections, as it runs alongside the Alameda Corridor rail line.

Route description

State Route 47 begins at the south end of the Harbor Freeway (I-110) in the Los Angeles neighborhood of San Pedro and heads east to the Vincent Thomas Bridge, with only one interchange - at Harbor Boulevard - before the 1963 suspension bridge over the main channel of Los Angeles Harbor. After coming back to ground level on Terminal Island, SR 47 becomes the locally-maintained Seaside Avenue at the interchange with Ferry Street, where there was a toll plaza until 2000. The freeway ends just beyond at Navy Way, after which the road enters Long Beach and becomes Ocean Boulevard, which was rebuilt as a freeway in 2007. However, SR 47 must exit the freeway onto its frontage roads, intersecting Henry Ford Avenue before turning north onto the Terminal Island Freeway. Ocean Boulevard leads east over the Gerald Desmond Bridge and becomes Interstate 710, with access to downtown Long Beach.[4]

State maintenance begins again on the Terminal Island Freeway, which is also signed as State Route 103.[5] After a partial interchange with New Dock Street, only allowing access to and from the north, SR 47 crosses the Cerritos Channel on the Schuyler Heim Bridge, a lift bridge opened in 1948. Just beyond the bridge, SR 47 leaves the freeway, which continues northeast as SR 103, onto Henry Ford Avenue, and state maintenance ends. The remainder of what is signed as SR 47,[5] along Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street to the Redondo Beach Freeway (SR 91), is locally maintained. Henry Ford Avenue quickly crosses the Dominguez Channel and Anaheim Street, and merges with Alameda Street, which continues southwest into Wilmington as a local street.

Alameda Street

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Main article: Alameda Street

The part of Alameda Street rebuilt during the Alameda Corridor project begins here, and the roadway passes under all cross streets - Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1), Sepulveda Boulevard, 223rd Street (at the San Diego Freeway/I-405 interchange), Carson Street, Del Amo Boulevard, and Artesia Boulevard (at the Redondo Beach Freeway/SR 91 interchange) - with two-way connector ramps. The one major at-grade intersection here is the split with Santa Fe Avenue north of Del Amo Boulevard, just south of the underpass where Alameda Street moves from the east to the west side of the rail line. (Before the corridor was built, the crossover was further south, at Dominguez Street, halfway between Carson Street and Del Amo Boulevard.)[4]

The Vincent Thomas Bridge

North of Artesia Boulevard, the rail line descends into the 10-mile (16 km) Mid-Corridor Trench, with two streets straddling it at ground level: Alameda Street to the west and a local frontage road to the east. All cross streets are thus grade-separated from the rail line while intersecting the streets at grade, except for Rosecrans Avenue, which bridges over all three. Crossings along this segment include the Century Freeway (I-105, no access), Imperial Highway, Firestone Boulevard (former SR 42), and Slauson Avenue. Just south of 25th Street, the rail line curves northeast out of the trench, and the two roadways join to become a single Alameda Street, which soon interchanges with the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10), at the north end of what is legislated as Route 47. The street continues north through the east side of downtown Los Angeles, crossing the Santa Ana Freeway (US 101) just west of Union Station, and ending soon after at Elmyra Street, where it becomes Spring Street.[4] In addition, it also passes the Little Tokyo/Arts District, Union, and Chinatown stations; all of which are served by the LACMTA Gold Line, and the Union Station is also served by the Red and Purple lines, as well as Metrolink and Amtrak.

History

The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors decided in mid-1916, at the urging of the Harbor Truck Highway Association (formed mid-1914),[6] to build a Harbor Truck Boulevard stretching about 10 miles (15 km) between Los Angeles and Compton, intended to be used by trucks to the Port of Los Angeles at San Pedro.[7] After that portion was completed, an extension to Wilmington was opened on February 2, 1924, resulting in a completely independent truck route to the port.[8] This roadway, which lay about halfway between Wilmington Avenue and Long Beach Boulevard, extended the existing Alameda Street, which ran along—to Slauson Avenue—and then west of the Southern Pacific Railroad's San Pedro Branch to Oris Street, the north limit of Compton.[9] The truck boulevard continued along the west side to Dominguez Street (lying between the SP's San Pedro Branch and Pacific Electric Railway's Dominguez Line beyond Dominguez Junction), and crossed there to the east side for the rest of the route to Anaheim Street in Wilmington. There trucks could turn east and south to Terminal Island via Henry Ford Avenue, or continue southwest through Wilmington to San Pedro. The highway soon came to be known as Alameda Street all the way to Wilmington.[10] It did not become a state highway; instead the state took over Figueroa Street (SR 11) to the west and Atlantic Avenue (SR 15) to the east.[11]

Plans for freeways in Los Angeles County evolved from a 1937 Automobile Club of Southern California plan,[12] which was modified by the city's Transportation Engineering Board (TEB) in 1939.[13] The former included a single freeway connecting Los Angeles to Long Beach, beginning at Pasadena and heading south-southwest to Lynwood, then paralleling Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. The TEB's plan shifted this route farther east to near the present Long Beach Freeway, while keeping the route near Long Beach Boulevard as a second freeway leaving the Ramona Parkway (San Bernardino Freeway) east of downtown and heading south near Alameda Street and Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. This second freeway came to be known as the Long Beach Parkway[14] or Alamitos Parkway, and connected in north Long Beach with a Terminal Island Freeway southwest to Terminal Island.[15] Because the Long Beach Naval Shipyard was located on the island, the U.S. Navy paid for the construction of the $14 million freeway from the island to Willow Street, including the $5.3 million Schuyler Heim Lift Bridge.[16] Construction began in early 1946,[17] and the completed link was dedicated on January 10, 1948,[18] replacing the older Henry Ford Bridge.

Early plans also included a north–south freeway on each side of the Los Angeles Central Business District, splitting at the merge of the Harbor Parkway (Harbor Freeway) and Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California, and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway (Pasadena Freeway) and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium.[13] Initially known as the East By-Pass and West By-Pass,[19] the latter later became part of the Harbor Parkway, while the former remained as a separate route roughly along Main Street.[15] The state legislature added the East By-Pass to the state highway system in 1947 as Route 222.[20] The Los Angeles City Planning Commission approved a revised master plan in mid-1955, based on various studied that had been made. A new Industrial Freeway replaced the Terminal Island Freeway and Alamitos Parkway between Terminal Island and downtown Los Angeles, where it then continued north along the former East By-Pass (which was not kept south of the Santa Monica Freeway) and the southern part of the Riverside Parkway to the interchange of the Glendale Freeway and Golden State Freeway (which had replaced the rest of the Riverside Parkway).[21][22] The Industrial Freeway south of the Santa Monica Freeway became Route 270 in 1959,[23] but the ex-Riverside Parkway piece north of the Arroyo Seco Parkway never became a state highway.[24]

In the 1964 renumbering, the Industrial Freeway became Route 47, and the former East By-Pass became Route 241.[25] The latter was deleted the next year, and the former was extended west from its south end on Terminal Island to San Pedro, replacing part of SR 7, which was truncated to SR 1 in Long Beach at the same time.[26] (I-710, which later replaced SR 7, has since been re-extended to SR 47 on Terminal Island.) This extension, which had been added to the state highway system in 1949 as part of Route 231,[27] included the 1963 Vincent Thomas Bridge.[28] Construction on the $5.8 million freeway link from that bridge west to the Harbor Freeway in San Pedro—officially the Seaside Freeway, but called an extension of the Harbor Freeway by the media—began in March 1968,[29] and it was dedicated on July 9, 1970.[30][31][32] The two parts of SR 47 were, and still are, connected by the Los Angeles-maintained Seaside Avenue and Long Beach-maintained Ocean Boulevard. (A freeway upgrade of the latter was completed in June 2007,[33] but traffic signals remain on the former and on the ramps connecting Ocean Boulevard with the Terminal Island Freeway.)

Early maps show that the Terminal Island Freeway was to extend north to the Long Beach Freeway (I-710) near the San Diego Freeway (I-405),[34][35] but the location for SR 47 adopted by the California Highway Commission on January 22, 1969 led northwest from the Terminal Island Freeway's end at Carson Street to I-405 near Alameda Street, and then paralleled that street into Los Angeles.[36][37] A 1982 state law specified that SR 47 shall use Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street between the Heim Bridge and the Redondo Beach Freeway (SR 91), rather than the adopted alignment to the east,[38] and in 1984 the legislature created State Route 103 to replace the former alignment on the Terminal Island Freeway between SR 47 and the Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1).[39] Due to the cancellation of the Industrial Freeway and planned port expansions, the Alameda Corridor project was created, including an improved rail line and a widening of Alameda Street from four to six lanes south of SR 91.[40][41] Alameda Street was rebuilt for the project, with grade separations at most major streets south of SR 91, and is now signed as part of SR 47 there, but remains mostly four lanes. As part of a project to replace the Heim Bridge, Caltrans and the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority plan to improve the connection near the south end of Alameda Street, possibly by building a new expressway replacement for SR 47 south of SR 1, or by extending SR 103 northwest via the originally-planned alignment to Alameda Street south of I-405.[42]

Major intersections

Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see the list of postmile definitions).[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The entire route is in Los Angeles County.

Location Postmile
[1][43][44]		 Exit
[45]		 Destinations Notes
Los Angeles R0.00 - Summerland Avenue Southbound exit only.
R0.00 1A Gaffey Street (SR 110 south) – San Pedro Southbound exit and northbound entrance; south end of SR 47
R0.00 1B I-110 north (Harbor Freeway) – Los Angeles Southbound exit and northbound entrance; I-110 south exit 1A
R0.43
0.72		 1C Harbor Boulevard – San Pedro Signed as exit 1A northbound
0.86 Vincent Thomas Bridge over Los Angeles Harbor
2.30 1B Ferry Street No exit number southbound
  North end of freeway and state maintenance
  Navy Way – Berths 301-305, Berths 401-406
Long Beach   Pier S Avenue to Henry Ford Avenue, New Dock Street – Pier S
3.50 To I-710 north / Berth T136 Gate 2 – Piers B-J and T, Downtown Long Beach Interchange
  South end of freeway and state maintenance
3.58 4 New Dock Street Southbound exit and northbound entrance
Long Beach–
Los Angeles line		 3.88 Schuyler Heim Bridge over Cerritos Channel
Los Angeles 4.57 SR 103 north (Terminal Island Freeway) / Willow Street Northbound left exit and southbound left entrance
  North end of freeway and state maintenance
  Anchorage Road, Henry Ford Avenue, Pier A Way
  Anaheim Street
  Alameda Street
  SR 1 (Pacific Coast Highway) Interchange
Carson   Sepulveda Boulevard Interchange
  223rd Street Interchange
  I-405 north (San Diego Freeway) – Santa Monica Interchange; former SR 7; I-405 exit 33A
  Carson Street Interchange
  Del Amo Boulevard Interchange
​   Santa Fe Avenue
Compton   SR 91 east (Gardena Freeway) – Long Beach Interchange; SR 91 east exit 10B, west exit 10
  SR 91 west (Gardena Freeway) / Artesia Boulevard – Redondo Beach Interchange; north end of SR 47; SR 91 east exit 10B, west exit 10
  Alameda Street Continuation beyond SR 91
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "That the California Highway Commission is requested to declare the added portion of Route 167 which will connect the Harbor Freeway and the Long Beach Freeway to be a freeway, to be known as the Seaside Freeway..."
  3. ↑ California Department of Transportation, Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California, 2006
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Google Maps street maps and USGS topographic maps, accessed January 2008 via ACME Mapper and TopoZone
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Photographs of SR 47 northbound, taken May 30, 2004, from California @ AARoads - California 47
  6. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Truck Highway Association is Formed, July 4, 1917, p. II7
  7. ↑ American Road Builders' Association, Good Roads, Harbor Truck Boulevard to be Built by Los Angeles County, California, June 24, 1916
  8. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Truck Boulevard Opened, February 5, 1924, p. A1
  9. ↑ United States Geological Survey, Pasadena (1900) and Downey (1902), scale 1:62500
  10. ↑ United States Geological Survey, Los Angeles (1928), Watts (1924 and 1937), Compton (1924 and 1930), and Wilmington (1925), scale 1:24000
  11. ↑ Division of Highways, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1944
  12. ↑ Automobile Club of Southern California, map from Traffic Survey, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, 1937, reproduced in Janet L. Abu-Lughod, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities, 1999, p. 256
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Transportation Engineering Board, map from A Transit Program for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 1939, reproduced in Gerrylynn K. Roberts, Philip Steadman, American Cities and Technology: Wilderness to Wired City, 1999, p. 79
  14. ↑ Long Beach Independent, City Served by Three Freeways Urged for Postwar Period by Planning Group, July 9, 1943
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Los Angeles County Regional Planning District, Master Plan of Metropolitan Los Angeles Freeways, adopted August 6, 1947
  16. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Bridge Project Reinstated by Navy, December 18, 1945, p. A1
  17. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Terminal Island Bridge Under Way, January 28, 1946, p. 3
  18. ↑ Los Angeles Times, High Lift Bridge Dedicated at Terminal Island, January 11, 1948, p. 14
  19. ↑ Andrew Hamilton, New York Times, Los Angeles Roads Plan, February 25, 1940, p. 128
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "Route 222 is from Route 165 [I-110] near Adams Street to Route 205 [SR 110] near Elysian Park in Los Angeles"
  21. ↑ Los Angeles City Planning Commission, Accomplishments, 1955, p. 6
  22. ↑ Metropolitan Transportation Engineering Board, Master Plan of Freeways and Expressways, adopted February 28, 1958
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "Route 270 is from Terminal Island to Route 173 [I-10]."
  24. ↑ Division of Highways, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1963
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "Route 47 is from Route 7 at Terminal Island to Route 10." "Route 241 is from Route 11 near Adams Street to Route 11 near Elysian Park in Los Angeles."
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "Route 7 is from Route 1 to Route 210 in Pasadena." "Route 47 is from Route 11 in San Pedro to Route 10 via the Vincent Thomas Bridge."
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.: "Route 231 is...from Route 165 [I-110] in San Pedro to Route 167 [I-710] in Long Beach, via the mainland portion of Long Beach Outer Harbor and Terminal Island..."
  28. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Vincent Thomas Bridge to Be Dedicated Saturday, September 27, 1963, p. C7
  29. ↑ Los Angeles Times, Governor to Speak at Bridge Link Ceremony, March 3, 1968, p. 1
  30. ↑ Lee Bastajian, Los Angeles Times, Vincent Thomas Bridge Link Scheduled to Open in July, May 31, 1970, p. CS1
  31. ↑ Long Beach Independent, Dedication Set on Freeway Link to Bridge, July 8, 1970
  32. ↑ Valley News (Van Nuys), Harbor Freeway Extension to Be Dedicated Today, July 9, 1970
  33. ↑ Port of Long Beach, Port Dedicates New $65-million Ocean Boulevard Roadway, June 25, 2007
  34. ↑ Rand McNally & Company, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1959
  35. ↑ Rand McNally Auto Road Atlas: United States, Canada, Mexico, 1963
  36. ↑ Long Beach Press-Telegram, August 5, 1969, p. 1
  37. ↑ Long Beach Press-Telegram, Public Notice of Route Location Approval by Bureau of Public Roads, June 1, 1970
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ George Stein, Los Angeles Times, Price of Progress: Expansion of Ports, Boon to Greater L.A., May Be Burden Along Alameda St., October 12, 1986, p. 1
  41. ↑ Sheryl Stolberg, Los Angeles Times, Harbor Plan Brings New Wilmington a Little Closer, December 25, 1988, p. 6
  42. ↑ Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority, Planning—SR-47 Port Access Expressway, accessed March 11, 2009
  43. ↑ California Department of Transportation, Log of Bridges on State Highways, July 2007
  44. ↑ California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2006
  45. ↑ California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, State Route 47 Freeway Interchanges, Retrieved on 2009-02-05.

External links

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