Camel racing
Camel racing is a popular sport in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain, Jordan, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Australia, and Mongolia. Professional camel racing, like horse racing, is an event for betting and tourist attraction. Camels can run at speeds up to 65 km/h (18 m/s; 40 mph) in short sprints and they can maintain a speed of 40 km/h (11 m/s; 25 mph) for an hour.[citation needed]
Camels are often controlled by child jockeys, but allegations of human rights abuses have led to nationwide bans on underage labor in the UAE and Qatar.
A major camel race is the Camel Cup held at Alice Springs which is the second biggest prize purse camel race in Australia. It is held annually and includes not only the camel races themselves, but also a collection of market stalls and other entertainment.
The biggest prize money camel race in Australia is "The Boulia desert Sands" with a A$25,000 prize purse in Queensland.
Child jockeys
Children are often favored as jockeys because of their light weight. It has been reported that thousands of children (some reported as young as 2 years old) are trafficked from countries such as Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Pakistan, and Sudan for use as jockeys for camel racing industry in Arab States of the Persian Gulf.[1] Estimates range of 5,000 – 40,000 child camel jockeys in the Persian Gulf region.[2][3]
Many child camel jockeys are seriously injured by falling off the camels.[4] The child jockeys live in camps (called "ousbah") near the racetracks and many are victims of abuse.[2] Hundreds of children have been rescued from camel farms in Oman, Qatar, and UAE and taken back to their original homes or kept in shelter homes.[5] Many however, are unable to identify their parents or home communities in South Asia or Sudan. Some countries have issued penalties for those who trafficked child camel jockeys and ordered the owners responsibilities for returning the children back to their home countries. However, they report that in many instances the children rescued were those who had been sold away by their own parents in exchange for money or a job abroad. If they were returned, the children would again be sold for the same purposes. Other children did not speak their native languages, or did not know how to live outside the camel farms.
A prominent activist for rehabilitation and recovery of the jockeys is Pakistani lawyer Ansar Burney. He has focused a portion of his work on eliminating the use of child jockeys.
Banning
The United Arab Emirates was the first to ban the use of children under 15 as jockeys in camel racing when Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan announced the ban on 29 July 2002.[6] In 2009 the UAE paid compensation to 879 former jockeys.[7] The UAE now issues penalties such as jail and banning for those found using children as jockeys. However, international observers have reported violations of this ban.[8]
In Qatar, the Emir of Qatar, Hamad Al Thani, banned child jockeys in 2005[9] and directed that, by 2007, all camel races would be directed by robotic jockeys.[10]
See also
References
- ↑ 2005 U.S. State Department Trafficking in Persons Report. State.gov. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Williamson, Lucy. (2005-02-04) South Asia | Child camel jockeys find hope. BBC News. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ↑ The Times | UK News, World News and Opinion. Timesonline.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ↑ Middle East | Help for Gulf child camel jockeys. BBC News (2004-12-02). Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ↑ Under-age camel jockeys get caring hand. gulfnews. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ↑ UAE enforces stringent steps to eradicate child jockeys (Wam), Khaleej Times, 24 May 2005
- ↑ Nelson, Dean. (2009-05-05) Former camel jockeys compensated by UAE. Telegraph. Retrieved 2012-01-27.
- ↑ Peachey, Paul. (2010-03-03) UAE defies ban on child camel jockeys – Middle East – World. The Independent. Retrieved 2012-01-27.
- ↑ Can robots ride camels? by Ian Sample, The Guardian, Thursday, 2005-04-14
- ↑ "Robots of Arabia" by Jim Lewis, Wired, Issue 13.11, November 2005.
