Chief of Staff of the French Army
The Chief of Staff of the French Army (French: Chef d'État-Major de l'Armée de Terre, CEMAT) is a direct subordinate of the Chief of the Defence Staff of the Armed Forces (Chef d'État-Major des Armées,C.E.M.A) and the professional head of the French Army. The current Chief of Staff of the French Army has been General Jean-Pierre Bosser since 1 September 2014. The CEMAT title has been in use since 1962; prior to that the position for the general in charge of France's land forces was referred to as Chef d'État-Major de l'Armée.[1] The modern form of a general staff for the French Army emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, with Louis Alexandre Berthier being Chief-of-Staff for the Grand État-Major Général (Army General Headquarters) of Napoleon's Grand Armée.
Contents
French Army Chiefs of Staff
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Chef d'État-Major de l'Armée
- 1874–1914
- Jean-Louis Borel (1874–1875)
- Henri Gresley (1875–1877)
- Marie-Joseph François de Miribel (1878–1879)
- Léopold Davout d'Auerstaedt (1879–1880)
- Omer Arsène André Blot (1880–1881)
- Achille Ernest Vuillemot (1882–1883)
- de Cools (1884–1885)
- Savin de Larclause (1886–1887)
- Haillot (1888–1890)
- Marie-Joseph François de Miribel (1891–1893)[2]
- Raoul Le Mouton de Boisdeffre (1894–1898)[2]
- Paul Marie Brault (1899–1901)[2]
- Jean Marie Pendezec (1901–1905)[2]
- Jean Jules Brun (1905–1909)[2]
- Édouard Laffon de Ladebat (1909–1911)[2]
- Auguste Dubail (1911)[2]
- Joseph Joffre (28 July 1911 – 2 August 1914)[3]
First World War
In times of war, the army chief of staff took charge of general headquarters (GQG: Grand Quartier Général). During the First World War, the leader of the French armies was variously referred to as supreme general (generalissimo) or commander-in-chief. In the closing years of the war, the establishment of the Supreme War Council in 1917 led to overall command being held by French general Ferdinand Foch, and by mid-1918 French army chief Pétain was subordinate to Foch. Although the war essentially ended with the armistice in November 1918, the war-time organisation persisted until 1920.
- Joseph Joffre (August 1914 – December 1916)[4]
- Robert Nivelle (December 1916 – May 1917)[4]
- Philippe Pétain (May 1917 – 1920)[4]
1918–1939 During the interwar period, command of the French Army was divided between the Vice President of the Superior War Council and the Chief of the Army Staff. Marshal Philippe Pétain was Vice President from 1920 to 1931, when he was replaced by General Weygand. After Weygand retired in 1935 he was succeeded by Maurice Gamelin who held the two positions simultaneously.
- Edmond Buat (1920–1923)[5]
- Marie-Eugène Debeney (1923–1930)
- Maxime Weygand (1930–1931)[6]
- Maurice Gamelin (1931 – September 1939)
Second World War On the outbreak of war the Chief of the Army Staff again became commander-in-chief.
- Maurice Gamelin (September 1939 – 18 March 1940)
- Maxime Weygand (18 March 1940 – June 1941)
- Emile Bethouart (1944)[7]
- Georges Revers (1946–1949)[8]
1945–1962
- Paul Henri Romuald Ely (1954)[9]
Chef d'État-Major de l'Armée de Terre
- Louis Le Puloch (18 July 1962 – 2 April 1965)[10]
- Emile Cantarel (3 April 1965 – 31 March 1971)[11]
- Alain de Boissieu (May 1971 – February 1975)[12]
- Jean Lagarde (1975 – 4 September 1980)[13]
- Jean Delaunay (4 September 1980 – 10 March 1983)[14]
- René Imbot (10 March 1983 – 1985)[14]
- Maurice Schmitt (1985–1987)[15]
- Gilbert Forray (1987–1991)[16]
- Amédée-Marc Monchal (1991–1996)[17]
- Philippe Mercier (1996–1999)
- Yves Crene (1999–2002)[18]
- Bernard Thorette (2 September 2002 – 15 July 2006)[19]
- Bruno Cuche (16 July 2006 – 1 July 2008)[20]
- Elrick Irastorza (2 July 2008 – 31 August 2011)[21]
- Bertrand Ract-Madoux (1 September 2011 – 31 August 2014)
- Jean-Pierre Bosser (1 September 2014 – present)
See also
- Chief of the Defence Staff of the Armed Forces (French: Chef d'État-Major des Armées, CEMA)
- Chief of Staff of the French Air Force (French: Chef d'État-Major de l'Armée de l'Air, CEMAA)
- Chief of Staff of the French Navy (French: Chef d'État-Major de la Marine, CEMM)
- Direction générale de la Gendarmerie Nationale (French: Direction Générale de la Gendarmerie nationale (DGGN))
- French Special Operations Command (French: Commandement des Opérations Spéciales (COS))
- Honneur et Fidélité
References
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