Cottbus
Cottbus | ||
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View over Cottbus
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Country | Germany | |
State | Brandenburg | |
District | Urban district | |
Government | ||
• Lord Mayor | Holger Kelch (CDU) | |
Area | ||
• Total | 164.28 km2 (63.43 sq mi) | |
Population (2013-12-31)[1] | ||
• Total | 99,595 | |
• Density | 610/km2 (1,600/sq mi) | |
Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | |
Postal codes | 03042-03055 | |
Dialling codes | 0355 | |
Vehicle registration | CB | |
Website | www.cottbus.de |
Cottbus (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔtbʊs] ( listen); Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz; Polish: Chociebuż; Czech: Chotěbuz) is a university city in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around 125 km (78 mi) southeast of Berlin, on the River Spree. Cottbus is a major railway junction with extensive sidings/depots.
Contents
Spelling
Until the beginning of the twentieth century the spelling of the city's name was contentious. In Berlin the spelling "Kottbus" was preferred, and it is still used in respect of the capital's Kottbusser Tor ("Cottbus Gate"), but locally the traditional spelling "Cottbus" (which defies standard German-language rules) was preferred, and this is now used in most circumstances. Because the official spelling used locally before the spelling reforms of 1996 had contravened even the standardized spelling rules already in place, the Standing Committee for Geographical Names stress their urgent recommendation that geographical names should respect the national spelling standards. In this context it is to be noted that to identify a citizen of the city either "Cottbuser" or "Cottbusser" may be used.
Names in different languages:
- Czech: Chotěbuz
- German: Cottbus
- Latin: Cotbusium
- Polish: Chociebuż
- Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz
- Upper Sorbian: Choćebuz
History
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March of Lusatia 965-1002
Duchy of Poland 1002-1025
Kingdom of Poland 1025-1032
March of Lusatia 1032-1367
Lands of the Bohemian Crown 1367-1445
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1445-1618
Brandenburg-Prussia 1618-1701
Kingdom of Prussia 1701-1807
Kingdom of Saxony 1807-1815
Kingdom of Prussia 1815-1871
German Empire 1871-1918
Weimar Republic 1918-1933
Nazi Germany 1933-1945
Allied-occupied Germany 1945-1949
German Democratic Republic 1949-1990
Federal Republic of Germany 1990-present
The settlement was established in the 10th century, when Sorbs erected a castle on a sandy island in the River Spree. The first recorded mention of the town's name was in 1156. In the 13th century German settlers came to the town and thereafter lived side-by-side with the Sorbs. In medieval times Cottbus was known for wool, and the town's drapery was exported all over the Brandenburg, Bohemia and Saxony. In 1445 Cottbus was acquired by the Margraviate of Brandenburg from Bohemia. In 1514 Jan Rak founded the Universitas Serborum, a Sorbian gymnasium, in the city. In 1701 the city became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was also ruled by Saxony between 1807 and 1813. In 1815 the surrounding districts of Upper and Lower Lusatia were ceded by the Kingdom of Saxony to Prussia. During World War II, Cottbus was taken by the Red Army on 22 April 1945.
From 1949 until German reunification in 1990, Cottbus was part of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).
Demographics
Culture and education
Cottbus is the cultural centre of the Lower Sorbian minority. Many signs in the town are bilingual, and there is a Lower Sorbian-medium Gymnasium, and Sorbian Quarter, but Sorbian is rarely spoken on the streets.
Next to Cottbus is the famous Branitz Park, created by Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau after 1845. Schloss Branitz (Branitz Castle) was rebuilt by Gottfried Semper in a late Baroque style between 1846 and 1852, and the gardens laid by Prince Hermann feature two pyramids. One of these, the Seepyramide, is in the middle of an artificial lake and serves as his mauseoleum.[2]
Cottbus is also home of the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) and the maths/science-oriented Max-Steenbeck-Gymnasium, which is named after the physicist Max Steenbeck.
Every year Cottbus is host to the East European Film Festival.
Cottbus has a football team called FC Energie Cottbus, which currently play in the 3. Liga. Their home matches are played at the city's Stadion der Freundschaft.
Power generation
There are several lignite-fired power stations in the area around Cottbus (Lausitz). The biggest stations are "Schwarze Pumpe" (1600 MW), "Boxberg" (1900 MW) and "Jänschwalde" (3000 MW).
International relations
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Twin towns – Sister cities
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See also
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Udo Lauer, Fürst Pücklers Traumpark, Ullstein Verlag, 1996, Berlin
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cottbus. |
- Cottbus travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official website (German) (English) (Polish) (Sorbian)
- Homepage of Brandenburg Technical University
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Articles with dead external links from April 2012
- Use dmy dates from September 2014
- Cities in Brandenburg
- Articles containing German-language text
- Articles containing Czech-language text
- Articles containing Latin-language text
- Articles containing Polish-language text
- Articles containing Lower Sorbian-language text
- Articles containing Upper Sorbian-language text
- Commons category link is defined as the pagename
- Articles with German-language external links
- Articles with Polish-language external links
- Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
- Cottbus
- Province of Brandenburg
- Localities in Lower Lusatia