Detroit–Superior Bridge

Detroit–Superior Bridge
File:Cleveland skyline from the Flats.jpg The Detroit–Superior Bridge from west bank of the Flats
Coordinates
Carries	US 6 / US 20 / US 42 / SR 3
Crosses	Cuyahoga River
Locale	Cleveland, Ohio
ID number	1800930
Characteristics
Design	Through arch bridge
Total length	3,112 foot (949 meter)
Height	196 feet (60 meters)
Longest span	189 m
Clearance below	96 feet (29 meters)
History
Construction begin	1914
Construction end	1917
Opened	1918
Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
The Detroit-Superior Bridge in 1978
Location	Over Cuyahoga River Valley, between Detroit Ave. and Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio
Coordinates
Area
Built	1917
Architect	Lea,A.B.; Lander,Frank R.
Architectural style	Double-deck bridge
NRHP Reference #	74001437
Added to NRHP	January 18, 1974

The Detroit–Superior Bridge (officially known as the Veterans Memorial Bridge) is a 3,112 foot (949 meter) long through arch bridge over the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland, Ohio. The bridge links Detroit Avenue on Cleveland's west side and Superior Avenue on Cleveland's east side, terminating west of Public Square. Construction by the King Bridge Company began in 1914 and completed in 1918, at a cost of $5.4 million. It was the first fixed high level bridge in Cleveland, and the third high level bridge above the Cuyahoga (the first was the Old Superior Viaduct and the second the Central Viaduct, also built by the King Company). At its completion, the bridge was the largest steel and concrete reinforced bridge in the world.

Specifications

File:Cleveland August 2015 24 (Detroit–Superior Bridge).jpg

The Detroit–Superior Bridge in in August 2015

The high level bridge starts on the east at the center line of West 9th Street and Superior, and extends across the Cuyahoga Valley to the junction of West 25th Street and Detroit Avenue. It is 3,112 feet (949 m) long. The total cost, including the land and a right of way, was $5,407,000, split as $1,687,200 was for land and $3,719,800 for the superstructure.

The bridge has 96 feet (29 m) of clearance above the river, and rises to 196 feet (60 m) above the river at the peak of the central span. The original construction included a main deck 75 feet (23 m) wide, with two 15 feet (4.6 m) sidewalks and a 45 feet (14 m) roadway. While the bridge's upper level is for road traffic, the lower level was intended for streetcars. It was built with four sets of these tracks, leaving room for two more, if needed.

The structure includes 12 concrete arches and one steel span. The steel span is 591 feet (180 m) long and crosses the Cuyahoga River. The steel span cost $646,747. About 2,123,300 cubic yards (1,623,400 m³) of concrete and 9,385,000 pounds (4,257,000 kg) of reinforcing steel were used in the construction of the arches. The concrete piles used in the foundation work, if placed end to end, would extend a distance of 28 miles (45 km). Each end of the structure has underground streetcar stations for the trams that operated on the lower deck.

Modifications

With the closure of the streetcar operations, the subway level became unused. In November 1955, ramps to the lower level were closed. The Detroit–Superior Bridge remained a bottleneck during rush hour. A two-year renovation completed in May 1969 added two traffic lanes by narrowing existing sidewalks from 15 to 5 feet and cantilevering the new lanes outside the central arch.

On November 11, 1989 (Veterans Day), the bridge was renamed the Veterans Memorial Bridge. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 18, 1974.

In 2003, Cuyahoga County Commissioners approved the conversion of the two outside traffic lanes for pedestrian and bicycle use. The lower level and subway station are opened to the public for tours a few times per year, typically around Memorial Day, Labor Day, and for the Cleveland Ingenuity Festival. Self-guided tours are free of charge.

See also

• Hope Memorial Bridge
• List of crossings of the Cuyahoga River

External links

• King Bridge Company
• Bridges of Cleveland
• Detroit–Superior Bridge at HLNEO
• Detroit–Superior High Level Bridge at Structurae