Disodium aurothiomalate

Disodium aurothiomalate

File:Authiomalate.png
Clinical data
Routes of administration	Intramuscular injection
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	0%
Excretion	Renal, very slow
Identifiers
CAS Number	12244-57-4 Y
ATC code	none
PubChem	CID: 71443
Chemical data
Formula	C4H3AuNa2O4S
Molecular mass	390.076 g/mol
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Disodium aurothiomalate is a chemical compound with the formula AuSCH(CO₂Na)CH₂CO₂Na. In conjunction with its monoprotonated derivative, this coordination complex or closely related species are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, under the tradename Myochrysine. The thiomalate is racemic in most formulation.

Structure

Disodium aurothiomalate is a coordination polymer. The salt CsNa₂Au₂T(TH) salt (T = thiomalate³⁻, TH = monoprotonated thiomalate²⁻) is related to disodium aurothiomalate but is easier to crystallise and characterise by X-ray crystallography. The compound is polymeric with Au-S-Au-S^... chains with succinoyl groups attached to the sulfur atoms. The structure of the related drug Aurothioglucose is also polymeric with two-coordinate gold(I) centers. In such compounds, the efficacy results from the compound in solution, the structures of such solution species are often poorly understood. Medical texts sometimes suggest that free Au⁺ ions exist in this and related gold(I) compounds, but the Au-thiolate bonding is highly covalent and free gold ions do not exist in solution. Whereas simple gold thiolates are lipophilic, the carboxylate substituents render disodium aurothiomalate soluble in water.

Disodium aurothiomalate contains no Au-C bonds, so it is not an organometallic compound in the formal sense.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of disodium aurothimalate is unknown.

Side effects

Disodium aurothiomalate can cause photosensitive rashes, gastrointestinal disturbance, and kidney damage.

See also

• Auranofin
• Aurothioglucose
• Gold salts
• Sodium aurothiomalate