Eden Gardens

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Not to be confused with Eden Garden or Garden of Eden.
Eden Gardens
ইডেন গার্ডেন্স
Eden Gardens Kol.jpg
The stadium during a One-Day-International match: India vs Pakistan in January 2013
Ground information
Location Kolkata
Coordinates Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Establishment 1864; 160 years ago (1864)
Capacity 66,000[1][2]
Owner Calcutta Cricket Club (C.C.C.) (Inauguration–1985)[3]
Cricket Association of Bengal (November 1985–present)[3]
Operator Cricket Association of Bengal
Tenants Indian Cricket Team
Bengal cricket team
Kolkata Knight Riders
End names
High Court End
Pavilion End
International information
First Test 5–8 January 1934: India v England
Last Test 6–8 November 2013: India v West Indies
First ODI 18 February 1987: India v Pakistan
Last ODI 13 November 2014: India v Sri Lanka
First T20I 29 October 2011: India v England
Last T20I 3 April 2016: England v West Indies
Team information
Bengal cricket team (1908 – present)
Kolkata Knight Riders (2008 – present)
As of 3 April 2016
Source: Eden Gardens, Cricinfo
Eden Gardens is located in Kolkata
Eden Gardens
Eden Gardens
Eden Gardens (Kolkata)

Eden Gardens (Bengali: ইডেন গার্ডেন্স) is a cricket ground in Kolkata, India. It is the home of the Bengal cricket team and the IPL's Kolkata Knight Riders, as well as being a venue for Test, ODI and T20I matches.[4] With a seating capacity of 66,000, it is the largest cricket stadium in India, and the second-largest cricket stadium in the world behind the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Eden Gardens has been called "cricket's answer to the Colosseum" and is widely acknowledged to be one of the most iconic cricket stadiums in the world.[5] The stadium has hosted matches in major competitions including the World Cup, World Twenty20, Asia Cup and Indian Premier League matches. In 1987, Eden Gardens became the second stadium to host a World Cup final, after Lord's, London which had hosted the first three finals.

History and capacity

The stadium gets its name from the Eden Gardens which is among the oldest parks in Kolkata designed in 1841 and named after the Eden sisters of Lord Auckland, the Governor-General of India.[6] Initially it was named 'Auckland Circus Gardens’ but later changed to 'Eden Gardens' by its makers inspired by Garden of Eden in the Bible.[7] The stadium itself was established in 1864 and currently holds 66,349 people[8][9] following renovations for the Cricket World Cup 2011; a capacity down from an estimated 100,000 before the upgrade. Before the 1987 World Cup, the capacity was said to be approximately 120,000; however, no official figures have been recorded. Nonetheless, there have been six matches at this venue which were attended by over 100,000 spectators on a day.[4]

Before 1984, both cricket and derby football matches were played in Eden Garden. The stadium is in the B. B. D. Bagh area of the city, near the State Secretariat and Calcutta High Court.

The first recorded Test at the venue was held in 1934, and its first One Day International in 1987.[4] The Hero Cup knockout matches were staged at Eden Gardens, the first matches played under lights at the ground.[10] Sporting floodlights, bowlers deliver from the High Court End or the Pavilion End of a pitch under curator Probir Mukherjee.[4] Eden Gardens is renowned for its large and vociferous crowds. It is said that "a cricketer's cricketing education is not complete till he has played in front of a packed Eden Gardens." The B.C. Roy Club House is named after former Chief Minister of West Bengal Dr. B. C. Roy. The headquarters of the Cricket Association of Bengal are at the Eden Gardens. The stadium hosts Indian Premier League matches and is the home venue for Kolkata Knight Riders co-owned by the Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan.

Notable events

  • In 1946, an in-form Mushtaq Ali was dropped from the Indian team selected to play an unofficial test against Australian Services XI. Following crowd protests (with slogans like "No Mushtaq, No Test"), the selectors brought him back to play.[11]
  • Rioting occurred at the ground during the 1966/67 West Indies and 1969/70 Australian tours.[4]
  • 16 football fans died in a stampede after a derby league game between East Bengal and Mohun Bagan on 16 August 1980.
  • Hosted the memorable World Cup final of 1987 which ended with Australia defeating England by 7 runs.
  • The 1996 World Cup semi-final was called off and Sri Lanka awarded the match after crowd disturbances following an Indian batting collapse.[4]
  • During the 2nd final of the 1997 Pepsi Independence Cup, the Test and ODI captains of the Indian cricket team of all time (with a few notable exceptions) were given a lap of honour around the stadium.
  • In 1999, leading Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar was run out after colliding with Pakistan's Shoaib Akhtar. Akhtar had impeded Tendulkar and the crowd rioted, forcing the police to evict the spectators. The match continued in front of an empty stadium.
  • Kapil Dev took an ODI hat-trick against the Sri Lankans in 1991 at the ground.
  • Harbhajan Singh took a hat-trick against Australia in 2000/01 at the ground. He became the first Indian to take a hat-trick in Test cricket.
  • VVS Laxman scored 281 against Australia in 2000/01. This remains the highest score at the ground. Australia were defeated despite holding the advantage for the majority of the game in "the greatest come-from-behind victory of modern times".[4] It was only the third time in Test history that a team had won after being forced to follow on.[12]
  • Eden Gardens hosted the historic 199th (penultimate) Test match of Sachin Tendulkar's career against West Indies from 6-10 Nov 2013. India defeated West Indies by an innings and 51 runs in 3 days.
  • On its 150th anniversary, on 13 November 2014, Eden Gardens witnessed the highest ever score by a batsman in One Day Internationals, a 264 off 173 balls scored by Rohit Sharma during the 4th One Day International of Sri Lanka vs India at the venue.
  • On 3 April 2016, in this venue, within a span of hours, the finals of the ICC world cup Twenty20 tournaments for the women and for the men were won by the respective women's and men's teams of the West Indies.

Records

  • The top four Test cricket batting scores in this stadium were registered by India: 657–7 in 2001, 643–6 in 2010, 633–5 in 1998, and 631–7 in 2011.
  • The most runs in Test Matches Played here was scored by V.V.S. Laxman (1217 runs),[13] followed by Rahul Dravid(962 runs) and Mohammed Azharuddin (860 runs). The most wickets taken here was by Harbhajan Singh (46 wickets) followed by Anil Kumble (40 wickets) and Bishen Singh Bedi (29 wickets).
  • The highest score in ODIs here was made by India, who scored 404–5 in 2014 The second highest score in ODIs here was made by India, who scored 317–3 in 2009. The third highest score was made by Sri Lanka, who scored 315–6 in 2009, the fourth highest score was again made by Sri Lanka who were all-out for 309 in 1997.
  • The most runs in ODIs scored here by a batsman is by Sachin Tendulkar (496 runs), followed by Mohammed Azharuddin (332 runs) and Aravinda de Silva (306 runs). The most wickets taken here is by Anil Kumble and Kapil Dev (14 wickets each), followed by Javagal Srinath (8 wickets) and Ajit Agarkar (7 wickets).
  • VVS Laxman and Mohammed Azharuddin have scored 5 centuries each at this venue,the last being the unbeaten 176 by Laxman.
  • The highest ODI individual score is made by Rohit Sharma on this historical ground; Rohit Sharma 264(173) vs Sri Lanka.[13,Nov,2014]

Renovation

Kolkata Skyline showing Iconic Floodlights of the ground
The ground before Cricket World Cup 2011 renovation

Eden Gardens underwent renovation for the 2011 Cricket World Cup.[14] Renovation had been undertaken to meet the standards set by the International Cricket Council (ICC) for the 2011 World Cup. The Cricket Association of Bengal retained the team of Burt Hill and VMS to renovate the Eden Gardens Cricket Stadium. The plans for the renovated stadium included a new clubhouse and players' facilities, upgrades of the exterior walls to give the stadium a new look, cladding the existing roof structure with a new metal skin, new/upgraded patron amenities & signage and general infrastructure improvements. The upgrade also meant reduction of the seating capacity to about 66,000 from around 100,000 before the upgrade.

Due to unsafe conditions arising from the incomplete renovations, the ICC withdrew the India vs. England match from the Eden Gardens. This match, scheduled on 27 February 2011,[15] was played in Bengaluru at M.Chinnaswamy Stadium.

The stadium hosted the remaining three scheduled World Cup 2011 Matches on 15, 18 and 20 March 2011. In the last of these three matches (Kenya vs Zimbabwe), the stadium had the minimal ticket-purchasing crowd in its recorded history with 15 spectators having bought tickets.[16]

Restricted Items

Due to security reasons only mobile phones, wallets and baby food is allowed in the stadium. Drinkable, eatables, cameras, plastic bottles, data cables, binoculars, headphones, coins or metallic objects, laptops, etc. are not allowed in the stadium. There is no provision of depositing the items at the security gates.[17]

Cricket World Cup

This stadium has hosted One Day International (ODI) matches during 1987 Cricket World Cup, 1996 Cricket World Cup and 2011 Cricket World Cup. The stadium also was involved in the 1978 Women's Cricket World Cup and the 1997 Women's Cricket World Cup.

1987 ICC Cricket World Cup

23 October 1987
Scorecard
Attendance 42,721
Zimbabwe 
228/5 (50 overs)
v
 New Zealand
229/6 (47.4 overs)
 New Zealand won by 4 wickets
8 November 1987
Scorecard
Attendance 95,000
Australia 
253/5 (50 overs)
v
 England
246/8 (50 overs)
 Australia won by 7 runs

1996 ICC Cricket World Cup

13 March 1996
Scorecard
Sri Lanka 
251/8 (50 overs)
v
 India
120/8 (34.1 overs)
Aravinda de Silva 66 (47)
Javagal Srinath 3/34 (7 overs)
Sachin Tendulkar 65 (88)
Sanath Jayasuriya 3/12 (7 overs)
Sri Lanka won by default
Umpires: Steve Dunne (NZ) and Cyril Mitchley (SA)
Player of the match: Aravinda de Silva (SL)
Attendance: 110,000
  • The match was awarded to Sri Lanka by match referee Clive Lloyd when play could not continue due to the rioting crowd.

2011 ICC Cricket World Cup

20 March 2011
Scorecard
Zimbabwe 
308/6 (50 overs)
v
 Kenya
147 (36 overs)
 Zimbabwe won by 161 runs
15 March 2011 (D/N)
Scorecard
South Africa 
272/7 (50 overs)
v
 Ireland
141 (33.2 overs)
 South Africa won by 131 runs
18 March 2011
Scorecard
Netherlands 
306 (50 overs)
v
 Ireland
307/4 (47.4 overs)
 Ireland won by 6 wickets

* Eden Gardens was meant to host a Group B Match between India and England on 27 February 2011. The ICC, however, stripped the stadium of the match after deciding that the renovation of the grounds would not be completed in time.

ICC Women's Cricket World Cup 1978

1 January 1978
(scorecard)
India 
63 (39.3 overs)
v
 England
65/1 (30.2 overs)
DF Edulji 18
G Hullah 2/2 (6.3)
M Wilks 2/6 (6.0)
LD Thomas 43*
DF Edulji 1/18 (10)
 England won by 9 wickets
Umpires: B Ganguli and SK Ghosh

ICC Women's Cricket World Cup 1997

29 December 1997
Scorecard
New Zealand 
164 (49.3 overs)
v
 Australia
165/5 (47.4 overs)
Debbie Hockley 79 (121)
Bronwyn Calver 2/29 (10 overs)
Belinda Clark 52 (81)
Katrina Keenan 2/23 (10 overs)
 Australia won by 5 wickets
Umpires: Aloke Bhattacharjee and S Choudhary
Player of the match: Debbie Hockley (NZ)
  • New Zealand Women won the toss and elected to bat.
Eden Gardens under floodlight

One Day International matches

List of ODI matches hosted at Eden Gardens :[18]

S No Team (A) Team (B) Winner Margin Match Date Attendance
1 India Pakistan Pakistan 2 wickets 18 Feb 1987 97,627
2 New Zealand Zimbabwe New Zealand 4 wickets 23 Oct 1987 42,721
3 Australia England Australia 7 runs 8 Nov 1987 95,000
4 India West Indies India 56 runs 2 Jan 1988 ***
5 India Pakistan Pakistan 77 runs 28 Oct 1989 84,825
6 Pakistan West Indies Pakistan 4 wickets 1 Nov 1989 ***
7 Bangladesh Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 71 runs 31 Dec 1990 ***
8 India Sri Lanka India 7 wickets 4 Jan 1991 ***
9 India South Africa India 3 wickets 10 Nov 1991 93,730
10 India South Africa India 2 runs 24 Nov 1993 104,264
11 Sri Lanka West Indies West Indies 7 wickets 25 Nov 1993 ***
12 India West Indies India 102 runs 27 Nov 1993 107,882
13 India West Indies India 72 runs 5 Nov 1994 105,732
14 India Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Unknown (Winner by default) 13 Mar 1996 110,000
15 Pakistan Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 85 runs 27 May 1997 ***
16 India Kenya India 9 wickets 31 May 1998 ***
17 India England India 22 runs 19 Jan 2002 67,890
18 India Australia Australia 37 runs 18 Nov 2003 103,962
19 India Pakistan Pakistan 6 wickets 13 Nov 2004 85,821
20 India South Africa South Africa 10 wickets 25 Nov 2005 ***
21 India Sri Lanka No result N/A 8 Feb 2007 ***
22 India Sri Lanka India 7 wickets 24 Dec 2009 ***
23 Ireland South Africa South Africa 131 runs 15 Mar 2011 32,932
24 Ireland Netherlands Ireland 6 wickets 18 Mar 2011 29,000
25 Kenya Zimbabwe Zimbabwe 161 runs 20 Mar 2011 15
26 India England India 95 runs 25 Oct 2011
27 India Pakistan Pakistan 85 runs 3 Jan 2013 66,000
28 India Sri Lanka India 153 runs 13th Nov 2014 42,729

Twenty20 International Matches

List of T20I matches hosted at Eden Gardens :[19]

S No Team (A) Team (B) Winner Margin Match Date
1 India England England 6 wickets 29 October 2011
2 India South Africa No result — 8 October 2015
3 Pakistan Bangladesh Pakistan 55 runs 16 March 2016
4 Afghanistan Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 6 wickets 17 March 2016
5 India Pakistan India 6 wickets 19 March 2016
6 New Zealand Bangladesh New Zealand 75 runs 26 March 2016
7 West Indies England West Indies 4 wickets 3 April 2016

Test matches

India have hosted a number of Test Matches at Eden Gardens.[20]

S No Opponents Winner Margin Match Date Attendance
1 England drawn N/A 5–8 Jan 1934 ***
2 West Indies drawn N/A 31 Dec 1948 – 4 Jan 1949 ***
3 England drawn N/A 30 Dec 1951 – 4 Jan 1952 ***
4 Pakistan drawn N/A 12–15 Dec 1952 ***
5 New Zealand drawn N/A 28 Dec 1955 – 2 Jan 1956 ***
6 Australia Australia 94 runs 2–6 Nov 1956 ***
7 West Indies West Indies inns & 336 runs 31 Dec 1958 – 4 Jan 1959 ***
8 Australia drawn N/A 23–28 Jan 1960 ***
9 Pakistan drawn N/A 30 Dec 1960 – 4 Jan 1961 ***
10 England India 187 runs 30 Dec 1961 – 4 Jan 1962 ***
11 England drawn N/A 29 Jan – 3 Feb 1964 ***
12 Australia drawn N/A 17–22 Oct 1964 ***
13 New Zealand drawn N/A 5–8 Mar 1965 ***
14 West Indies West Indies inns & 45 runs 31 Dec 1966 – 5 Jan 1967 ***
15 Australia Australia 10 wickets 12–16 Dec 1969 ***
16 England India 28 runs 30 Dec 1972 – 4 Jan 1973 ***
17 West Indies India 85 runs 27 Dec 1974 – 1 Jan 1975 ***
18 England England 10 wickets 1–6 Jan 1977 ***
19 West Indies drawn N/A 29 Dec 1978 – 3 Jan 1979 ***
20 Australia drawn N/A 26–31 Oct 1979 ***
21 Pakistan drawn N/A 29 Jan – 3 Feb 1980 ***
22 England drawn N/A 1–6 Jan 1982 ***
23 West Indies West Indies inns & 46 runs 10–14 Dec 1983 ***
24 England drawn N/A 31 Dec 1984 – 5 Jan 1985 ***
25 Pakistan drawn N/A 11–16 Feb 1987 ***
26 West Indies drawn N/A 26–31 Dec 1989 ***
27 England India 8 wickets 29 Jan – 2 Feb 1993 ***
28 South Africa South Africa 329 runs 27 Nov – 1 Dec 1996 ***
29 Australia India inns & 219 runs 18–21 Mar 1998 ***
30 Pakistan Pakistan 46 runs 16–20 Feb 1999 4,65,000
31 Australia India 171 runs 11–15 Mar 2001 ***
32 West Indies drawn N/A 30 Oct – 3 Nov 2002 ***
33 South Africa India 8 wickets 28 Nov – 2 Dec 2004 ***
34 Pakistan India 195 runs 16–20 Mar 2005 ***
35 Pakistan drawn N/A 30 Nov – 4 Dec 2007 ***
36 South Africa India inns & 57 runs 14–18 Feb 2010 ***
37 West Indies India inns & 15 runs 14–17 Nov 2011 ***
38 England England 7 wickets 5–9 Dec 2012 ***
39 West Indies India inns & 51 runs 6–10 Nov 2013 ***

See also

References

  1. ↑ Eden Gardens
  2. ↑ http://www.iplt20.com/venues/2/eden-gardens
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Eden Gardens
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Eden Gardens | India | Cricket Grounds | ESPN Cricinfo. Content-ind.cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 4 September 2011.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Kolkata's Eden Gardens stadium gets a new look for Cricket World Cup 2011. World Interior Design Network. Retrieved on 10 June 2010
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

Kolkata/Maidan travel guide from Wikivoyage

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Events and tenants
Preceded by Cricket World Cup
Final Venue
1987		 Succeeded by
MCG
Preceded by ICC World Twenty20
Final Venue
2016		 Succeeded by
TBA

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