Edward D. Thalmann

Edward Deforest Thalmann
File:Captain Edward D Thalmann USN.jpg Edward D. Thalmann, MD, expert in hyperbaric medicine
Born	(1945-04-03)April 3, 1945 Jersey City, New Jersey
Died	Durham, North Carolina
Allegiance	United States
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1971–1993
Rank	Captain
Awards	Legion of Merit Meritorious Service Medal Navy Unit Commendation Navy and Marine Corps Meritorious Unit Commendation with service star National Defense Service Medal with service star Navy and Marine Corps Overseas Service Ribbon with service star
Relations	Alexander E. Thalmann (nephew)
Other work	Naval Medical Research Institute Duke University Divers Alert Network

Capt. Edward Deforest Thalmann, USN (ret.) (April 3, 1945 – July 24, 2004) was an American hyperbaric medicine specialist who was principally responsible for developing the current United States Navy dive tables for mixed-gas diving, which are based on his eponymous Thalmann Algorithm (VVAL18). At the time of his death, Thalmann was serving as Assistant Medical Director of the Divers Alert Network (DAN) and an Assistant Clinical Professor in Anesthesiology at Duke University's Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology.

Education

Thalmann graduated from Sayreville High School, Sayreville NJ, in 1962. He attended the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, graduating in 1966 with a bachelor of science degree. He attended medical school at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. From 1970 to 1971, Thalmann was a surgical intern at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, Quebec. It was there that he met his future wife, a nursing student.

While on active duty, from 1975 to 1977, Thalmann conducted a two-year postdoctoral fellowship under the guidance of Claes Lundgren and Hermann Rahn, at the State University of New York at Buffalo, studying the effects of immersion and breathing bag placement in rebreathers on underwater exercise.

Naval career

Thalmann served as Chief Medical Officer on board the ballistic missile submarine USS Thomas Jefferson for a single deployment, from 1971 to 1972 before being posted as a research diving medical officer at the United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) at the Washington Navy Yard, where he was stationed until 1975.

Following his post-doctoral fellowship in Buffalo, in 1977, Thalmann returned to NEDU, now located in Panama City, Florida, as Assistant Senior Medical Officer, where he began developing new dive tables and mixed-gas diving techniques. While at NEDU, Thalmann created a number of unique and innovative underwater exercise devices, still in use today, intended to assist in gauging the underwater endurance of divers using various gas mixtures while performing physically demanding tasks.

In 1985, Thalmann, now the Senior Medical Officer at NEDU, was selected for the NATO Undersea Medicine Personnel Exchange Program and assigned to the Royal Navy Institute of Naval Medicine, Alverstoke, United Kingdom. There he continued development of a new decompression table and worked on improving undersea thermal protection garments. Upon the conclusion of his exchange tour in 1987, Thalmann returned to Bethesda to serve as the commander of the Naval Medical Research Institute's diving medicine and physiology research division.

Civilian career

Following his retirement from the Navy in 1993, Thalmann stayed on at NMRI as a senior scientist in decompression research. In July 1994 took a position in Durham, North Carolina at Duke's Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology and later accepted a simultaneous position as the Assistant Medical Director of DAN in 1995.

Thalmann died on July 24, 2004 in Durham, due to congestive heart failure, at the age of 59. He was committed to the sea on August 31, 2004 with services conducted aboard USS Maryland, an Ohio-class submarine, off the coast of Kings Bay, Georgia at .

Contributions to hyperbaric medicine

Based on scientific studies of gas exchange in human tissues, further informed by his supervision of hundreds of experimental dives, Thalmann developed his namesake mathematical algorithm to protect divers from decompression sickness. The Thalmann Algorithm was the basis for a new set of decompression tables that provided more flexibility for diving time, depth, gas mixtures and pressures. The algorithm was also used for developing wearable dive computers to manage complex individual dives. Thalmann's research ultimately improved decompression safety for military divers, recreational divers, and even astronauts.

Awards

• Legion of Merit awarded in 1994
• Meritorious Service Medal awarded in 1985
• Navy Unit Commendation
• Navy and Marine Corps Meritorious Unit Commendation with bronze service star (2 awards)
• National Defense Service Medal with bronze service star (2 awards)
• Navy and Marine Corps Overseas Service Ribbon with bronze service star (2 awards)
•   Submarine Medical insignia
• Diving Medical Officer badge
•   SSBN Deterrent Patrol insignia

Publications

Non-refereed journals and reports

• Survanshi SS, Weathersby PK, Homer LD, Thalmann ED. Design of Dive Trials. In: Lang MA, Vann RD eds: AAUS Repetitive Dive Workshop. Costa Mesa, CA. American Academy of Underwater Scientists, 1992:287-292.

Book chapters

• Thalmann, E.D., editor of Chapter 8: "Diving Medicine", in:
• Invited Reviewer for: "Treatment of decompression sickness", Chapter 13. In:

External links

• Ed Thalmann Papers at Duke University Medical Center Archives