Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth
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The Right Honourable The Lord Tweedmouth KT PC |
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File:Portrait of Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth.jpg | |
Lord Privy Seal | |
In office 10 March 1894 – 21 June 1895 |
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Monarch | Victoria |
Prime Minister | The Earl of Rosebery |
Preceded by | William Ewart Gladstone |
Succeeded by | The Viscount Cross |
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster | |
In office 28 May 1894 – 21 June 1895 |
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Monarch | Victoria |
Prime Minister | The Earl of Rosebery |
Preceded by | James Bryce |
Succeeded by | The Lord James of Hereford |
First Lord of the Admiralty | |
In office 10 December 1905 – 12 April 1908 |
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Monarch | Edward VII |
Prime Minister | Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman |
Preceded by | The Earl Cawdor |
Succeeded by | Reginald McKenna |
Lord President of the Council | |
In office 12 April 1908 – 13 October 1908 |
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Monarch | Edward VII |
Prime Minister | H. H. Asquith |
Preceded by | The Earl of Crewe |
Succeeded by | The Viscount Wolverhampton |
Personal details | |
Born | 8 July 1849 |
Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. |
Nationality | British |
Political party | Liberal Party |
Spouse(s) | Lady Fanny Spencer-Churchill (1853–1904) |
Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth KT PC (8 July 1849 – 15 September 1909) was a moderate[1] British Liberal Party statesman who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 until 1894 when he inherited his peerage and then sat in the House of Lords. He served in various capacities in the Liberal governments of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Contents
Background
Tweedmouth was the son of Dudley Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth, and Isabella, daughter of Sir James Hogg, 1st Baronet.[2] Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, was his sister. He is descended from Joseph Marjoribanks, a wine and fish merchant in Edinburgh who died in 1635 and is thought to have been the grandson of Thomas Marjoribanks of Ratho,[3] head of the lowland clan Marjoribanks.[4]
Political career
Tweedmouth was returned to Parliament for Berwickshire in 1880, a seat he held until 1894.[5] He served under William Ewart Gladstone as Comptroller of the Household in between February and July 1886[6] and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year.[7] When the Liberals returned to power under Gladstone in 1892, he was made Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (chief whip).[8] He succeeded his father in the barony in March 1894, only a few days before Gladstone resigned and Lord Rosebery became Prime Minister. Rosebery appointed Tweedmouth Lord Privy Seal,[9] with a seat in the cabinet, and in May 1894 he also became Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He retained these posts until the government fell in 1895.[8]
After ten years in opposition, the Liberals again came to power in December 1905 under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, who appointed Tweedmouth First Lord of the Admiralty,[10] with a seat in the cabinet. In early 1908 he was criticised for corresponding with German emperor William II on the British naval programme. The matter was referred to the House of Commons. Chancellor of the Exchequer H. H. Asquith eventually stated that the correspondence was "a purely personal and private communication, conceived in an entirely friendly spirit" and no action was taken.[11] However, when Asquith succeeded Campbell-Bannerman as Prime Minister in April 1908 Tweedmouth was removed as head of the Admiralty and became Lord President of the Council[8] He suffered a nervous breakdown in June 1908, a condition which was said to partly explain his indiscretion in communicating with the German Emperor on naval matters. Although his health later recovered, he resigned in October 1908.[12] He was made a Knight of the Thistle in 1908.[13]
An advocate of worker’s rights[14] and social legislation,[15][16][17] Tweedmouth was supportive of the Liberal Party’s alliance with the Labour Party in the lead-up to the 1906 General Election, believing that the Liberals could not win without it, and regarded as “humbug” the view that such an alliance meant class legislation.[18]
Family
Lord Tweedmouth married Lady Fanny Octavia Louise, daughter of John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough and aunt of Sir Winston Churchill, in 1873. She died from cancer in August 1904, aged 51. Lord Tweedmouth survived her by five years and died in September 1909, aged 60. He was succeeded in the barony by his son, Dudley.[2]
The Rocking Chair Ranche
From 1883 until 1896, he was an owner of and investor in Rocking Chair Ranche located in the Collingsworth County, Texas along with his father Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth and his brother-in-law John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair.[19]
References
- ↑ https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zrdjEV9zY5MC&pg=PA80&dq=tweedmouth+moderate&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBWoVChMIrfe5nfO8xwIViVjbCh1jDgEs#v=onepage&q=tweedmouth%20moderate&f=false
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 thepeerage.com Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth of Edington
- ↑ Marjoribanks, Roger. "Marjoribanks of Lees", The Marjoribanks Journal Number 3, page 14, June 1995. Accessed on 22 May 2010
- ↑ Clan Marjoribanks web site accessed 29 April 2010
- ↑ leighrayment.com House of Commons: Bedford to Berwick upon Tweed
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 25558. p. 682. 12 February 1886.
- ↑ leighrayment.com Privy Counsellors: 1836–1914
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 leighrayment.com Peerage: Tiberris to Tyrrell
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26496. p. 1661. 20 March 1894.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27866. p. 9172. 22 December 1905.
- ↑ The New York Times 16 September 1909: "Lord Tweedmouth dead".
- ↑ The New York Times 29 September 1908: "Lord Tweedmouth resigns".
- ↑ leighrayment.com Knights of the Thistle
- ↑ https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ucd_AAAAQBAJ&pg=PT72&dq=Lord+Tweedmouth+eighty+club+speech+working+class&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAWoVChMI3MHHiJ3jxwIV65zbCh3zxgyO#v=onepage&q=Lord%20Tweedmouth%20eighty%20club%20speech%20working%20class&f=false
- ↑ http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1905/may/09/workmens-compensation-bill-hl#S4V0145P0_19050509_HOL_105
- ↑ http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1901/mar/08/the-housing-problem-government-policy#S4V0090P0_19010308_HOL_53
- ↑ http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/lords/1902/mar/13/factory-and-workshop-act-1901-amendment#S4V0104P0_19020313_HOL_31
- ↑ https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=p9fTBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA167&dq=Lord+Tweedmouth+working+class&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBGoVChMIi_31np3jxwIVYoHbCh0HjAAf#v=onepage&q=Lord%20Tweedmouth%20working%20class&f=false
- ↑ http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/apr01
- Burke's Peerage 107th edition
External links
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth
- Portraits of Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Photograph of Lord Tweedmouth at vandaprints.com
Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
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Preceded by | Member of Parliament for Berwickshire 1880–1894 |
Succeeded by Harold Tennant |
Political offices | ||
Preceded by | Comptroller of the Household 1886 |
Succeeded by Lord Arthur Hill |
Preceded by | Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury 1892–1894 |
Succeeded by Thomas Edward Ellis |
Preceded by | Lord Privy Seal 1894–1895 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Cross |
Preceded by | Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1894–1895 |
Succeeded by The Lord James of Hereford |
Preceded by | First Lord of the Admiralty 1905–1908 |
Succeeded by Reginald McKenna |
Preceded by | Lord President of the Council 1908 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Wolverhampton |
Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
Preceded by | Baron Tweedmouth 1894–1909 |
Succeeded by Dudley Churchill Marjoribanks |
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