Erich Marcks
Erich Marcks
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File:Erich Marcks.jpeg | |
Born | Schöneberg, Berlin, Germany |
6 June 1891
Died | 12 June 1944 Hébécrevon, Saint-Lô, Normandy, France |
(aged 53)
Buried |
German War Cemetery, Marigny
|
Allegiance | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Service/ |
Heer |
Years of service | 1910–44 |
Rank | General der Artillerie |
Unit | German LXXXIV Army Corps |
Battles/wars | First World War Second World War |
Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves |
Relations | Gerhard Marcks (cousin) |
Erich Marcks (6 June 1891 – 12 June 1944) was a German general of artillery in the Second World War. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, awarded by Nazi Germany to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Marcks is known as the first draft of the operational plan, Operation Draft East, for the invasion of the Soviet Union, advocating what was later known as A-A line as the goal for the Wehrmacht to achieve, within nine to seventeen weeks.
Contents
Operation Draft East
In the summer of 1940, Franz Halder, chief of OKH General Staff, directed Marcks to draft an initial operational plan for the invasion of the Soviet Union. Marcks produced a report entitled "Operation Draft East". Citing the need to "protect Germany against enemy bombers", the report advocated the A-A line as the operational objective of the invasion of "Russia" (sic). This goal was a line from Arkhangelsk on the Arctic Sea through Gorky and Rostov to the port city of Astrakhan at the mouth of the Volga on the Caspian Sea. Marcks envisioned that the campaign, including the capture of Moscow and beyond, would require between nine to seventeen weeks to complete.[1]
Awards
- Iron Cross (1914)
- Wound Badge (1914)
- in Black
- Hanseatic Cross of Hamburg
- Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
- Wehrmacht Long Service Award 4th to 2nd Classes
- Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939)
- Wound Badge (1939)
- in Gold
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
- Knight's Cross on 26 June 1941 as Generalleutnant and commander of 101. leichten Infanterie-Division[3][4]
- 503rd Oak Leaves on 24 June 1944 as General der Artillerie and commander of LXXXIV. Armee-Korps[3][5]
- Mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht on 13 June 1944
Wehrmachtbericht reference
Date | Original German Wehrmachtbericht wording | Direct English translation |
---|---|---|
13 June 1944 | Der kommandierende General eines Armeekorps, General der Artillerie Marcks, der tapferer Verteidiger der Halbinsel Cherbourg, fand bei den schweren Kämpfen in vorderster Linie der Heldentod.[6] | The commanding general of an Army Corps, General der Artillerie Marcks, the brave defender of the Cherbourg Peninsula, found a hero's death in the heavy fighting at the front line. |
In popular culture
- In the 1962 film The Longest Day, Erich Marcks was portrayed by the German actor Richard Münch.
References
Citations
- ↑ Kay 2011, p. 31.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Thomas 1998, p. 58.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Scherzer 2007, p. 526.
- ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 302, 497.
- ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 84.
- ↑ Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Volume 3, p. 126.
Bibliography
- Beevor, Antony (2009). D-Day: The Battle for Normandy. London: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-88703-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6. Unknown parameter
|trans_title=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> - Kay, Alex J. (2011) [2006]. Exploitation, Resettlement, Mass Murder: Political and Economic Planning for German Occupation Policy in the Soviet Union, 1940–1941. New York: Berghahn Books. ISBN 9781845451868.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2. Unknown parameter
|trans_title=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> - Stockert, Peter (2012). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 6 (in German) (3rd ed.). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. OCLC 76072662. Unknown parameter
|trans_title=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> - Thomas, Franz (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9. Unknown parameter
|trans_title=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> - Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3, 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945 (in German). München, Germany: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. 1985. ISBN 978-3-423-05944-2. Unknown parameter
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External links
- "Ich würfelte mit dem Schicksal—Dwight D. Eisenhower und die Invasion am 6. Juni 1944". Der Spiegel (in German). 23. 1964. Retrieved 10 November 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Military offices | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Generalleutnant Kurt Pflieger |
Commander of 337. Infanterie-Division 15 March 1942 – 5 October 1942 |
Succeeded by Generalleutnant Otto Schünemann |
Preceded by none |
Commander of LXXXVII. Armeekorps 5 November 1942 – 1 August 1943 |
Succeeded by General der Infanterie Gustav-Adolf von Zangen |
Preceded by General der Infanterie Gustav-Adolf von Zangen |
Commander of LXXXIV. Armeekorps 1 August 1943 – 12 June 1944 |
Succeeded by General der Artillerie Wilhelm Fahrmbacher |
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles containing German-language text
- CS1 maint: ref=harv
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- 1891 births
- 1944 deaths
- People from Schöneberg
- People from the Province of Brandenburg
- Generals of Artillery (Wehrmacht)
- Operation Overlord people
- German military personnel of World War I
- German military personnel killed in World War II
- Military personnel referenced in the Wehrmachtbericht
- Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
- Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st class
- Recipients of the Hanseatic Cross (Hamburg)
- German amputees
- Military personnel of Württemberg
- 20th-century Freikorps personnel
- Reichswehr personnel