Cinema of Europe

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The Berlin Wintergarten theatre was the site of the first cinema ever, with a short movie presented by the Skladanowsky brothers in November 1895

Cinema of Europe refers to the film industries and films produced in the continent of Europe.

Europeans were the pioneers of the motion picture industry, with several innovative engineers and artists making an impact especially at the end of the 19th century. Louis Le Prince became famous for his 1888 Roundhay Garden Scene, the first known celluloid film recorded. The Skladanowsky brothers from Berlin used their "Bioscop" to amaze the Wintergarten theatre audience with the first film show ever, from November 1 through 31, 1895. The Lumière Brothers established the Cinematograph; which initiated the silent film era, a period where European cinema was a major commercial success. It remained so until the art-hostile environment of World War II.[1]

Notable European early film movements include German Expressionism (1920s), Soviet Montage (1920s), French Impressionist Cinema (1920s), Poetic realism (1930s), and Italian neorealism (1940s); it was a period now seen in retrospect as "The Other Hollywood". The first large-scale film studio was also established in Europe, with the Babelsberg Studio near Berlin in 1912.

Post World War II movements include Free Cinema (1950s), French New Wave (1950s–60s), Polish Film School (1950s–60s), Czechoslovak New Wave (1960s), New German Cinema (1960s–80s), British New Wave (1950s–60s), Spaghetti Western (1960s) and Novo Cinema (1960s–70s). The turn of the 21st century has seen movements such as Dogme 95, New French Extremity, Romanian New Wave and Berlin School.

For a list of national cinemas, see List of cinema of the world, or the infobox at the bottom of this page.

History

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19th century

Antoine Lumière realized, on 28 December 1895, the first projection, with the Cinematograph, in Paris.[2][3][4] In 1897, Georges Méliès established the first cinema studio on a rooftop property in Montreuil, near Paris.

20th century

The Babelsberg Studio near Berlin was the first large-scale film studio in the world (founded 1912) and the forerunner to Hollywood. It still produces global blockbusters every year.
European Film Academy Logo

The European Film Academy was founded in 1988 to annually celebrate European cinema through the European Film Awards.

Philippe Binant realized, on 2 February 2000, the first digital cinema projection in Europe, with the DLP CINEMA technology developed by Texas Instruments, in Paris.[5][6][7]

Europa Cinemas

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Europa Cinemas was founded in 1992, funded by the European Union's MEDIA Programme, Euromed Audiovisual, the Council of Europe Eurimages fund, as well as support from France's Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and National Center of Cinematography and the moving image.

Europa Cinemas is a network of over 1000 cinemas in 588 cities and 60 countries, providing support to cinemas that commit to the screening of European films; it is an effort increase the circulation of European cinema and facilitate international projects and co-operation between cinemas.[8]

European film festivals

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See also: Film festivals in Europe
"Big Three"[9][10]
Others

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European film awards

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ December 28, 1895.
  3. ↑ Georges Sadoul, Histoire du cinéma mondial, des origines à nos jours, Flammarion, Paris, 1968, p. 19
  4. ↑ Institut Lumière.
  5. ↑ Cahiers du cinéma, n°hors-série, Paris, April 2000, p. 32 (cf. also Histoire des communications, 2011, p. 10.).
  6. ↑ Cf. Binant, " Au cœur de la projection numérique ", Actions, 29, Kodak, Paris, 2007, p. 12.
  7. ↑ Claude Forest, « De la pellicule aux pixels : l'anomie des exploitants de salles de cinéma », in Laurent Creton, Kira Kitsopanidou (sous la direction de), Les salles de cinéma : enjeux, défis et perspectives, Armand Colin / Recherche, Paris, 2013, p. 116.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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