Federation of Arab Republics

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Federation of Arab Republics
اتحاد الجمهوريات العربية
Ittiḥād al-Jumhūrīyāt al-‘Arabīyah
1972–1977
Coat of arms
The Federation of Arab Republics in 1972.
Capital Tripoli (Libya)
Cairo (Egypt)
Damascus (Syria)
Languages Arabic
Government Confederal republic
Historical era Cold War
 •  Referenda held 1 September 1971
 •  Federation established 1 January 1972
 •  Disestablished 19 November 1977
Area
 •  1977 Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value).
Population
 •  1977 est. 52,703,600 
     Density Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value).
Currency Libyan dinar
Egyptian pound
Syrian pound
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Egypt
Syria
Libyan Arab Republic
Egypt
Syria 20px
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Today part of  Egypt
 Libya
 Syria

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The Federation of Arab Republics (Arabic: اتحاد الجمهوريات العربية‎‎ Ittiḥād al-Jumhūrīyāt al-‘Arabīyah)[1] was an attempt by Libya's Muammar Gaddafi to merge Libya, Egypt and Syria in order to create a United Arab state. Although approved by a referendum in each country on 1 September 1971,[2] the three countries disagreed on the specific terms of the merger. The federation lasted from 1 January 1972 to 19 November 1977.

It is not to be confused with the United Arab Republic (1958–1961), which was a single sovereign state uniting Egypt and Syria.

Referendums

Three simultaneous referendums on the Federation of Arab Republics were held on 1 September 1971, in Egypt, Libya and Syria.[3] In the Egyptian referendum the proposal was approved by 99.9% of voters,[4] in the Libyan referendum it was approved by 98.6% of voters,[5] whilst in Syria 96.4% voted in favour.[6]

Other Federations of Arab Republics

"Federation of Arab Republics" could refer to five different proposals:

  • Federation between Egypt, Libya and Sudan (1969/70–1971)
  • Federation between Egypt, Libya and Syria (1971/72–1974/77)
  • Union between Egypt and Libya within the Federation (1972–1973/74)
  • Union between Egypt and Syria within the Federation (1976–1977)
  • Federation between Egypt, Sudan and Syria (1977)

  • FAR 1970, Syria intends to join the Egyptian-Libyan-Sudanese Federation

  • FAR 1971, Sudan is said to join later but keeps outside the Federation

  • FAR 1972, Iraq is invited to join the Egyptian-Libyan-Syrian Federation

  • FAR 1973, Egypt and Libya fail to form a Union within the Federation

  • FAR 1976, Egypt and Syria intend to form a Union within the Federation

  • FAR 1977, Sudan intends to join the Egypt-Syrian Federation

See also

References

  1. ↑ The literal translation is "Union of Arab Republics".
  2. ↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p336 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
  3. ↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p336 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
  4. ↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p340 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
  5. ↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p528 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
  6. ↑ Syrien, 1. September 1971 : Bildung der Vereinigten Arabischen Republik Direct Democracy (German)

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