Gazaria (Genoese colonies)

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Gazaria (Crimea)
Colony of Republic of Genoa

 

1266–1475
Location of Crimea
Capital Caffa
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History
 •  Transfer of Caffa from Golden Horde 1266
 •  Conquest by the Ottoman forces 1475
Today part of  Ukraine

 Russia

Gazara (Gazaria is a Russified version of the name; also Cassaria, Cacsarea, Gazaria, Gasaria) is the name given to the Genoese colonies in Crimea and around the Black Sea from the mid-13th century to the late 15th century.

The word is derived from Khazaria, though the Khazars had ceased to rule over the area by that time.

Castles

The colony was officially established with transfer of Caffa by Mangu Khan to the Republic of Genoa, becoming the regional center of the Black Sea colonies. In 1357, Genoeses acquired the colony of Cembalo (today – Balaklava), in 1365 Genoese completely overtook the city of Soldaia (Sudak) from Venetian control.

Crimea

  • Caffa
  • Cembalo
  • Soldaia
  • Vosporo
  • Sarsona
  • Capitanatu Gotia (territory of Theodoro)

West Black Sea

Aside of Crimea, Genoa possessed several castles on the western coast of Black Sea such as the castle of Maurocastro (Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky) in the estuary of Dniester, the castle of Ginestra near Odessa, the castle of Licostomo (Kiliya), the colony of Constanca, the colony of Caladda (upstream of Danube).

Taman peninsula and Tanais

Georgia

Panorama of Soldaia Castle near Sudak

See also

External links


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