General Elections Commission (Indonesia)

General Elections Commission

Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU)
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Agency overview
Formed	1999
Jurisdiction	Indonesia
Headquarters	Jakarta
Agency executives	Husni Kamil Manik, Chair Arif Rahman Hakim, Secretary General
Website	www.kpu.go.id

The General Elections Commission (Indonesian: Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU)) is the body that organises elections in Indonesia. Its responsibilities include deciding which parties can contest elections, organising the voting and announcing the results and seats won in the various branches of the government.

History

Following the fall of President Suharto and the end of Indonesia's authoritarian New Order, as a result of public pressure, President Habibie brought forward the general elections planned for 2002 to 1999. On 1 February the People's Representative Council passed Law No.3/1999 on the General Election, which mandated the establishment of a "free and independent General Elections Commission comprising members of political parties and the government" to oversee the elections. The commission was then established with 53 members and former home affairs minister Rudini as chair. As a result of further public pressure, the government appointed five independent people as its representatives, including noted human rights lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution. Other independent members included former Supreme Court judge Adi Andojo Soetjipto and political commentator Andi Mallarangeng. The 1999 elections were held on 7 June, and were a success thanks to the management of the KPU, although 27 of the 48 parties contesting the election (all but one of which won less than 0.7% of the vote) refused to sign the KPU document reporting the results. The KPU passed the problem on to President Habibie, who declared the results valid on 26 July.

The second incarnation of the KPU was established on 11 April 2001 to organise the 2004 elections, but this time was made up of individuals from academia and NGOs. In 2007 the People's Representative Council (DPR)passed Law No. 22/2007, which stipulated that members of the KPU serve a five-year term. It also stated that members of the KPU would be chosen by a selection committee that together with the president would put forward a list of names to the DPR, which would conduct a fit and proper test. As a result of this process, which lasted from 21 to 30 August 2007, the initial 45 candidates were whittled down to 21, and a vote was taken by the DPR to decide on the final membership. The seven people chosen for the 2007-2012 KPU were members of regional KPUs, academics, researchers and bureaucrats:

• Abdul Hafiz Anshary Az
• Sri Nuryanti
• Endang Sulastri
• I Gusti Putu Artha
• Syamsul Bahri
• Andi Nurpati
• Abdul Aziz

These members, minus Syamsul Bahri, who was facing legal problems, were appointed on 23 October 2007. Andi Nurapti left the KPU in 2010 after becoming an official of the Democratic Party, and was replaced by Saut Hamonangan Sirait.

Current Membership

The 2012-2017 KPU consists of seven members:

• Husni Kamil Manik (chair)(former member of the West Sumatra KPU)
• Ida Budhiati (former chair of the Central Java KPU)
• Sigit Pamungkas (lecturer at Gadjah Mada University)
• Arief Budiman (former member of the East Java KPU)
• Ferry Kurnia Rizkiyansyah(former chair of the West Java KPU)
• Hadar Nafis Gumay (NGO activist and executive director of the Centre for Electoral Reform (CETRO))
• Juri Ardiantoro (former chair of the Jakarta KPU)