Geniohyoid muscle
| Geniohyoid muscle | |
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| File:Geniohyoid muscle.PNG
Anterior view. Geniohyoid muscle labeled at upper center left
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| File:Geniohyoideus.png
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side.
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| Details | |
| Latin | Musculus geniohyoideus |
| Origin | Inferior mental spine of mandible |
| Insertion | Hyoid bone |
| Branches of the lingual artery. | |
| C1 via the hypoglossal nerve | |
| Actions | Carry hyoid bone and the tongue upward during deglutition |
| Identifiers | |
| Dorlands /Elsevier |
m_22/12549193 |
| TA | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 744: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| TH | {{#property:P1694}} |
| TE | {{#property:P1693}} |
| FMA | {{#property:P1402}} |
| Anatomical terms of muscle
[[[d:Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 863: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|edit on Wikidata]]]
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The geniohyoid muscle is a narrow muscle situated superior to the medial border of the mylohyoid muscle. It is named for its passage from the chin ("genio-" is a standard prefix for "chin")[1] to the hyoid bone.
Contents
Structure
It arises from the inferior mental spine, on the back of the mandibular symphysis, and runs backward and slightly downward, to be inserted into the anterior surface of the body of the hyoid bone.[2] :346 It lies in contact with its fellow of the opposite side. It thus belongs to the suprahyoid muscles. The muscle is supplied by branches of the lingual artery.
Innervation
The geniohyoid muscle is innervated by fibres from the first cervical nerve travelling alongside the hypoglossal nerve. [2][3][4] These fibers are called ansa cervicalis.
Variations
It may be blended with the one on opposite side or double; slips to greater cornu of hyoid bone and Genioglossus occur.
Function
The geniohyoid muscle brings the hyoid bone forward and upwards.[2] This dilates the upper airway, assisting respiration.[3] During the first act of deglutition, when the mass of food is being driven from the mouth into the pharynx, the hyoid bone, and with it the tongue, is carried upward and forward by the anterior bellies of the Digastrici, the Mylohyoidei, and Geniohyoidei. It also assists in depressing the mandible
History
The inclined position of the geniohyoid muscle has been contrasted to the horizontal position in neandertals.[5]
Additional images
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Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
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Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx.
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Slide1ss.JPG
Geniohyoid muscle
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Slide4ss.JPG
Geniohyoid muscle
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Slide9ss.JPG
Geniohyoid muscle
See also
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References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ↑ http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/genio-
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- -221249457 at GPnotebook
- Anatomy figure: 34:02-06 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- Anatomy diagram: 25420.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier
- Frontal section
