Gibson County, Indiana

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For the county in Tennessee, see Gibson County, Tennessee.
Gibson County, Indiana
Gibson County Courthouse in Princeton.jpg
The southern face of the current Gibson County Courthouse in Princeton, built in 1884
Map of Indiana highlighting Gibson County
Location in the U.S. state of Indiana
Map of the United States highlighting Indiana
Indiana's location in the U.S.
Founded April 1, 1813
Named for John Gibson
Seat Princeton
Largest city Princeton
Area
 • Total 499.16 sq mi (1,293 km2)
 • Land 487.49 sq mi (1,263 km2)
 • Water 11.68 sq mi (30 km2), 2.34%
Population (est.)
 • (2014) 33,759
 • Density 69/sq mi (26.46/km²)
Congressional district 8th
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5
Website www.gibsoncountyin.org
Footnotes:  
  • Indiana county number 26
  • Seventh largest county in Indiana
  • Seventh oldest county in Indiana

Gibson County is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, the population was 33,503.[1] The county seat is Princeton.[2]

Gibson County is included in the Evansville, Indiana–Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. From 1790 to 1813, this area was part of Knox County, Indiana. The first white settler of what became Gibson County was John Severns, a native of Wales who had come with his parents to North America several years before the Revolutionary War. He settled in Gibson County in 1789-90 on the south bank of the Patoka River at a place now known as Severns Bridge. Another early Gibson County settler was William Hargrove, who came from Kentucky by pack mule in 1803; Captain Hargrove commanded a company of militia from Gibson County at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

Indiana Map of Counties on April 1, 1813.

The Rev. Joseph Milburn, along with his son, Robert Milburn, also arrived in 1803. They settled near Princeton, between the Patoka and White Rivers. The Milburns were from the area of Washington County, Kentucky. Rev. Milburn, a Baptist, established the first church; Robert established the first distillery in Indiana.

In 1805, Jacob Warrick arrived, along with his father-in-law, Thomas Montgomery. They burned out the last Native American village in 1807, chasing the inhabitants into the Illinois Territory. Captain Warrick was killed at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

Gibson and Warrick Counties were organized in 1813 out of Knox County. Gibson County was named for John Gibson, an officer in the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War.[3][4] Gibson was Secretary of the Indiana Territory, serving as acting Governor on two occasions. The two counties of Gibson County and Warrick County, separated by Rector's Base Line, were formed March 9, 1813 and organized on April 1, 1813. Gibson County occupied everything from the Wabash River and from the White River's extension to the Paoli Base Line down the 2d Principal Meridian to the Rector's Base Line. The area south of this line became Warrick County, which covered the area from the 2d Principal Meridian west to the Wabash River and down the Wabash River and with meanders up the Ohio River back to the 2d Principal Meridian (which had previously separated Knox County from Harrison County, Indiana Territory). Orange County, Spencer County, Pike County, Dubois County, and Crawford County all came from the roughly 2,000-square-mile (5,200 km2) area occupied by the original Gibson County, as well as small portions of Lawrence County, Perry County, Posey County, Warrick County, and Vanderburgh County.

When the county was organized, Patoka was initially intended to be the county seat. However, Patoka's low-lying location along the Patoka River gave rise to a malaria epidemic; to avoid this, the commissioners chose to establish a new town, eventually known as Princeton, on higher ground approximately 4 miles (6 km) south. However, although Princeton contends that it was the only county seat, some contend that county records indicate that Owensville was a temporary county seat since Princeton was not even laid out until late 1814, at least a year after Gibson County's organization.

Geography

Wabash Erie Canal near Francisco
Wheeling Covered Bridge

Gibson County is the northern third of the Evansville, Indiana–Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area. Nearly 90% of the county exists within the Ohio River Valley American Viticultural Area along with all of neighboring Posey, Vanderburgh and Warrick counties and a portion of Pike County.[5] Despite being close to Evansville and experiencing a large growth of population in the central areas, Gibson County still remains a largely rural county with half of the ten townships having populations less than 2,000. Less than 7 percent of the county's Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). lies within incorporated settlements, or 10 percent if subdivisions are included.[citation needed]

The western part of the county consists largely of spread-out flood-prone farms with spotty marshes along the Wabash and White Rivers. There are rolling hills around Owensville, and large forest and marshland tracts lie near the Gibson Generating Station and the three river settlements of Crawleyville, East Mount Carmel, and Skelton. The northern part is near the White River and is more given to hills and forest. The eastern part contains many hills and is also dotted with strip pits and active coal mines. The southern part is more given to valley and marshland, drained by the Pigeon Creek which flows south through Evansville.

Even without Interstate 69, the county is within a day's drive of Chicago, Cincinnati, Chattanooga, Columbus, Indianapolis, Louisville, Memphis, Nashville, Springfield, St. Louis, even South Bend, and Fort Wayne despite the lack of freeway connection. There are two major intersections in the southern extremes of the county. One is the intersection of Interstate 64 and US 41. The other is between Interstate 64 and Interstate 69, which will eventually link the county and Evansville to Indianapolis and Memphis and make a day trip to even Detroit possible.

The western half of the Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area lies within Gibson County.

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 499.16 square miles (1,292.8 km2), of which 487.49 square miles (1,262.6 km2) (or 97.66%) is land and 11.68 square miles (30.3 km2) (or 2.34%) is water.[6]

Adjacent counties

Cities

Towns

The Townships of Gibson County

Unincorporated communities

* Baldwin Heights and Northbrook Hills are within the city limits of Princeton.

Townships

Gibson County consists of ten townships:

Two townships, Wabash and Washington, contain no incorporated towns.

Climate and weather

Princeton, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
2.9
 
 
38
21
 
 
3
 
 
44
26
 
 
4.2
 
 
55
35
 
 
4.5
 
 
66
45
 
 
5.1
 
 
76
55
 
 
3.9
 
 
84
64
 
 
3.9
 
 
88
67
 
 
4.1
 
 
86
65
 
 
3.2
 
 
79
58
 
 
3.2
 
 
68
46
 
 
4.4
 
 
54
36
 
 
3.6
 
 
42
26
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[7]

In recent years, average temperatures in Princeton have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 88 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −19 °F (−28 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 113 °F (45 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.90 inches (74 mm) in January to 5.11 inches (130 mm) in May.[7]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1830 6,192 —
1840 6,280 1.4%
1850 6,403 2.0%
1860 7,855 22.7%
1870 7,939 1.1%
1880 8,282 4.3%
1890 11,156 34.7%
1900 11,227 0.6%
1910 13,661 21.7%
1920 18,061 32.2%
1930 19,666 8.9%
1940 23,926 21.7%
1950 27,777 16.1%
1960 28,567 2.8%
1970 28,799 0.8%
1980 29,233 1.5%
1990 30,159 3.2%
2000 32,580 8.0%
2010 33,503 2.8%
Est. 2014 33,759 [8] 0.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
1790-1960[10] 1900-1990[11]
1990-2000[12] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 33,503 people, 13,255 households, and 9,168 families residing in the county.[13] The population density was 68.7 inhabitants per square mile (26.5/km2). There were 14,645 housing units at an average density of 30.0 per square mile (11.6/km2).[6] The racial makeup of the county was 95.5% white, 1.8% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.3% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 28.3% were German, 24.3% were American, 13.1% were Irish, and 11.7% were English.[14]

Of the 13,255 households, 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.8% were non-families, and 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.98. The median age was 39.9 years.[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $61,652. Males had a median income of $43,271 versus $28,424 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,542. About 7.6% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.[15]

Government

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See also: Government of Indiana
Gibson County
Sheriff's Department
Agency overview
Legal personality Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction* County (US) of Gibson in the state of Indiana, United States
Size 499 sq mi
Legal jurisdiction As per operations jurisdiction.
General nature
Operational structure
Agency executive Timothy Bottoms (R), Sheriff
Facilities
Stations 1
Jails 1
Cars 24
Footnotes
* Divisional agency: Division of the country, over which the agency has usual operational jurisdiction.

The county government is a constitutional body granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

The county council is the fiscal branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four-year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, including income and property taxes (which are subject to state-level approval), excise taxes, and service taxes. The Council Members are, George Ankenbrand, Bill McConnell,Tony Wolfe, LeAnn Smith, Craig Pflug, and Jeremy Overton.[16][17]

The Board of Commissioners is the legislative and executive body of the county government. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered four-year terms. One of the commissioners—typically the most senior—serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government. The Commissioners are Steve Bottoms, Gerald Bledsoe, and Alan Douglas.[16][17]

The county maintains two court systems, Circuit Court, with Judge Jeff Mead, presiding and Superior Court, with Judge Earl Penrod, presiding. The judges on the court are elected to a term of six years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[17]

The county has several other elected offices, including Sheriff, Timothy Bottoms; Coroner, Barrett Doyle; Auditor, Sherri Smith; Treasurer, Mary Key; Recorder, Debbie Wethington; Surveyor, Michael Stevenson; Assessor, Juanita Beadle; and Circuit Court Clerk, Becky Woodburn. Each of these elected officers serves a term of four years and oversees a different part of county government. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[17]

Timothy Bottoms was elected sheriff of Gibson County in 2014, becoming the first Republican sheriff since 1982.

Gibson County is part of Indiana's 8th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 48 and 49;[18] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 64, 75 and 76.[19]

Recent disasters

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2004 snowstorm

In the holiday season of 2004, a crippling snowstorm dumped over twice the normal annual snowfall in three days. Accumulations averaged 20 inches in Gibson County, with snow drifts reaching over 4 feet (1.2 m) in spots and some spots of Gibson County receiving as much as 32 inches (0.81 m).[20] Interstate 64 was closed down. The Indiana National Guard was dispatched and local farmers were recruited to assist in emergency services for stranded motorists.

2005 flood

The White River at Hazleton got as high as 31 feet (9.4 m), almost high enough to overtake US 41,[21] while the Wabash River at Mount Carmel, Illinois rose to 33.95 feet (10.35 m).[22] Extreme flooding occurred throughout the county and hundreds of local high school students from many counties assisted the Indiana National Guard in shoring up levees and sandbagging towns. Hazleton was evacuated because its levee was showing signs of fatigue. All of the levees held. By the end of January 2005, the rivers had receded enough to allow people to return to their homes. Over 100 homes were lost in the flood, which was considered the second-worst flood in the area's history (after the Great Flood of 1913).[22]

2008 earthquake

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Main article: 2008 Illinois earthquake

The 2008 Illinois earthquake was one of the largest earthquakes recorded in Illinois, measuring a magnitude of 5.2. It occurred at 4:37:00 a.m. CDT (9:37:00 UTC) on April 18 within the Wabash Valley Seismic Zone at a depth of 11.6 km. It was centered near West Salem, Illinois and Mount Carmel, Illinois, specifically at 38.450° N, 87.890° W.

2008 flood

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Main article: June 2008 Midwest floods

A major flood occurred in June 2008. It was caused by intense rainfall and the source of the flood was entirely upstream.[23] Both the Wabash and White Rivers were severely flooded and nearly all of Gibson County's levees held the flood back, while many levees upstream were failing.[24]

Transportation

Indiana 168 between Owensville and Fort Branch.

County roads

Gibson County has over 1,700 miles (2,700 km) of county roads, one of the largest amounts of county-maintained roads outside of an urban county. Like most Indiana counties, Gibson County uses the Indiana county road system to identify its roads. U.S. Route 41 (a north-south road) and State Road 64 (an east-west road) are near the meridian and division lines for the county, respectively.

Major highways

Little Bridge near east Mount Carmel at the western terminus of SR 64. Also known as "The Little Monster" because of the many accidents there, it, like the main bridge, was built to the width standards of the 1930s. It was replaced by a new bridge in 2010. The grassy area in the foreground is now occupied by the new road and bridge.

Interstate 69

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Main article: Interstate 69 in Indiana

A section of Interstate 69's construction groundbreaking occurred on July 16, 2008, at the Centre in Evansville. This project has its controversy, highlighted by a group of protesters in attendance.

A portion of the first segment opened in late September 2009. [25][26][needs update]

Railroads

Three railroad lines pass through the county. CSX Transportation operates a north-south line, and Norfolk Southern Railway operates an east-west line; they intersect in Princeton. A north-south Indiana Southern Railroad line intersects the Norfolk Southern line at Oakland City.[27]

Sports

Gibson County's association with baseball is far-reaching with known Major League Baseball players and announcers such as Gary Denbo, Dave Niehaus, Eric Campbell, and most notably MLB hall of famer Edd Roush and MLB legend Gil Hodges, the namesake of Gil Hodges Field, a little league field in Princeton.

Gibson County has recently made its mark on the High School scene with two softball titles by Gibson Southern and a double overtime Boys Basketball State Title by Princeton in 2009, completing a 29-0 season. In addition there are three State Runner-Up Titles. All of these titles have been acquired since Gibson Southern's Softball Runner-Up Title in 2001.

State and Runner-Up Titles

Gibson Southern State Titles - AAA Softball (2003, 2005) State Runner-Up Titles - AA Softball (2001), AAA Girls Basketball (2002)

Princeton Community State Title - AAA Boys Basketball (2009)

Wood Memorial State Runner-Up - A Girls Basketball (2007)

Gibson County Toyota Teamwork Classic

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Main article: Gibson County Toyota Teamwork Classic

Since 2000 Eight Gibson County schools and Oakland City University have hosted the Gibson County Toyota Teamwork Classic an 8-team playoff basketball classic tourney in December, sponsored by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana.

The Alan Hopewell Class Invitational

Another even larger sports gathering is the Alan Hopewell Class Invitational. Started by Gibson Southern Coach and Washington, Indiana native Alan Hopewell in 1981 as the Gibson Southern Cross Country Class Invitational, its name was changed in 2008 in his honor. Hopewell, who was very active in the invitational for 28 years until 2008 when he was battling cancer, had to let others run the invitational, Alan Hopwell died a week later in September, 2008. The 2009 Invitational featured 20 Cross Country Teams out of the expected 22 Teams and is the largest Cross Country meet in Southern Indiana, drawing cross-country teams from six of the ten Evansville Schools as well as teams from Illinois and for the first time, Kentucky.[28][29]

2009 Hopewell Class Invitational Participating Schools

(NS) - No Show

Education

Gibson County's three school districts in their HS primary colors.
East Gibson in Green
 North Gibson in Red
South Gibson in Maroon

Gibson County's three municipal school districts

East Gibson School Corporation - Oakland City:

Francisco Elem. School 2010

North Gibson School Corporation - Princeton:

South Gibson School Corporation - Fort Branch:

The eastern wall of Gibson Southern High School, near Fort Branch, Indiana as it looked before 2008. Gibson Southern, which services several nearby towns, underwent extensive renovation from 2008 to 2010.

Private Education

Gibson County's Private Education consists of four Catholic Schools run by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Evansville and one non-Catholic Christian school. Holy Cross, St. James, and Bethel field basketball teams. Enrollment and Grades are in the 1st parentheses.[30] Mascot (I/A) is in 2nd parentheses.

  • Bethel Christian School - Princeton (K3-8:112) (Crusaders)
  • Holy Cross Catholic School - Fort Branch (K-5:111) (Crusaders)
  • St. James Catholic School - St. James/Haubstadt (K-8:185) (Cougars)
  • St. Joseph Catholic School - Princeton (K-5:185)
  • St.s Peter & Paul Catholic School - Haubstadt (K-5:200)

Higher education

Businesses

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana is Princeton's largest employer as well as the Largest employer in the Evansville Area.
Duke Energy's Gibson Generating Station. Although it is the largest coal power plant in the USA, GGS is often still referred to by locals as PSI, in reference to its original and long time owner, Public Service Indiana.

Industry

  • Gibson Generating Station (Coal), Owensville (across IN-64 from East Mount Carmel and across the Wabash River from Mount Carmel, Illinois, 7 miles northwest of Owensville and 10 miles west of Princeton).
  • Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana (TMMI), Princeton (located almost exactly halfway between Princeton and Fort Branch and largely in Union Township but addressed to Princeton.)
  • Hansen Corporation, Princeton (located on the south side)
  • Millennium Steel, Princeton (Located Immediately north of Toyota). Visited by President Barack Obama on October 3, 2014.
  • Vuteq, Princeton (Located at north east corner of Toyota Plant Complex).
  • Gibson County Quality Assurance, Princeton (Located in Gibson County Warehousing Complex— 1 mile (2 km) north of the Toyota Plant). Also has a warehouse complex southeast of the Toyota Plant.
  • Toyota Tsusho, Princeton (Located in Gibson County Warehousing complex— 1 mile (2 km) north of Toyota Plant).
  • Toyota Boshoku Indiana (TBIN), formerly TISA (Total Interior Systems of America), Princeton (Located at north end of the Industrial Park on Gach Road).
  • Peabody Energy, Francisco Mine (Formerly Black Beauty Coal Co.) (Located north of Francisco, IN).
  • Gibson County Coal, Operates a large mine northwest of Princeton, a service mine 7 miles west of Princeton, and is constructing a mine north of Owensville.
  • Norfolk Southern Railway
  • CSX Transportation

Proposed Industry or Industry under construction
Gibson County Coal Mine under construction north of Owensville.
Broadcast media

Newspapers

Websites

Recreation

  • Gibson County Fairgrounds - Princeton - site of Indiana's oldest county fair, started in 1852.[33]
  • Azalea Path Arboretum and Botanical Gardens (Located South of Mt Olympus on the Gibson/Pike County Line)
  • Oakland City New Lake - Oakland City
  • Lafayette Park - Princeton
  • Gil Hodges Field - Princeton
  • Camp Carson YMCA Campground - Princeton
  • Haubstadt Old School Park and Old Gym - Haubstadt
  • Tri-State Speedway - Haubstadt
  • Weather Rock Campground - Warrenton
  • Montgomery Park - Owensville
  • REH Center (Old Owensville Gym) - Owensville
  • Gibson Lake - Owensville
  • Marlette Park - Fort Branch
  • Old Gym - Fort Branch
  • City Park of Fort Branch
  • Gibson Southern High School Grounds - Fort Branch
  • Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area - Francisco and Oakland City
  • Hemmer Woods State Nature Preserve - Southeast of Mackey

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Edocket.access.gpo.gov
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ NWS Paducah, KY
  21. ↑ Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: White River at Hazleton
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: Wabash River at Mount Carmel
  23. ↑ SRH.noaa.gov, Precipitation Analysis Pages.
  24. ↑ Tristate-media.com
  25. ↑ Invitation-only groundbreaking set for I-69 segment : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  26. ↑ Long-awaited I-69 begins : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Hopewell Class Invitational draws area's largest field
  29. ↑ Courierpress.com
  30. ↑ Gibson County Private Schools
  31. ↑ Che.state.in.us
  32. ↑ http://www.vinu.edu/content/business-and-industry-gibson-county-center-advanced-manufacturing-and-logisitics
  33. ↑ The first Indiana State Fair Queen Pageant was held in 1958 when Carol Parks of Montgomery County was crowned

External links

References

  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
 Wabash County, IL Knox County Pike County
White County, IL
Edwards County, IL		 Pike County
  Gibson County  
Posey County Vanderburgh County Warrick County

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