Golden Shell

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The Golden Shell (Spanish: Concha de Oro; Basque: Urrezko Maskorra) is the highest prize given to a competing film at the San Sebastián Film Festival. It was introduced in 1957. In 1953 and 1954, the highest prize had been called the Gran Premio. In 1955 and 1956 it was replaced by the Silver Shell. Five directors have won the Golden Shell twice: American director Francis Ford Coppola (in 1969 & 1984), Spanish director Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (in 1982 & 1986), Mexican director Arturo Ripstein (in 1993 & 2000), Iranian director Bahman Ghobadi (in 2004 & 2006) and Spanish director Imanol Uribe (in 1994 & 1996).

Award winners

Year	Film	Director	Country
1953	La Guerra de Dios	Rafael Gil	Spain*
1954	Sierra maldita	Antonio del Amo	Spain
1955	Giorni d'amore	Giuseppe de Santis	Italy
1956	Il ferroviere	Pietro Germi	Italy*
1957	Oh! Sabella (La nonna Sabella)	Dino Risi	Italy
1958	Ewa chce spac	Tadeusz Chmielewski	Poland*
1959	The Nun's Story	Fred Zinnemann	United States*
1960	Romeo, Juliet and Darkness	Jiri Weiss	Czechoslovakia*
1961	One-Eyed Jacks	Marlon Brando	United States
1962	Arturo's Island (L’isola di Arturo)	Damiano Damiani	Italy
1963	Mafioso	Alberto Lattuada	Italy
1964	America, America	Elia Kazan	United States
1965	Golden Queen (Zlatá reneta) Mirage (tie)	Otakar Vávra Edward Dmytryk	Czechoslovakia United States
1966	I Was Happy Here	Desmond Davis	United Kingdom
1967	Two for the Road	Stanley Donen	United States
1968	The Long Day’s Dying	Peter Collinson	United Kingdom
1969	The Rain People	Francis Ford Coppola	United States
1970	Dead of Summer (Ondata di calore)	Nelo Risi	Italy
1971	Claire's Knee (Le genou de Claire)	Eric Rohmer	France*
1972	The Glass House	Tom Gries	United States
1973	The Spirit of the Beehive (El espíritu de la colmena)	Víctor Erice	Spain
1974	Badlands	Terrence Malick	United States
1975	Poachers (Furtivos)	José Luis Borau	Spain
1976	Queen of the Gypsies (Tabor ujodit v niebo)	Emil Loteanu	Soviet Union*
1977	An Unfinished Piece for a Player Piano (Neokonchennaya pyesa dlya mekhanicheskogo pianino)	Nikita Mikhalkov	Soviet Union
1978	The Illegal (Alambrista!)	Robert M. Young	United States
1979	Autumn Marathon (Ossenij marafon)	Georgi Daneliya	Soviet Union
1980	Dyrygent	Andrzej Wajda	Poland
1981	Storie di ordinaria follia	Marco Ferreri	Italy
1982	Demons in the Garden (Demonios en el jardín)	Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón	Spain
1983	Between Us (Coup de foudre)	Diane Kurys	France
1984	Rumble Fish	Francis Ford Coppola	United States
1985	Yesterday	Radoslaw Piwowarski	Poland
1986	Half of Heaven (La mitad del cielo)	Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón	Spain
1987	Wedding in Galilee (Urs al-jalil)	Michel Khleifi	Belgium* - France - Israel*
1988	On the Black Hill	Andrew Grieve	United Kingdom
1989	Homer and Eddie La nación clandestina (tie)	Andrei Konchalovski Jorge Sanjinés	United States Bolivia*
1990	Letters from Alou (Las cartas de Alou)	Montxo Armendáriz	Spain
1991	Butterfly Wings (Alas de Mariposa)	Juanma Bajo Ulloa	Spain
1992	A Place in the World (Un lugar en el mundo)	Adolfo Aristarain	Argentina*
1993	The Beginning and the End (Principio y fin) Sara	Arturo Ripstein Dariush Mehrjui	Mexico* Iran*
1994	Running Out of Time (Días contados)	Imanol Uribe	Spain
1995	Margaret's Museum	Mort Ransen	Canada* - United Kingdom
1996	Bwana Trojan Eddie (tie)	Imanol Uribe Gillies Mackinnon	Spain Ireland*
1997	The Swindle (Rien ne va plus)	Claude Chabrol	France
1998	Wind with the Gone (El viento se llevó lo qué)	Alejandro Agresti	Argentina - France - Netherlands* - Spain
1999	C'est quoi la vie?	François Dupeyron	France
2000	The Ruination of Men (La perdición de los hombres)	Arturo Ripstein	Mexico - Spain
2001	A Cab for Three (Taxi para tres)	Orlando Lübbert	Chile*
2002	Mondays in the Sun (Los lunes al sol)	Fernando León de Aranoa	Spain - France - Italy
2003	Gun-shy (Schussangst)	Dito Tsintsadze	Germany*
2004	Turtles Can Fly (Lakposhtha parvaz mikonand)	Bahman Ghobadi	Iran - Iraq*
2005	Something Like Happiness (Štěstí)	Bohdan Sláma	Czech Republic*
2006	Half Moon (Niwemang) Mon fils à moi (tie)	Bahman Ghobadi Martial Fougeron	Iran France
2007	A Thousand Years of Good Prayers	Wayne Wang	United States
2008	Pandora's Box (Pandora'nın kutusu)	Yeşim Ustaoğlu	Turkey* - Belgium - France - Germany
2009	City of Life and Death (Nánjīng! Nánjīng!)	Lu Chuan	China*
2010	Neds	Peter Mullan	United Kingdom - France - Italy
2011	Los pasos dobles	Isaki Lacuesta	Spain - Switzerland
2012	In the House (Dans la maison)	François Ozon	France
2013	Bad Hair (Pelo Malo)	Mariana Rondón	Venezuela*-Peru*-Germany
2014	Magical Girl	Carlos Vermut	Spain
2015	Sparrows (Þrestir)	Rúnar Rúnarsson	Denmark*-Iceland*

*_{denotes first win for a nation}

External links

• (Spanish) (Basque) (English)
• San Sebastián International Film Festival at the Internet Movie Database