Handa, Scotland

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Not to be confused with Sanda Island or Sanday (disambiguation).
Handa
Gaelic name Eilean Shannda
Norse name Sandey
Meaning of name Island at the sandy river[1]
Location
Handa shown within Sutherland
OS grid reference NC138480
Physical geography
Island group Inner Hebrides/Islands of Sutherland
Area 309 hectares (1.19 sq mi)
Area rank 87= [2]
Highest elevation Sithean Mòr 123 m (404 ft)
Political geography
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Country Scotland
Demographics
Population 0
Lymphad3.svg
References [3][4][5]

Handa (Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Shannda) is an island off the west coast of Sutherland, Scotland. It is 309 hectares (1.19 sq mi) and 123 metres (404 ft) at its highest point.

A small ferry sails to Handa from Tarbet on the mainland and boat trips operate to it from Fanagmore.

It is a Scottish Wildlife Trust nature reserve.

Geography and geology

The island is composed of Torridonian red sandstone[4] and surrounded by cliffs covered with birds.

A small sea stack on Handa
File:Handaquinag.jpg
Quinag and Scourie across the Sound of Handa

In the north is a hill with two peaks, with the south and east being lower lying. The north and west have 100 metres (328 ft) high cliffs, and there are beaches in the south and east. The Sound of Handa separates it from the mainland and smaller islands around Handa include Glas-Leac to the south, Eilean an Aigeach to the north east and Stac an t-Sealbhaig to the north.

Handa is part of the North-West Sutherland National Scenic Area, one of 40 in Scotland.[6]

History

The island's name is of mixed Gaelic and Norse origin and means "island at the sandy river".[1]

Anciently the island was used as a burial place, and there are still the remains of a chapel in the south east, commemorated in the name Tràigh an Teampaill (Beach of the Temple).

It had a population of 65 in 1841, but in 1848 potato famine forced the inhabitants to emigrate. In some ways this is surprising, since it is recorded that the islanders had a fairly varied diet including oats, fish and seabirds, rather than depending heavily on a potato crop. The islanders had a parliament, similar to that of St Kilda, which met daily, and the oldest widow on the island was considered its "Queen".[4]

At one time, wolves dug up graves so frequently that the inhabitants of Eddrachillis resorted to burying their dead on Handa.[7]

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On Ederachillis’ shore
The grey wolf lies in wait,—
Woe to the broken door,
Woe to the loosened gate,
And the groping wretch whom sleety fogs
On the trackless moor belate.
Thus every grave we dug
The hungry wolf uptore,
And every morn the sod
Was strewn with bones and gore:
Our mother-earth had denied us rest
On Ederchaillis’ shore
— The Book of Highland Minstrelsy, 1846[8]

The Great Stack of Handa was first climbed from the sea on 1 August 1969 by Graeme Hunter, Hamish MacInnes & Douglas Lang.[9]

The island is now part of the Scourie Estate, owned by Dr Jean Balfour and J.C. Balfour[10] and managed by the Scottish Wildlife Trust with a population of just one warden and a handful of volunteers[11] during the summer months.

Wildlife

Handa is noted for its birdlife, which includes puffins, razorbills and guillemots.

The island is an SSSI, and was leased to the RSPB originally for 25 years. However the Balfours did not renew the lease, because they wished a Scottish-based body to run the island; as a result the Scottish Wildlife Trust took it over. Despite being a reserve, the island receives five thousand visitors per annum.[4]

  • Klippen von Handa Island.JPG

    Cliff with breading guillemots

  • Dreizehenmöwe (Rissa tridactyla) bei Brutfütterung02.jpg

    Black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) feeding their breet

  • Papageitaucher (Fratercula arctica) auf Handa Island.jpg

    Puffin (Fratercula arctica) at Handa Island

  • Great skua (Stercorarius skua) at Handa Island

  • Brutschutzgebiet Handa Island.jpg

    Sign for the protection area for breeding birds

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mac an Tàilleir, Iain (2003) Ainmean-àite/Placenames. (pdf) Pàrlamaid na h-Alba. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  2. ↑ Area and population ranks: there are c. 300 islands >20ha in extent and 93 permanently inhabited islands were listed in the 2011 census.
  3. ↑ General Register Office for Scotland (28 November 2003) Scotland's Census 2001 – Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Ordnance Survey
  6. ↑ "National Scenic Areas". SNH. Retrieved 30 Mar 2011.
  7. ↑ Wildlife in Britain and Ireland by Richard Perry, published by Taylor and Francis, 1978
  8. ↑ Ogilvy, Eliza Ann H. (1846) The Book of Highland Minstrelsy. G.W. Nickisson. pp. 256-58
  9. ↑ "Doug Lang". The Herald. (18 May 2011) Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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