Hup language
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| Hup | |
|---|---|
| Hupdë | |
| Pronunciation | [húpʔɨ̌d] |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Ethnicity | Hupd'ëh, Yohup |
|
Native speakers
|
1,700 (2006–2007)[1] |
|
Nadahup
|
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either: jup – Hup yab – Yuhup (Yahup) |
| Glottolog | hupy1235[2] |
The Hup language (also called Hupdë,[3] Hupdá, Hupdé, Hupdá Makú, Jupdá, Macú, Makú-Hupdá, Macú De, Hupda, and Jupde) is one of the four Nadahup languages. It is spoken by the Hupda and Yohup, indigenous Amazonian peoples who live in Brazil and Colombia. There are at least three main dialects of Hupdë, of which Yohup (Yuhupde, Yahup) is so distinct that native speakers report limited mutual intelligibility.[4] Hupdë is considered an inferior language by the neighbouring peoples of the Hupda. This has led to all adult Hupda becoming bilingual, speaking both Hupdë and Tucanoan. The bilingualism is one-sided, however, as native speakers of Tucanoan do not believe Hupdë to be a language worth learning.[5] Hupdë is a nominative–accusative language,[6] with a highly developed evidentiality system.[7]
Phonology
Consonants
Hup has glottalized consonants of both stops and approximants which can be seen in the chart below.[8]This language also has nasal allophones of the voiced stops.[8]
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glottalized Stop | b' | d' | j' | g' | |
| Unvoiced Stop | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Voiced Stop | b | d | j | g | |
| Fricative | ç | h | |||
| Glottalized Approximant | w' | y' | |||
| Approximant | w | y |
Vowels
While this language has nasal vowels, as well, they are not contrastive with the oral counterparts.[8]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | æ | a | ɔ |
References
- ↑ Hup at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Yuhup (Yahup) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) - ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The letter ë stands for [ə].
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Epps, Patience (2005). Areal diffusion and the development of evidentiality: Evidence from Hup. Studies in Language, 29:617-650.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Patience Epps (2008) A Grammar of Hup. Mouton de Gruyter.
- Moore, Barbara J.; Franklin, Gail L. Breves notícias da língua Maku-Hupda. Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1979 [1]
External links
- Hup Vocabulary List (from the World Loanword Database)
- Hup basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
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