Identity and Democracy

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This article is about the European Parliament group. For the political party of the same name, see Identity and Democracy Party.
Identity and Democracy
European parliamentary group
200px
Name Identity and Democracy
English abbr. ID
Formal name Identity and Democracy Group
Ideology Nationalism[1]
Right-wing populism[2]
Anti-immigration[1]
Euroscepticism[1]
Factions:
Identitarianism[3]
European parties Identity and Democracy Party
From 13 June 2019
Preceded by Europe of Nations and Freedom
Chaired by Marco Zanni
MEP(s)
64 / 705
Website www.idgroup.eu

Identity and Democracy (French: Identité et démocratie, ID) is a right-wing[4][5][6] to far-right[7][8][9] political group of the European Parliament, launched on 13 June 2019 for the Ninth European Parliament term. It is composed of nationalist, right-wing populist and eurosceptic national parties from ten European nations. It is the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom group formed during the eighth term.

History

In April 2019, the Danish People's Party and the Finns Party (at the time members of the European Conservatives and Reformists) announced their intention to form a new grouping with Alternative for Germany, formerly of the ECR, ENF and EFDD groups, and Italy's League following the 2019 elections.[10] AfD spokesman Jörg Meuthen appeared alongside Northern League leader Matteo Salvini to formally announce the formation of the new European political alliance with the Finns Party and Danish People's Party which was provisionally named European Alliance for People and Nations.[11]

On 12 June 2019, it was announced that the group would be named "Identity and Democracy" (ID), include Italy's League (LSP), the French National Rally (RN) and Alternative for Germany as member parties, and be a successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF).[12] The Finns Party also joined the group.[13] Lega MEP Marco Zanni was announced as the new group's chairman.[14] The group, composed at that time of 73 MEPs, was launched in Brussels by RN leader Marine Le Pen on 13 June 2019. It was expanded to include former ENF members Vlaams Belang and the Freedom Party of Austria, as well the new Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) party from the Czech Republic and the Conservative People's Party of Estonia.[9][8]

The Dutch Party for Freedom (PVV) failed to secure any seats at the election; however, it gained one in the post-Brexit apportionment of seats. Before Brexit occurred, Party leader Geert Wilders stated his intention to align the PVV with ID, provided that the post-Brexit apportionment was confirmed by the European Council.[15][16] PVV MEP Marcel de Graaff subsequently took the seat, but in 2022 defected to the Forum for Democracy, citing his support for the FvD's policies against the COVID-19 vaccine. The FvD accordingly changed it affiliation from the ECR group to Identity and Democracy.

Ideology

The group lists its core priorities as protecting European cultural heritage and the sovereignty of European nations, creating jobs and growth, increasing security, stopping illegal immigration, regulating legal immigration, fighting EU bureaucracy and preventing what it describes as the potential Islamisation of Europe. Identity and Democracy also opposes the possible accession of Turkey to the European Union.[17] The group calls for a Europe based on cooperation and further reforms of the EU through "more transparency and accountability" at Brussels, but rejects any further evolution towards a European Superstate.[18] Political commentators have variously described Identity and Democracy as nationalist, right-wing populist and Eurosceptic, although the group emphasises itself as sovereigntist as opposed to "anti-European".[2]

Group members

File:Identity and Democracy 2020 European MEPs.svg
Identity and Democracy has MEPs in 10 member states. Dark blue indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light blue indicates member states sending a single MEP.

9th European Parliament

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Main article: List of members of the European Parliament (2019–2024)
State National party European party MEPs[19]
 Austria Freedom Party of Austria
Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ)		 ID Party
3 / 19
 Belgium Flemish Interest
Vlaams Belang (VB)		 ID Party
3 / 21
 Czech Republic Freedom and Direct Democracy
Svoboda a přímá demokracie (SPD)		 ID Party
2 / 21
 Denmark Danish People's Party
Dansk Folkeparti (DF)		 None
1 / 14
 Estonia Conservative People's Party of Estonia
Eesti Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond (EKRE)		 ID Party
1 / 7
 Finland Finns Party
Perussuomalaiset (PS)		 None
2 / 14
 France National Rally
Rassemblement national (RN)		 ID Party
18 / 79
 Germany Alternative for Germany
Alternative für Deutschland (AfD)		 None
9 / 96
 Italy League
Lega		 ID Party
25 / 76
 European Union Total
64 / 705

References

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  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ap
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named reuters
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  18. ↑ https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/kantodev/pages/102/attachments/original/1582196570/EN_Statutes_of_the_ID_Group.pdf?1582196570[bare URL PDF]
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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