John C. Austin
| John C. Austin | |
|---|---|
| File:John C. Austin.jpg | |
| Born | February 13, 1870 Bodicote, Oxfordshire, England |
| Died | September 3, 1963 Pasadena, California |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Buildings | Griffith Observatory Los Angeles City Hall Shrine Auditorium Hollywood Masonic Temple |
John Corneby Wilson Austin (February 13, 1870 – September 3, 1963) was an architect and civic leader who participated in the design of several landmark buildings in Southern California, including the Griffith Observatory, Los Angeles City Hall, and the Shrine Auditorium.
Life
Born in Bodicote, Oxfordshire, England, Austin was an apprentice to architect Williams S. Barwick in the late 1880s.[1] He moved to the United States and worked as a draftsman for architect Benjamin Linfoot of Philadelphia from 1891–1892, before relocating to San Francisco where he was a draftsman at Mooser and Devlin from 1892-1895.[1] He moved to Los Angeles in 1895,[2] and became one of the city's leading architects.
Austin was also active in civic affairs in Los Angeles. He was elected President of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce in January 1930.[3] As head of the Chamber of Commerce, Austin initiated a public-art campaign to beautify the city through the erection of statuary and monuments.[4] One of the issues on which Austin became a leader was the need to develop a larger water system for Los Angeles.[3] He spoke publicly and was an advocate in the business community in favor of a 1930 bond issue to raise $38.8 million to develop the city's water supply.[5]
As the Great Depression deepened in Los Angeles, Austin also advocated federal spending as a means to stimulate the economy. In April 1930, a letter from Austin to Pres. Herbert Hoover was published in the Los Angeles Times. In it, Austin proposed the creation of an emergency fund, raised by taxation or appropriation, which could be used to develop public improvements and to provide needed employment.[6] Austin argued that such programs were needed so that otherwise good citizens not fall "prey to the propaganda of Communists and agitators against our institutions."[6] In January 1931, after expressing concern that "we are just drifting along in this matter," Austin traveled to Washington, D.C. to press for federal construction projects in Los Angeles.[7] Austin announced that he was going east "with a crowbar to try and pry something loose," vowing to stay as long as he felt he could help get things started.[7] Later that year, Pres. Hoover appointed Austin to coordinate the federal government's unemployment relief efforts in ten Southern California counties.[8][9] Shortly after his appointment to the relief effort, however, Austin's wife of 29 years, Hilda Violet Austin, the mother of nine children with Austin, died at their home in Pasadena.[10]
Austin also served as the President of the State Board of Architectural Examiners,[10] a member of the National Labor Board responsible for labor disputes in Southern California,[11] President of the Southern California Historical Society, President of the Jonathan Club, and a 32nd degree Mason.[2] In 1949, the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce presented Austin with its first ever Achievement Award.[12] In 1963, Los Angeles Mayor Samuel Yorty presented Austin with a scroll commending him "for serving in an outstanding manner as a distinguished architect."[2]
Austin died in 1963 at his home in Pasadena, California.[2]
Work
Austin's work as an architect includes:
- Fremont Hotel, Los Angeles (1902), 100 room hotel
- Potter Hotel, a five-story, 600-room resort hotel, Santa Barbara, California, 1902-1903 (burned 1921)
- Virginia Hotel, Long Beach, California, 1907, razed circa 1935
- The Carnegie Library in Anaheim, 1909, now the home of the Anaheim Museum.[13]
- Hollywood Masonic Temple, Hollywood Boulevard, directly across the street from Grauman's Chinese Theater, 1921, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985
- Guaranty Building, Hollywood, 1923
- Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles, the headquarters of the Al Malaikah Temple, a division of the Shriners, 1925-1926. When opened, the Los Angeles Times called it a "Triumph of Art" and credited the Moorish style architecture to Austin as the man "who drew plans and specifications for the group of magnificent structures."[14] The Academy Awards have been held at the Shrine on ten occasions. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
- Los Angeles City Hall, 1928. Along with John Parkinson and Albert C. Martin, Sr., Martin was hired to design what has become the most recognized building in Los Angeles. The selection of an architect for the city hall led to fierce competition among the city's leading architects. The City Council selected the firm of Curlett and Beelman, but the Board of Public Works chose Martin, Parkinson, and Austin.[15] Controversy continued when the architects turned in drawings for 28-story tower to house a municipal government that could adequately fit into the first four floors.[16] The city ultimately accepted the tower plan, and in March 1928 the Board of Public Works passed a resolution commending the architects "for the eminently satisfactory and beautiful design of the monumental building."[17]
- Monrovia High School, Monrovia, California, 1928
- Memorial Branch Library, Los Angeles, 1930. This Gothic Revival library building includes a large heraldic work of stained glass created by artists at Judson Studios. The building was dedicated to the memory of Los Angeles high school students who died in World War I. Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
- Griffith Observatory, Griffith Park, 1933-1935[2][18]
- NBC Radio City Studios, Hollywood and Vine, 1938-1939 (razed)
- St. Vincent's Hospital
- Los Angeles Hall of Justice - While with Allied Architects, Austin also worked on the Hall of Justice building. It is the oldest building in the Los Angeles Civic Center and was the site of the trials of Charles Manson and Sirhan Sirhan. It has been vacant since 1994.[1][19]
- St. Paul's Catholic Church.[2]
- The first State Building in the Los Angeles Civic Center.[2]
- Los Angeles High School (3rd location), 4650 Olympic Blvd, Los Angeles, 1917-1971[20] (razed May 1971)
References
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- ↑ Architect and Engineer, 1917, Volumes 48-51 (pages 70-71) https://books.google.com/books?id=p7saAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=los%20angeles%20high%20school&f=false
