Judenburg

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Not to be confused with Jüdenberg.
Judenburg
View from southwest
View from southwest
Coat of arms of Judenburg
Coat of arms
Judenburg is located in Austria
Judenburg
Judenburg
Location within Austria
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Country Austria
State Styria
District Murtal
Government
 • Mayor Hannes Dolleschall (SPÖ)
Area
 • Total 13.22 km2 (5.10 sq mi)
Elevation 737 m (2,418 ft)
Population (1 January 2014)[1]
 • Total 9,191
 • Density 700/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 8750
Area code 03572
Vehicle registration MT
Website www.judenburg.at

Judenburg is a historic town in Styria, Austria. Since 1 January 2012, it is the administrative centre of the newly established Murtal district. It has previously been the capital of the Judenburg District.

Geography

It is located in the Upper Styrian region, on the western end of the Aichfeld basin, stretching along the Mur River from Judenburg down to Knittelfeld in the east. The broad valley is bound by the Niedere Tauern range in the north and the Noric Alps (Lavanttal Alps) in the south.

The municipal area also comprises the cadastral communities of Tiefenbach and Waltersdorf, a former municipality incorporated in 1963.

History

City Tower

Archaeological findings indicate that the area was settled at least since the days of the Celtic kingdom of Noricum. Judenburg itself was first mentioned in a 1074 staple right deed as mercatum Judinburch, a market town within the estates of Eppenstein Castle, the ancestral seat of the Bavarian Eppensteiner noble family, who ruled as Styrian margraves in the 11th century. The name literally means "Jews' Castle", referring to the town's origin as a trading outpost on the route from the Mur Valley across the Obdacher Sattel mountain pass to Carinthia, in which Jews played an important role, being represented in the city's coat of arms.

Upon the extinction of the Eppensteiner dynasty in 1122, the estates passed to the Styrian Otakars and in 1192 to the House of Babenberg, Dukes of Austria since 1156. Judenburg received town privileges in 1224 and the right to collect tolls in 1277. The town grew to an important commercial centre for iron ore mined at nearby Eisenerz, but also for valeriana celtica used in perfumes during the 13th and 14th century. Judenburg was even granted a valeriana trade monopoly by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III in 1460. After several pogroms, all Jews were expelled from the Duchy of Styria by order of Emperor Maximilian I in 1496. Following his breakthrough in Italy, General Napoléon Bonaparte made his headquarters at Judenburg and it was there, on the night of 7–8 April 1796, that he signed the Truce of Judenburg with the Austrians.

In the beginning of the 20th century, the town was one of the centres of Austria's steel industry and also a garrison town of the Austro-Hungarian Army. From 1910 to 1914 one of the first trolleybusses in Austria connected Judenburg station with the town's centre. Today, only minor aspects of the former industry are left, but Judenburg remains an industrial and trade centre. In May 1918 town was site of failed military mutiny.

Judenburg became part of the Third Reich after the Austrian Anschluss with Germany in 1938. During the Second World War, a subcamp of Mauthausen concentration camp was located nearby,[2] where a displaced persons' reception centre was established after the war. Judenburg was also one of several towns that saw the handover of Cossacks to the Red Army.

Politics

Town hall

Seats in the municipal assembly (Gemeinderat) as of 2010 elections:

International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Austria

Twin towns - Sister cities

Judenburg is a member of the Douzelage, a unique town twinning association of 24 towns across the European Union. This active town twinning began in 1991 and there are regular events, such as a produce market from each of the other countries and festivals.[3][4] Discussions regarding membership are also in hand with three further towns (Agros in Cyprus, Škofja Loka in Slovenia, and Tryavna in Bulgaria).

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4

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ Statistik Austria - Bevölkerung zu Jahres- und Quartalsanfang, 2014-01-01.
  2. ↑ Christine O'Keefe.Concentration Camps.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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