Keith Runcorn

Keith Runcorn
Born	19 November 1922 Southport, Lancashire
Died	5 December 1995 San Diego, California
Nationality	United Kingdom
Fields	plate tectonics; paleomagnetism
Institutions	University of Cambridge, University of Manchester, Newcastle University, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Alma mater	Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge, University of Manchester
Doctoral advisor	Patrick Blackett
Doctoral students	numerous: see body of article
Known for	reestablishing viability of the theory of continental drift; discoveries in planetary magnetism
Influences	Patrick Blackett
Influenced	two generations of earth scientists
Notable awards	Fellow of the Royal Society The Chree Medal and Prize (1969) Vetlesen Prize (1970) RAS Gold Medal (1984)

Stanley Keith Runcorn FRS (19 November 1922 – 5 December 1995) was a British physicist whose paleomagnetic reconstruction of the relative motions of Europe and America revived the theory of continental drift and was a major contribution to plate tectonics.

Biography

He was born in Southport, Lancashire and graduated in engineering from the University of Cambridge in 1942.

After a period in radar research during the World War II, he joined the Physics Department at the University of Manchester where he did research on aspects of the Earth's magnetic field, taking his Ph.D. under Patrick Blackett in 1949. This led to his interest in palaeomagnetism, the study of the magnetism of rocks, which he pursued first at the Geophysics Department at the University of Cambridge and later at Newcastle University, where he was appointed to the chair of Physics in 1956. At Newcastle Runcorn developed a strong research group in geophysics, and made substantial contributions to various fields, including convection in the Earth and Moon, the shape and magnetic fields of the Moon and planets, magnetohydrodynamics of the Earth's core, changes in the length of the day, polar wandering, continental drift and plate tectonics.

Runcorn received many honours, including Fellowship of the Royal Society in 1965, the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) and the Fleming medal of the American Geophysical Union. He was also a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science. He served as the Sydney Chapman Endowed Chair in Physical Sciences at the University of Alaska from 1989 to 1995. After his retirement in 1988 he continued to be active in various lines of research until his untimely death in San Diego in 1995. In 2007 the RAS named an award – for the year's best PhD thesis in geophysics – the 'Keith Runcorn Prize' in his honour.

Circumstances of Death

Runcorn was murdered in his hotel room in San Diego during a lecture trip to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Police found that he had been strangled and found evidence of injuries to the head. Paul Cain, a professional kick-boxer, was later convicted and sentenced to a term of at least 25 years. Prosecutors argued that Cain killed Runcorn after stealing his wallet and credit cards, having targeted him as an elderly gay man and therefore easy victim. Cain was tried three times in all. The first trial ended with a deadlocked jury; the second with a conviction that was overturned on appeal, on grounds that testimony from Cain's two previous wives as to his violent temper should not have been admitted in evidence.

Publications

Edited books

• Continental drift (1962), S.K. Runcorn.
• International dictionary of geophysics : seismology, geomagnetism, aeronomy, oceanography, geodesy, gravity, marine geophysics, meteorology, the earth as a planet and its evolution (1967), ed.
• Methods in palaeomagnetism: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Palaeomagnetic Methods (1967), edited by D.W. Collinson, K.M. Creer, S.K. Runcorn
• Earth Sciences (1971), S.K. Runcorn
• Implications of continental drift to the earth sciences (1973) NATO Advanced Study Institute, D.H. Tarling and S.K. Runcorn
• Mechanisms of continental drift and plate tectonics (1980) edited by P. A. Davies and S. K. Runcorn
• Magnetism, planetary rotation, and convection in the solar system : retrospect and prospect : in honour of Prof. S.K. Runcorn (1985) edited by W. O'Reilly, S. K. Runcorn

See also

• Geomagnetism – Wikipedia book
• List of geophysicists

External links

• Biography - Newcastle
• UAF Sydney Chapman Endowed Chair in Physical Sciences