Kherson

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For the Greek colony, see Chersonesus (Crimea).
Kherson
Херсон
Херсон-коллаж1.jpg
Flag of Kherson
Flag		 Coat of arms of Kherson
Coat of arms
Kherson is located in Ukraine
Kherson
Kherson
Location of Kherson
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country
Oblast
Municipality
City Rayons		  Ukraine
 Kherson Oblast
Kherson City
Dneprovski rayon
Suvorovski rayon
Komsomolski rayon
Founded 18 June 1778
Government
 • Mayor Volodymyr Mykolayenko (Independent)[1]
Area
 • Total 135.7 km2 (52.4 sq mi)
Elevation 46,6 m (1,529 ft)
Population (2015)
 • Total 333,737[2]
Postal code 73000
Area code(s) +380 552
Website www.city.kherson.ua
Kherson Town hall, now city art museum
Kherson Musical school
St. Catherine's Cathedral, Kherson

Kherson (Ukrainian: Херсо́н; Russian: Херсо́н) is a city in southern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Kherson Oblast (province), and is designated as its own separate raion (district) within the oblast. Kherson is an important port on the Black Sea and Dnieper River, and the home of a major ship-building industry. Estimated population as of 2007 was 329,000.

Since the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, Kherson also houses the office of Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea headed by Nataliya Popovych.[3]

History

Until 1774, the region belonged to the Crimean Khanate.

Kherson was founded in 1778 by Grigori Aleksandrovich Potemkin, on the orders of Catherine the Great. The city was built under the supervision of General Ivan Gannibal on the site of a small fortress called Aleksanderschanz. The name Kherson is a contraction of Chersonesos, an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea. One of the first buildings in the Kherson Fort was the Church of St. Catherine where Potemkin was eventually buried. The last tarpan was caught near Kherson in 1866.[citation needed] During World War II, Kherson was occupied by the German Army from 21 August 1941 to 13 March 1944. During the Ukainian revolution of 2014 the city whas the scene of riots against president Yanukovich during which the main Lenin statue of the city was toppled by protesters. After the revolution the city became relatively calm.

  • Imperial coat of arms

  • Soviet coat of arms

  • Early Ukrainian coat of arms

Languages

Languages 1897[4] 2001[5]
Ukrainian 19.6% 53.4%
Russian 47.2% 45.3%
Jewish 29.1%
Polish 1.7%
German 0.7%

Demographics

As of Ukrainian National Census (2001), the ethnic groups living within Kherson are:

The ethnic groups living within Kherson as of the 1926 Census:

Population

Year Population
1790 24,000
1926 58,000
1939 97,000
1959 158,000
1981 361,000
2004 354,000
2007 329,000

Administrative divisions

There are three city raions. Two of them still carry mark of a colonial city of Russia.[citation needed]

Climate

Climate data for Kherson
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.2
(59.4)		 18.6
(65.5)		 22.7
(72.9)		 32.0
(89.6)		 37.7
(99.9)		 39.5
(103.1)		 40.5
(104.9)		 40.7
(105.3)		 33.3
(91.9)		 32.0
(89.6)		 21.8
(71.2)		 16.5
(61.7)		 40.7
(105.3)
Average high °C (°F) 1.4
(34.5)		 2.3
(36.1)		 7.7
(45.9)		 15.7
(60.3)		 22.3
(72.1)		 26.4
(79.5)		 29.2
(84.6)		 28.9
(84)		 22.8
(73)		 15.6
(60.1)		 7.7
(45.9)		 2.8
(37)		 15.2
(59.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.7
(28.9)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 3.2
(37.8)		 10.1
(50.2)		 16.1
(61)		 20.4
(68.7)		 22.9
(73.2)		 22.3
(72.1)		 16.7
(62.1)		 10.4
(50.7)		 4.1
(39.4)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 10.3
(50.5)
Average low °C (°F) −4.5
(23.9)		 −4.5
(23.9)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 4.9
(40.8)		 10.1
(50.2)		 14.6
(58.3)		 16.8
(62.2)		 16.0
(60.8)		 11.3
(52.3)		 5.9
(42.6)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −2.8
(27)		 5.7
(42.3)
Record low °C (°F) −26.3
(−15.3)		 −24.4
(−11.9)		 −20.2
(−4.4)		 −7.9
(17.8)		 −1.5
(29.3)		 5.8
(42.4)		 9.2
(48.6)		 6.6
(43.9)		 −5.0
(23)		 −7.6
(18.3)		 −16.2
(2.8)		 −22.2
(−8)		 −26.3
(−15.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 29
(1.14)		 30
(1.18)		 29
(1.14)		 32
(1.26)		 40
(1.57)		 52
(2.05)		 44
(1.73)		 35
(1.38)		 42
(1.65)		 32
(1.26)		 38
(1.5)		 33
(1.3)		 436
(17.17)
Average rainy days 9 7 9 12 11 11 9 6 9 9 12 10 114
Average snowy days 11 10 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 4 8 39
Average relative humidity (%) 86 83 78 69 66 66 63 62 69 77 85 87 74
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[6]

Transport

Kherson Railway Station

Air

Kherson is served by Kherson International Airport providing both passport and customs control. It operates a 2,500 x 42-meter concrete runway, accommodating Boeing 737, Airbus 319/320 aircraft, and helicopters of all series.

The official airport website is http://www.airport.kherson.ua and additional info can be found at http://www.aisukraine.net. The tel no is +380 552 33-71-87.

Rail

Kherson is connected to the national railroad network of Ukraine. There are daily long-distance services to Kyiv, Lviv and other cities.

Education

Kherson Marine school

Main sights

  • The Church of St. Catherine was built in the 1780s, supposedly to Ivan Starov's designs, and contains the tomb of Prince Potemkin.
  • Jewish cemetery – Kershon has a large Jewish community which was established in the mid-nineteenth century.[7] From 1959 until 1990 there was no synagogue in Kherson. Since then, both Jewish life and Kherson have really grown and developed in an atmosphere of peace.[8] Nevertheless, the Jewish cemetery has regularly suffered from acts of vandalism. The graves have been repeatedly covered with trash and the tombstones destroyed and desecrated. On 6 April 2012, an act of vandalism, at the Jewish cemetery, occurred on the most important festival in the Jewish calendar, the festival of Passover. The fire, which was set, immediately spread over an area of about 700 square meters and caused severe damage to the graves and tombstones.[9]
  • Kherson TV Tower – is a famous construction located in the city.
  • Adziogol Lighthouse, a hyperboloid structure designed by V.G.Shukhov, 1911

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  • Dormition Cathedral

  • St. Aleksandra Church

  • Kherson Fortess

  • Potemkin monument

  • Historical architecture on Suvorov Street in Kherson

  • Central bank office

  • Bank office located in an old house

  • Cinema hall

  • Fregat hotel

Sports

The city is set to house the revived Ukrainian Premier League and UEFA Europa League football club, Tavriya Simferopol.[10]

Notable people

Moshe Sharett

Twin cities

References

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External links

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  1. ↑ http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/304223.html
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Official website. Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea.
  4. ↑ Национальный состав населения городов (по языку) Всероссийская перепись населения 1897
  5. ↑ Ukrainian census in Kherson Oblast. State Statistics Service.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Ukraine trying to revive Crimean champion football club, USA Today (19 June 2015)
  11. ↑ Levy, Clifford J. "Georgi A. Arbatov, a Bridge Between Cold War Superpowers, Is Dead at 87", The New York Times, 2 October 2010. Accessed 4 October 2010.
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