László Hudec
| Ladislav Hudec | |
|---|---|
| Born | January 8, 1893 Banská Bystrica, Kingdom of Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Berkeley, California, United States |
| Cause of death | Myocardial infarction |
| Resting place | Banská Bystrica |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Other names | Ladislav/Laszlo/Ladislaus/Ladislaw Hudec |
| Ethnicity | Slovak[1] - Hungarian[2] |
| Citizenship | Hungarian (1893-1921) Czechoslovak (1921-1941) Hungarian (1941-) |
| Education | Budapest University |
| Known for | Park Hotel Shanghai (more...) |
| Spouse(s) | Gizella Mayer |
László Ede Hudec[3] or Ladislav Hudec (Hungarian: Hugyecz László Ede)[3] (Besztercebánya, January 8, 1893 – Berkeley, October 26, 1958) was a Hungarian[4][5] - Slovak[2][6] architect active in Shanghai from 1918 to 1945 and responsible for some of that city's most notable structures. Major works include the Park Hotel, the Grand Theater, the Joint Savings and Loan building, the combined Baptist Publications and Christian Literature Society buildings, and the post-modern "Green House". Hudec's style evolved during his active period, from the eclectic neo-classicism popular in the early 20th century to art deco and modern buildings toward the later part of his career. Although some of his buildings have been lost in the intervening decades, many survive.
Biography
Hudec was born in 1893 in Besztercebánya, Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary (now Banská Bystrica, Slovakia).[6] His father, György Hugyecz was a wealthy magyarized[note 1] Slovak[2][7][8] architect, born in the nearby village of Felsőmicsinye (now Horná Mičiná), while his mother, Paula Skultéty was an ethnic Hungarian[2] from Košice. He studied architecture at Budapest University from 1911 to 1914.[9] As a patriotic Austro-Hungarian citizen,[6] Hudec volunteered to join the Austro-Hungarian Army after outbreak of World War I, but was captured by the Russian Army in 1916 and was sent to a prison camp in Siberia.[6] While being transferred, he jumped from a train near the Chinese border and made his way to Shanghai, where he joined the American architectural office R.A. Curry.[9]
In 1925 he opened his own practice,[9] and was responsible for at least 37 buildings up to 1941.
After the Munich Agreement, (1938) Hudec lost his Czechoslovak citizenship and applied to become Hungarian citizen.[6] In 1941 he obtained a Hungarian passport and was appointed Honorary Consul of Hungary in Shanghai.[6]
Hudec's masterpiece is usually considered to be the 22-story Park Hotel Shanghai, on Nanjing Road across from People's Square. Built in 1934, it was the tallest building in the city until the 1980s, and is still a local landmark.
After leaving Shanghai in 1947 Hudec moved to Lugano and later to Rome. In 1950 he moved to Berkeley where he taught at the University of California. He died from heart-attack during an earth quake in 1958. In 1970 his remains were buried in an evangelic cemetery in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia.[10]
Buildings in Shanghai
- Country Hospital （Chinese: 宏恩医院）
- Paulun Hospital （Chinese: 保龙医院）
- Margaret Williamson Hospital （Chinese: 上海红房子医院/西门外妇孺医院）
- Moore Memorial Church (Chinese: 沐恩堂)
- German Church (Chinese: 上海德国礼拜堂)
- Chapei Power Station （Chinese: 闸北水电厂）
- China Baptist Publication Society and Christian Literature Society Building （Chinese: 真光大楼）
- Union Brewery
- Grand Theatre
- Park Hotel Shanghai (Chinese: 国际饭店)
- Dr Woo's villa (Green house) (Chinese: 吴同文住宅)
- Avenue Apartments
- Wukang Mansion (aka I.S.S. Normandie Apartments)(Chinese: 武康大楼/诺曼底公寓)
- Hudec House (Chinese: 邬达克公馆)
- Columbia Circle (Chinese: 哥伦比亚住宅圈)
- Columbia Country Club (Chinese: 美国乡村总会)
References
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- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Peter G. Rowe, Seng Kuan, Architectural Encounters with Essence and Form in Modern China, MIT Press, 2004, p.58
- ↑ Modern Chinese literature and culture, vol.18-19, Foreign Language Publications, 2006, p.45
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Warr, Anne: Shanghai Architecture, The Watermark Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-949284-76-1
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Notes
- ↑ Originally Juraj Hudec, he changed his Slovak name "Hudec" to the Hungarian form "Hugyecz" in 1890. (Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.)
External links
- Hudec Heritage Project
- Exhibit Highlights Shanghai Hotel and its Designer
- Laszlo Hudec fonds at University of Victoria, Special Collections
- Interactive 3D models of László Hudec's buildings created with Virtual Building Explorer.
- Official site of the year of Hudec in Shanghai
- Pages using infobox person with unknown parameters
- Infobox person using ethnicity
- Articles with hCards
- No local image but image on Wikidata
- Articles containing Hungarian-language text
- Articles containing Chinese-language text
- 1893 births
- 1958 deaths
- People from Banská Bystrica
- Hungarian architects
- Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I
- Hungarian emigrants to the United States
- University of California, Berkeley faculty
- Hungarian expatriates in China
- Hungarian people of Slovak descent
