Bosten Lake

Bosten Lake
File:Bosten-Lake (Bosten-See), Xinjiang, China, 87.00E, 42.00N.jpg Satellite picture (2 November 2004)
Coordinates
Catchment area	56,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi)
Basin countries	China
Max. length	55 km (34 mi)
Max. width	25 km (16 mi)
Surface area	1,000 km2 (390 sq mi)
Average depth	8.15 m (26.7 ft)
Max. depth	666 m (2,185 ft)
Water volume	8,150,000,000 m3 (2.88×1011 cu ft)
Surface elevation	1,048 m (3,438 ft)

Bosten Lake (Chinese: 博斯騰湖; pinyin: Bósīténg Hú, Uyghur: باغراش كۆلى / Baghrash Köli / Baƣrax Kɵli, Chagatai: Bostang) is a freshwater lake located on the northeastern rim of the Tarim Basin, about 20 km (12 mi) east of Yanqi and 57 km (35 mi) northeast of Korla, Xinjiang, China in the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. Covering an area of about 1,000 km² (390 sq mi) (together with adjacent small lakes), it is the largest lake in Xinjiang and one of the largest inland freshwater lakes in China. Bosten lake receives water inflow from a catchment area of 56,000 km² (22,000 sq mi).

The lake's Uyghur and Chinese names are sometimes rendered as Bosten Hu, Bagrax-hu, Bagrasch-köl, Baghrasch köl, Bagratsch-kul, Bositeng Lake or Bositeng Hu.

The Kaidu River is the most important tributary to Lake Bosten, accounting for about 83% of its water inflow, other significant tributaries are the Huang Shui Ditch (Chinese: 黃水溝), the Qing Shui River (Chinese: 清水河), and Wu-La-Si-Te River (Chinese: 烏拉司特河).

An active fishery exists on the lake. Until the early 1970s, two cyprinid species, Schizothorax biddulphi and Aspiorhynchus laticeps, the latter of which is endemic to Bosten Lake and the Yarkand River, were responsible for 80 percent of the annual catch. During the years 1962 to 1965, other various carp species (bighead, black, silver, grass, common, and crucian carp) were introduced into the lake. In the 1970s, these species become major targets of the fishing activities. Since 1978, the European perch has been the dominating species in the catches from Bosten Lake.