List of British Jewish scientists

List of British Jewish scientists is a list that includes scientists from the United Kingdom and its predecessor states who are or were Jewish or of Jewish descent.

Physicists

• Petrus Alphonsi, Spanish (not British) astronomer and doctor
• Edward Neville da Costa Andrade (JYB 1977 p207)
• Sir Michael Berry [1], mathematical physicist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Moses Blackman (JYB 1977 p207)
• David Bohm, physicist, philosopher
• Sir Hermann Bondi [2], Austrian-born British cosmologist
• Max Born [3], [4], physicist, Nobel Prize 1954 (converted to Lutheranism) (JYB 2000 p212 - list of Jewish Nobel Prizewinners)
• Samuel Devons, physicist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Cyril Domb [5], physicist, President of Association of Orthodox Jewish Scientists
• Paul Eisler [6] [7], inventor of printed circuit board
• Michael Fisher [8]
• Otto Robert Frisch [9] (JYB 1980 p182)
• Herbert Frohlich (JYB 1990 p201)
• Dennis Gabor [10] [11] Nobel Prize for Physics 1971; British.

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "In 1946 Dennis Gabor became a naturalized British citizen."

• Sir David Lionel Goldsmid-Stern-Salomons [12], scientist and inventor
• Jeffrey Goldstone (JYB 2005 p214)
• Ian Grant (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Peter Hirsch, physicist (JYB 2005 p213, 214)
• Herbert Huppert, 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Brian David Josephson [13], physicist, Nobel Prize (1973)
• George Kalmus, 1988 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Andrew Keller [14]
• Olga Kennard, crystallographer 1987 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Rudolf Kompfner, invented traveling wave tube
• Hans Kronberger (physicist), nuclear physicist
• Nicholas Kurti [15], physicist, Vice-President of the Royal Society 1965-67. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography:

"study at the university was open to him, despite being a Jew ... Kurti became a naturalized British citizen just before the outbreak of the Second World War"

• Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell [16], physicist and politician
• Henry Lipson (JYB 1990 p201)
• Sir Ben Lockspeiser (JYB 1990 p201)
• Stanley Mandelstam (JYB 2005 p214)
• Kurt Mendelssohn (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:492)
• Leon Mestel, astronomer (Who's Who entry & JYB 2000 p211)
• F.R. Nunes Nabarro (JYB 2005 p214)
• Rudolf Peierls (JYB 1995 p193)
• Michael Pepper (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Joseph Rotblat [17], physicist, Nobel Peace Prize (1995)
• Adolf Schallamach, physics of friction and wear of rubber
• Arthur Schuster (Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1012)
• Dennis Sciama, FRS [18], cosmologist
• David Shoenberg, physics of low temperatures (JYB 1995 p193)
• Sir Francis Simon, 1941 (Encyclopedia Judaica, 14:1578)
• David Tabor (JYB 2005 p214)
• Samuel Tolansky, spectroscopist

Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "son of Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants"

• Felix Weinberg (JYB 2005 p214)
• Michael Woolfson, crystallographer, computer simulation 1984 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Alec David Young, aero-engineer (JYB 2005 p214)
• John Ziman [19]

Chemists

• Herbert Brown, chemist, Nobel Prize (1979) (JYB 2005 p215) Born in London - see refs in article
• Sir Arnold Burgen (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Roy Calne (JYB 2005 p214)
• Jack David Dunitz [20], chemist
• Martin Fleischmann, chemist
• Rosalind Franklin [21], physical chemist and crystalographer, helped to discover structure of DNA
• Eugen Glueckauf (JYB 1980 p182)
• Sir Ian Heilbron (Encyclopedia Judaica 8:262)
• Walter Heitler [22]
• Sir Aaron Klug [23], physicist & chemist, Nobel Prize (1982) (JYB 2000 p211-2)
• Harold Kroto [24], discoverer of buckminsterfullerene, Nobel Prize (1996) (Jewish father; raised Jewish)
• Raphael Meldola (Encyclopaedia Judaica 11:1290)
• Alfred Mond, chemist 1928 (Encyclopaedia Judaica 4:1298, 12:241)
• Ludwig Mond [25], chemist & industrialist
• Sir Robert Mond, chemist and archaeologist (Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Mond)
• Albert Neuberger [26], chemical pathologist

father of Prof. James Neuberger, Lord Justice Sir David Neuberger and Prof. Michael Neuberger, and father-in-law of Julia Neuberger

• Friedrich Paneth (Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:54)
• Sir Max Perutz [27], molecular biologist, Nobel Prize (1962)
• Michael Polanyi [28], chemist; naturalised British 1939 (Dictionary of National Biography)
• Ralph Raphael (JYB 1995 p193)
• Michael Rossmann [29]
• Jeremy Sanders
• Anthony Segal, 1998 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Franz Sondheimer, organic chemist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Michael Szwarc, polymer chemistry (Encyclopedia Judaica, 15:670)
• Carl Warburg, doctor of medicine and clinical pharmacologist.
• Chaim Weizmann, acetone production (First President of Israel)

Biologists

• Saul Adler (JYB 1960 p216)
• Ephraim Anderson [30], microbiologist
• Charlotte Auerbach (JYB 1977 p207)
• Dame Val Beral [31], breast cancer researcher
• Walter Bodmer [32], geneticist
• Gustav Victor Rudolf Born [33], Professor of Pharmacology
• Sydney Brenner [34], molecular biologist, Nobel Prize (2002)
• Leslie Brent: TimesAd
• Edith Bülbring, pharmacologist (Jewish mother)
• Sir Ernst Chain [35], co-developer of penicillin, Nobel Prize (1945)
• Sir Philip Cohen [36], biologist
• Sydney Cohen, pathologist (JYB 2005 p214, 230)
• Emanuel Mendes da Costa [37], 18th century botanist
• Raymond Dwek, biologist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Michael Epstein, co-discoverer of the Epstein-Barr virus (JYB 2005 p214)
• Wilhelm Feldberg (JYB 1977 p207) pharmacologist
• Sir Alan Fersht [38], protein folding
• Sir Otto Frankel, geneticist
• Ian Glynn (JYB 2005 p214)
• Professor Sir Abraham Goldberg, Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Glasgow and world authority on porphyria
• Susan Greenfield, Baroness Greenfield [39], neuroscientist and writer (Jewish father)
• Hans Gruneberg (JYB 1967 p208) biologist
• Sir Ludwig Guttmann, neurologist
• Sir Henry Harris (Encyclopedia Judaica 4:138)
• Philip D'Arcy Hart [40], medical researcher
• Sir Gabriel Horn (JYB 2005 p214)
• Alick Isaacs [41] [42], virologist, interferon
• David Ish-Horowicz, 2002 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Bernard Katz [43], biophysicist, Nobel Prize (1970)
• David Keilin [44], enzymologist
• Sir Hans Kornberg, 1965 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Hans Kosterlitz, pharmacologist [45]
• Sir Hans Adolf Krebs [46], biochemist, Nobel Prize (1953)
• Sir John Krebs, zoologist
• Roland Levinsky, biologist
• Michael Levitt [47]
• Hans Lissmann (JYB 1995 p193)
• Joel Mandelstam (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Michael Marmot, epidemiologist (JYB 2005 213)
• César Milstein [48], immunologist, Nobel Prize (1984)
• Leslie Orgel [49], evolutionary biologist
• Guido Pontecorvo, 1955 (JYB 1995 p193)
• Juda Quastel [50]
• Ivan Roitt, immunologist 1983 (JYB 2005 p214) (JYB 2000 p211)
• Steven Rose [51], biologist
• Sir Martin Roth, psychiatrist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Dame Miriam Louisa Rothschild [52], entomologist
• Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild 1953 (JYB 1990 p199,202,259)
• Oliver Sacks [53], neurologist and author
• Isaac de Sequeira Samuda [54] (first Jewish FRS; elected 1727)
• John Vane [55], pharmacologist, Nobel Prize (1982) (Jewish father)
• Lawrence Weiskrantz, psychologist (JYB 2005 p214)
• Peter David Jacob Weitzman, biochemist
• Robert Winston, Baron Winston [56], fertility expert and broadcaster
• Lewis Wolpert [57], developmental biologist and broadcaster
• John Yudkin, physiologist and nutritionist.
• Lord Solly Zuckerman, anatomist, evolutionist (JYB 1965 p214)

Mathematicians and statisticians

• Abraham Manie Adelstein, statistician
• Hertha Ayrton, mathematician and engineer
• Laurence Baxter, statistician
• Abram Besicovitch [58], Russian-born British mathematician (karaite)
• Selig Brodetsky, mathematician and President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews
• Jacob Bronowski [59], mathematician & broadcaster
• Paul Cohn, algebraist
• H.E. Daniels, statistician
• Philip Dawid [60], statistician
• Arthur Erdelyi, mathematician
• John Fox, statistician
• Albrecht Frohlich [61]
• David Glass, demographer
• Sir Samuel Goldman, British Government statistician
• Sydney Goldstein [62], expert on fluid mechanics
• Benjamin Gompertz [63], mathematician
• Eugene Grebenik [64], demographer
• Steven Haberman [65], professor of actuarial science
• John Hajnal, demographer (JYB 2005 p215)
• Hans Heilbronn (JYB 1977, p207)
• Marie Jahoda [66], psychologist
• Thomas Körner, mathematician
• Ruth Lawrence [67], mathematician & child prodigy
• Leone Levi [68], statistician
• Kurt Mahler, mathematician (JYB 2005 p214)
• Sir Claus Moser [69], statistician
• Louis Mordell [70], number theorist
• Bernhard Neumann, 1959 (JYB 2005 p214)
• Richard Rado [71], mathematician
• Klaus Roth [72], mathematician, Fields Medal (1958)
• Bernard Silverman, statistician [73]
• David Spiegelhalter, statistician (JYB 2007 p. 198)
• James Joseph Sylvester [74], mathematician

Computer scientists

• Samson Abramsky, computer scientist (JYB 2007 p. 198)
• David Deutsch [75], quantum computing pioneer
• I.J. Good [76], cryptographer, philosopher of statistics & computing pioneer
• David Levy [77], computer chess expert
• Leo Marks [78], cryptographer & screenwriter
• Max Newman [79], mathematician & computing pioneer (Jewish father)
• Gordon Plotkin [80], computer scientist
• Leslie Valiant [81], computer scientist parallel computation

Economists

• Lord Bauer [82], economist
• Samuel Brittan, economist
• Charles Goodhart, Bank of England economist
• Noreena Hertz [83], economist & activist
• Richard Kahn, Baron Kahn [84], economist: multiplier
• Nicholas Kaldor [85], economist
• Michael Kidron, South African born Marxist economist, writer, cartographer and publisher.
• Israel Kirzner [86], economist (UK-born)
• Ludwig Lachmann, economist
• Harold Laski, economist (The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, ed Geoffrey Wigoder, 5th ed 1977, pp. 1182–3)
• Alexander Nove, economist (JYB 1990 p202)
• Sigbert Prais, economist (JYB 2005 p215)
• David Ricardo [87], economist (converted to Quakerism)
• Arthur Seldon [88], economist
• Sir Hans Singer, economist; The Economist, 11 March 2006 p95: "born a Jew"
• Piero Sraffa [89], economist
• Basil Yamey, economist (JYB 2005 p215,315)
• Lord Nicholas Stern, economist (JYB 2005 p215,315)

Social scientists

• Roy Clive Abraham, linguist
• Michael Balint [90], psychoanalyst (converted to Unitarianism)
• Zygmunt Bauman [91], sociologist
• Basil Bernstein [92], linguist
• Vernon Bogdanor, professor of politics (JYB 2005 pp215,223)
• Georgina Born, anthropologist (daughter of Gustav Victor Rudolf Born)
• Gerald Cohen, Professor of Social and Political Theory (JYB 2005 p215)
• Norbert Elias, sociologist
• Herman Finer, political scientist
• Samuel Finer, political scientist
• Sir Moses I. Finley, historian and sociologist
• Meyer Fortes, anthropologist (JYB 1980 p183)
• Eduard Fraenkel, philologist
• Anna Freud [93], child psychoanalyst
• Norman Geras [94], professor of Government

"You are a Jewish, Zimbabwean, Mancunian philosopher... I have lived in Manchester more than half my life and am very much at home here."

• Morris Ginsberg [95]
• Max Gluckman, anthropologist (JYB 1975 p213)
• Theodor Goldstücker, orientalist
• Jean Gottmann, professor of geography, Oxford University
• Julius Gould, sociologist (JYB 2005 p249)
• Paul Hirst [96], social theorist (Jewish mother)
• Marie Jahoda [97], psychology of discrimination
• Melanie Klein [98], child psychoanalyst
• Paul Klemperer, economist
• Geoffrey Lewis Lewis, professor of Turkish (JYB 2005 p215)
• Steven Lukes, political scientist (JYB 2005 p215)
• Ashley Montagu [99], anthropologist & humanist
• Nikolas Rose, Martin White Professor Sociology, LSE.
• Isaac Schapera, anthropologist (JYB 2005 p215)
• Edward Ullendorff, linguist (JYB 2005 p215)

See also

• Lists of Jews
• List of British Jews

References

• JYB = Jewish Year Book
• TimesAd: The Times, 6/7/06 p34: "A Call by Jews in Britain" (advert signed by 300 British Jews)

External links

• Jinfo

• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, art. Alfonsi, Petrus
• Fred Pruyn, Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm, on theosophy-nw.org. Accessed 13 April 2006.
• Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents in Vienna"
• Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Linz, Austria, of Jewish parents"
• [100]: "Birthplace: Karlsbad, Czechoslovakia ... Religion: Jewish" accessed 8 Feb 2007
• Friedenwald, H. (1946), Jewish Luminaries in Medical History
• Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "naturalised British subject, 1910"; [101]
• From web site of Amnesty: "Professor Edith Bulbring Born in Germany 1903, Jewish mother". Accessed 6 March 2007.
• Interview by Australian Academy of Sciences: "An Austrian Jew's entry into the British Empire"; accessed 11 November 2006.
• Jewish Chronicle Obituary, 25 October 2007
• Paralympics on Thinkquest.org refers to "Ludwig Guttman, a Jewish neurologist and refugee from Nazi Germany". Accessed 16 April 2006.
• Jewish Chronicle, 8 January 1999, p.6: "Three Jewish knights feature among the New Year honours: ... Nichola Serota ... John Krebs ... Victor Blank."
• "Driving force of city university's growth": Western Daily Press 19 July 2006: "the family is Jewish".
• article in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
• Death notices in Jewish Chronicle, 15 November 1996 p 31; confirms Sidney Hart was his uncle
• [102]: "These include the papers of Anglo-Jewish leaders, such as Selig Brodetsky"
• Obituary in The Times "he was born in Hamburg in 1924 to Jewish parents" Accessed 9 July 2008.
• Jewish: [103]; British: Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "became naturalised British citizen, 1947"
• Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, 6 Oct. 1978, p.32
• Obituary in LSE Magazine, Vol 19 no.2 Winter 2007, p.45
• Two Jewish parents: Stephan Körner (JYB 2005 p215) and Edith Körner
• Flade, Roland. The Lehmans: From Rimpar to the New World: A Family History, 2nd Enlarged Ed., 1999; reviewed by the American Jewish Historical Society. Accessed 14 Nov 2006.
• Hayek's Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F. A. Hayek - Pg 145
• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Elias, as a Jew, sought refuge first in Paris (1933–5), and then in London (from 1935), eventually becoming a British citizen in 1952"
• [104] "Mr. Herman Finer, an Englishman, Jewish"
• Jewish Chronicle obituary, 25 June 1993, p.15
• Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed.
• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "An unbaptized Jew"
• Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "of Jewish parentage"
• Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only child of prosperous Jewish parents"