List of Japanese hell ships
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This list of Japanese hell ships encompasses those vessels used for transporting Allied prisoners of war during the Pacific War.
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The names of the Japanese hell ships used during World War II includes some variants which are different names referring to the same ship.
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This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
- Aikoku Aikoku Maru (1940)
- Aki Maru (Japanese Kyūjitai: 安藝丸, Shinjitai: 安芸丸)[1]
- Akikase
- Akitsuki[2]
- Amagi Maru[3]
- Anami Maru
- Aramis
- Argentina Maru[4]
- Arisan Maru – sunk by USS Snook 24 October 1944.[5]
- Asaka Maru
- Asama Maru – sunk by USS Atule 1 November 1944.≠
- Awa Maru≠ – sunk by USS Queenfish 1 April 1945
- Benjo Maru
- Brazil Maru‡ – bombed 15 December 1944
- Burong
- Canadian Inventor
- Canadian Prince
- Celebes Maru[6]
- Chichibu Maru – sunk by USS Gudgeon 28 April 1943
- Cho Saki Maru
- Chuka Maru‡
- Chuyo – sunk by USS Sailfish 4 December 1943
- Clyde Maru[7]
- Coral Maru
- Dai Moji Maru[8]
- Dai Nichi Maru[9]
- Daikeku Maru
- Dainichi Maru
- DeKlerk
- England Maru
- Enoshima Maru
- Enoura Maru[10]
- Enuri Maru
- Erie Maru
- France Maru[11]
- Fuji Maru‡
- Fukkai Maru
- Fuku Maru
- Fukuji Maru
- Fukuju Maru
- Hakuroku Maru
- Hakusan Maru – sunk by USS Flier 4 June 1944
- Hakushika Maru
- Haru Maru
- Harukiku Maru (治菊丸, Ex-Dutch Ship Van Waerwijck)[12] – sunk by HMS Truculent 26 June 1944, 180 of 720 POWs and 27 of 55 Japanese troops killed
- Haruyasa Maru
- Hawaii Maru (はわい丸, Hawai Maru)[13]
- Heiyo Maru
- Hioki Maru
- Hiyoki Maru
- Hofuku Maru sunk 21 September 1943
- Hokko Maru
- Hokusen Maru (北鮮丸)
- Hozan Maru[14]
- Ikoma Maru
- Ikuta Maru
- Interisland Steamer
- Junyō Maru – torpedoed with loss of over 5,000 lives, including 1,300 POWs
- Kachidoki Maru – sunk by Pampanito on 12 September 1944. Of 900 POWs, 400 perished. The remaining were transferred to the Kibitsu Maru and taken on to Japan
- Kaishun Maru
- Kaiun Maru
- Kakko Maru
- Kalgan Maru
- Kamakura Maru – sunk by USS Gudgeon 28 April 1943
- Kenkon Maru (乾坤丸)
- Kenwa Maru
- Kenzan Maru
- Kibitzu Maru
- Kohho Maru
- Kokusei Maru
- Konosue Maru
- Koryu Maru
- Kōshū Maru‡
- Kunishima Maru
- Kurimata Maru
- Kyokko Maru[15]
- Kyokusei Maru
- Lima Maru≠
- Lisbon Maru (りすぼん丸, Risubon Maru)≠
- Maebashi Maru (前橋丸, Maebashi Maru)
- Makassar Maru
- Maros Maru
- Maru Go (5)
- Maru Hachi (8)
- Maru Ichi (1)
- Maru Ni (2)
- Maru No. 760
- Maru Roku
- Maru San (3)
- Maru Shi (4)
- Maru Shichi (7)
- Mati Mati Maru
- Matsu Maru
- Matti Matti Maru
- Maya Maru
- Mayebassi Maru
- Melbourne Maru‡
- Mishima Maru
- Miyo Maru
- Moji Maru
- Montevideo Maru (もんてびでお丸, Montebideo Maru)
- Nagara Maru[16]
- Nagata Maru
- Nagato Maru
- Nanshin Maru
- Naruto Maru
- Natoru Maru
- Nichimei Maru
- Nishi Maru
- Nissyo Maru
- Nitikoku Maru
- Nitimei Maru
- Nitta Maru≠
- No. 1 Yoshida Maru≠
- No. 2 Hikawa Maru≠
- No. 6 Kotobuki Maru
- No. 7 Hoshi Maru
- No. 17 Nanshin Maru
- No. 86
- No. 824
- Noto Maru[17]
- Oite
- Op ten Noort
- Oryoki Maru
- Oryokko Maru
- Oryoku Maru[5]
- OSK Ferry
- Otaro Maru
- Oyo Maru
- Pacific Maru[18]
- Panama Maru
- Raihei Maru
- Rakuyo Maru – sunk by USS Sealion on 12 September 1944. Of 1,317 POWs, 1,159 POWs perished. 63 were rescued four days later by the submarines that sank the convoy she was in
- Rashin Maru (羅津丸)
- Rendsberg
- Rio de Janeiro Maru
- Roko Maru‡
- Rokyo Maru‡
- Ryūkyū Maru‡
- Samurusan Maru
- San Diego Maru
- Sandakan Steamer
- Sanko Maru
- Seikyo Maru
- Sekiho Maru
- Shinsei Maru
- Shinyo Maru[5]
- Shinyu Maru[19]
- Shoun Maru
- Sibijac
- Singapore Maru left Batavia in Java 17 October 1942 with 3,000 British prisoners, arrived Moji, Japan, (via Singapore) 25 November 1942, 108 died on the journey.
- Singoto Maru
- Soong Cheong
- SS Subuk
- Suez Maru
- Sugi Maru
- Suzuya Maru[20]
- Tachibana Maru
- Taga Maru[21]
- Taian Maru
- Taiko Maru
- Taikoku Maru
- Taka Maru
- Tamahoko Maru
- Tango Maru
- Tanjong Penang
- Tatsuta Maru≠
- Tattori Maru
- Tatu Maru
- Teia Maru (帝亞丸・帝亜丸)
- Tenshin Maru
- Thames Maru[22]
- Tiensen
- Toendjoek
- Tofuku Maru
- Tojuku Maru
- Toka Maru
- Toko Maru
- Tomohoku Maru
- Toro Maru
- Tottori Maru
- Toyama Maru
- Toyofuku Maru
- Toyohashi Maru
- Tufuku Maru
- Ube Maru
- Ume Maru
- Umeda Maru
- Unyo
- Uruppu Maru
- Ussuri Maru
- Usu Maru
- Van Waerwijck
- Wales Maru[23]
- Weills Maru
- Winchester Maru
- Yamagata Maru[24]
- Yashu Maru
- Yinagata Maru
- Yone Maru
- Yoshida Maru≠
- Yubi Maru
- Yuzan Maru[25]
_______________
- ‡ Formerly in the fleet of O.S.K. Lines
- ≠ Formerly in the fleet of N.Y.K Lines
See also
Notes
- ↑ Michno, Gregory. (2001). Death on the Hellships: Prisoners at Sea in the Pacific War, p. 93; n.b., Aki Maru (11,409 GT).
- ↑ Michno, p. 207; n.b., the destroyer Akitsuki carried POWs, sunk in Battle of Leyte Gulf off Cape Engaño.
- ↑ Michno, p. 93; n.b., Amagi Maru (3,165 GT), former NYK Line ship
- ↑ Aikoku Maru (1940)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 WestPoint.org website: POW Registers website
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Celebes Maru
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Clyde Maru
- ↑ Crager, Kelly E. (2008). Hell Under the Rising Sun: Texan POWs and the Building of the Burma – Thailand Death Railway, p. 73.
- ↑ Crager, p. 57.
- ↑ Taiwan POW Camps Memorial Society: The Story of the Enoura Maru and the Men Who Died
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: France Maru
- ↑ Hovinga, Henk (1982) Eindstation Pakan Baroe 1944-1945. Dodenspoorweg door het oerwoud.], p. 23
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Hawaii Maru
- ↑ Roscoe, Theodore et al. (1949). United States submarine operations in World War II, p. 548; n.b., Hozan Maru (2,345 GT) sunk November 23, 1944 by USS Redfish at 24-26N, 122-46E.
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Kyokko Maru
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Nagara Maru
- ↑ BataanSurvivor.com: Noto Maru
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Pacific Maru
- ↑ Roscoe, p. 548; n.b., Shinyu Maru (4,621 GT) sunk April 13, 1944 by USS Redfin at 6-41N, 123-40E.
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Suzuya Maru
- ↑ Parkinson, James et al. (2006). Soldier Slaves: Abandoned by the White House, Courts, and Congress, p. 153.
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Thames Maru
- ↑ Roscoe, p. 542; n.b., Wales Maru (6,586 GT) sunk May 24, 1944 by USS Lapon at 7-16N, 109-044E.
- ↑ Roscoe, p. 548; n.b., Yamagata Maru (4,621 GT) sunk April 16, 1944 by USS Redfin at 7-04N, 123-27E.
- ↑ POWs of the Japanese website: Yuzan Maru
References
- Crager, Kelly E. (2008). Hell Under the Rising Sun: Texan POWs and the Building of the Burma – Thailand Death Railway. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 1585446351; ISBN 9781585446353; OCLC 145378792
- Michno, Gregory. (2001). Death on the Hellships: Prisoners at Sea in the Pacific War. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1557504822; ISBN 9781557504821; OCLC 45757730
- Parkinson, James W. and Lee Benson (2006). Soldier Slaves: Abandoned by the White House, Courts, and Congress. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1591142040; ISBN 9781591142041; OCLC 63116439
- Roscoe, Theodore and Richard G Voge (1949). United States Submarine Operations in World War II. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute. OCLC 1127592
External links
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