List of National Historic Landmarks in Florida

Maitland Art Center

Mary McLeod Bethune Home  

Bok Tower Gardens

Child of the Sun

British Fort

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station

 

Crystal River Site

 

Dade Battlefield

Fort San Marcos
de Apalache

Fort King

Zora Neale
Hurston House

Maple Leaf

Mud Lake Canal

Okeechobee Battlefield

Pelican NWR

Ponce de Leon Inlet Light Station

Kinnan Rawlings House and Farm

Safety Harbor Site

Windover Archaeolog. Site

Fort Walton Mound

Governor Stone

Fort Barrancas

NAS

NAS = Pensacola Naval Air
Station Historic District

Plaza Ferdinand VII

Ernest Hemingway House

     Fort Zachary Taylor

Whitehall

Mar-A-Lago

Miami Biltmore Hotel 

Vizcaya
Miami
Circle

Freedom
Tower

Marjory Stoneman Douglas House

Ferdinand Magellan Railcar

EI Centro
Español
 de Tampa

Ybor City Historic District

Tampa Bay Hotel

Cathedral of St.August.
González Alvarez House
Hotel Ponce de Leon
Llambias House

St.August. Town Plan Historic District

Fort Mose Site

Florida National Historic Landmarks (clickable map)

The National Historic Landmarks in Florida are representations of a broad sweep of history from Pre-Columbian times, through the Second Seminole War and Civil War, and the Space Age. There are 45 National Historic Landmarks (NHLs) in Florida, which are located in twenty-two of the state's sixty-seven counties. Sixteen of the NHLs in the state are significant examples of a particular architectural style, eleven have military significance, ten are archaeological sites, three were the homes of well-known American authors, and one is associated with the development of the U.S. Space Program.

Five sites are in state parks and managed by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Also included is a site determined eligible for National Historic Landmark status, and a list of historical sites in Florida managed by the U.S. National Park Service which also have national significance.

The National Historic Landmark program is administered by the National Park Service, a branch of the Department of the Interior. The National Park Service determines which properties meet NHL criteria and makes nomination recommendations after an owner notification process. The Secretary of the Interior reviews nominations and, based on a set of predetermined criteria, makes a decision on NHL designation or a determination of eligibility for designation. Both public and privately owned properties are designated as NHLs. This designation provides indirect, partial protection of the historic integrity of the properties, via tax incentives, grants, monitoring of threats, and other means. Owners may object to the nomination of the property as a NHL. When this is the case the Secretary of the Interior can only designate a site as eligible for designation.

NHLs are also included on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which are historic properties that the National Park Service deems to be worthy of preservation. The primary difference between a NHL and a NRHP listing is that the NHLs are determined to have national significance, while other NRHP properties are deemed significant at the local or state level. The NHLs in Florida comprise 2.6% of the approximately 1,600 properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida.

Current NHLs

	Landmark name	Image	Date designated	Location	County	Description
1	Mary McLeod Bethune Home		December 2, 1974 (#74000655)	Daytona Beach	Volusia	Home of Mary McLeod Bethune, educator and civil rights leader
2	Bok Tower Gardens		April 19, 1993 (#72000350)	Lake Wales	Polk	Constructed by Ladies Home Journal editor Edward W. Bok on the highest hill in the area to create "a spot of beauty second to none in the country"
3	British Fort		May 15, 1975 (#72000318)	Sumatra	Franklin	Built during the War of 1812 and also known as Negro Fort, it was the location of a fortification occupied by runaway slaves, as well as Indians living in the area. Due to a massive explosion near the end of the war, nothing remains of the fort.
4	Cape Canaveral Air Force Station		April 16, 1984 (#84003872)	Cocoa	Brevard	The East Coast space launch facility of the U.S. Department of Defense, and adjacent to the Kennedy Space Center
5	Cathedral Of St. Augustine		April 15, 1970 (#70000844)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	Completed in 1797, it was severely damaged by fire in 1887, but restored over the next two years. It is part of the St. Augustine Town Plan Historic District
6	Crystal River Site		June 21, 1990 (#70000178)	Crystal River	Citrus	A ceremonial center and burial complex, occupied during the Deptford, Weeden Island, and Safety Harbor periods
7	Dade Battlefield		November 7, 1973 (#72000353)	Bushnell	Sumter	Site of the Dade Massacre during the Second Seminole War, it is now a state park
8	Marjory Stoneman Douglas House		February 27, 2015 (#15000312)	Miami	Miami-Dade County	Home of noted environmentalist and activist Marjory Stoneman Douglas.
9	El Centro Español de Tampa		June 3, 1988 (#88001823)	Tampa	Hillsborough	Home of the first mutual aid society in Florida, and part of the Ybor City Historic District
10	Ferdinand Magellan - U.S. Car No. 1		February 4, 1985 (#77000401)	Miami	Miami-Dade	The first passenger railcar built for a President since the one made for Lincoln in 1865. It was used by FDR, Truman, Eisenhower, and briefly by Reagan.
11	Florida Southern College Historic District		March 2, 2012 (#75000568)	Lakeland	Polk	Contains the largest single-site collection of Frank Lloyd Wright architecture.
12	Fort King Site		February 24, 2004 (#04000320)	Ocala	Marion	Site of fort prominent before and during the Second Seminole War. It was located at a nexus of military roads reaching from Tampa to Jacksonville
13	Fort Mose Site		October 12, 1994 (#94001645)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	First free black settlement legally sanctioned in what would become the United States. Slaves from the British colonies of South Carolina and Georgia escaped here during the early to mid 18th century, making this a precursor to the Underground Railroad.
14	Fort San Carlos De Barrancas		October 9, 1960 (#66000263)	Pensacola	Escambia	Site of a series of forts going back as far as 1698, now part of the Gulf Islands National Seashore.
15	Fort San Marcos De Apalache		November 13, 1966 (#66000271)	St. Marks	Wakulla	Wooden or masonry forts were at this site during Spanish or British colonial periods, and the Second Seminole War. The Spanish fort's capture in 1818 by Jackson led the U.S. to acquire Florida in 1821.
16	Fort Walton Mound		July 19, 1964 (#66000268)	Fort Walton Beach	Okaloosa	Type site of the Fort Walton Culture
17	Fort Zachary Taylor		May 31, 1973 (#71000244)	Key West	Monroe	Controlled by the Union during the Civil War, later used heavily during the Spanish–American War, it is now a state park
18	Freedom Tower		October 6, 2008 (#79000665)	Miami	Miami-Dade	The original headquarters and printing facility of the Miami News & Metropolis newspaper; later made a memorial to Cuban immigration to the U.S.
19	González-Alvarez House		April 15, 1970 (#70000845)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	The oldest house in St. Augustine, built in the early 18th century, and part of the St. Augustine Town Plan Historic District
20	Governor Stone (schooner)		December 4, 1992 (#91002063)	Fort Walton Beach	Bay	Built in 1877, it is the oldest surviving Gulf-built two-masted coasting schooner
21	Ernest Hemingway House		November 24, 1968 (#68000023)	Key West	Monroe	A home of author Ernest Hemingway
22	Hotel Ponce de Leon		February 17, 2006 (#75002067)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	Built in 1887-88 by Carrère and Hastings for real estate and railroad tycoon Henry Flagler, it is the first large scale building constructed entirely of poured concrete. The only Flagler Hotel to survive the Great Depression, it later became part of Flagler College. Part of St. Augustine Town Plan Historic District
23	Zora Neale Hurston House		December 4, 1991 (#91002047)	Fort Pierce	St. Lucie	A home of author Zora Neale Hurston
24	Ingham (USCGC)		April 27, 1992 (#92001879)	Key West	Monroe	Built at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in 1935 and launched in 1936. Served on North Atlantic Convoys and credited with sinking u-boat 626. Served in Mediterranean and African Convoys and then landings in the Philippines. Served through Korea and received two Presidential Unit Citations for service in Viet-Nam. Served in Key West during the Mariel Boat lift in 1980 and retired in 1988 after 52 years of service. She remains the most decorated cutter in Coast Guard History.
25	Llambias House		April 15, 1970 (#70000846)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	Built in the late 18th century, and part of the St. Augustine Town Plan Historic District
26	Maitland Art Center		August 25, 2014 (#14000920)	Maitland	Orange	Artist J. Andre Smith founded the Center as an artist colony in 1937. With over 200 carvings and reliefs, it is an important example of Art Deco fantasy and Mayan Revival architecture in the United States.
27	Msple Leaf (shipwreck)		October 12, 1994 (#94001650)	Mandarin	Duval	Launched in 1851, it was sunk by the Confederates in 1864, and is one of the best preserved Civil War shipwrecks
28	Mar-A-Lago		December 23, 1980 (#80000961)	Palm Beach	Palm Beach	The former estate of Marjorie Merriweather Post.
29	Miami Biltmore Hotel & Country Club		June 19, 1996 (#72000306)	Coral Gables	Miami-Dade	A luxury Biltmore Hotel opened in 1926, it was the tallest building in Florida until 1928, and also served as a hospital during World War II.
30	The Miami Circle at Brickell Point Site		January 16, 2009 (#01001534)	Miami	Miami-Dade	An important site related to the Tequesta
31	Mud Lake Canal		September 20, 2006 (#06000979)	Flamingo	Monroe	Prehistoric long-distance canoe canal
32	Okeechobee Battlefield		July 4, 1961 (#66000269)	Okeechobee	Okeechobee	Site of the Battle of Lake Okeechobee, one of the major conflicts during the Second Seminole War
33	Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge		May 23, 1963 (#66000265)	Sebastian	Indian River	Established by an executive order of President Theodore Roosevelt in 1903, this was the first national wildlife refuge in the United States.
34	Pensacola Naval Air Station Historic District		December 8, 1976 (#76000595)	Pensacola	Escambia	Opened in 1914, as the first U.S. permanent naval air station, first Navy pilot training center, and first U.S. naval installation to send pilots into combat.
35	Plaza Ferdinand VII		October 9, 1960 (#66000264)	Pensacola	Escambia	Place where Florida was formally transferred from Spain to the U.S., in 1821
36	Ponce de Leon Inlet Light Station		August 5, 1998 (#72000355)	Ponce Inlet	Volusia	Completed in 1887, it is the tallest lighthouse in Florida (at 175 feet (53 m) in height)
37	Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings House and Farm Yard		September 20, 2006 (#70000176)	Cross Creek	Alachua	A home of author Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings
38	Safety Harbor Site		July 19, 1964 (#66000270)	Safety Harbor	Pinellas	The largest remaining mound in the Tampa Bay area, and believed to have been the location of the "capital city" of the Tocobaga
39	San Luis De Talimali (formerly San Luis de Apalache)		October 15, 1966 (#66000266)	Tallahassee	Leon	A Spanish Franciscan mission was built here in 1633 in the descendent settlement of Anhaica, capital of Apalachee Province. It was abandoned and destroyed in 1704 to prevent use by the British.
40	St. Augustine Town Plan Historic District		April 15, 1970 (#70000847)	St.Augustine	St. Johns	The district's boundaries are roughly those of the original town of St. Augustine, and covers the period of development from 1672 to 1935.
41	Tampa Bay Hotel		May 11, 1976 (#72000322)	Tampa	Hillsborough	Built by railroad magnate Henry B. Plant in a Moorish Revival style, and considered his premier hotel, it covers 6 acres (24,000 m2) and is .25 miles (0.40 km) long
42	Vizcaya		April 19, 1994 (#70000181)	Miami	Miami-Dade	Winter residence of industrialist James Deering
43	Whitehall (Henry M. Flagler House)		February 16, 2000 (#72000345)	Palm Beach	Palm Beach	A home of industrialist Henry Morrison Flagler
44	Windover Archeological Site		May 28, 1987 (#87000810)	Titusville	Brevard	A peat deposit preserving artifacts and human burials dating to the Early Archaic period. One of the largest collections of human skeletal material of its time, and of fiber arts from any New World archeological site.
45	Ybor City Historic District		December 14, 1990 (#74000641)	Tampa	Hillsborough	Has the largest collection of buildings related to the U.S. cigar industry; was a rare multi-ethnic & multi-racial industrial community of the Deep South in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Eligible National Historic Landmark

The following property was determined eligible for National Historic Landmark status, but did not become one. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

	Landmark name	Image	Date declared	Location	County	Description
1	Hialeah Park Race Track		January 11, 1988	Hialeah	Miami-Dade	Built in 1921, the greyhound track is one of the oldest existing recreational facilities in southern Florida, and contributed to South Florida's popularity as a winter resort for the rich and famous. It became so well known for its flamingo flocks that it was officially designated a sanctuary for them by the Audubon Society.

Historic areas of the NPS in Florida

National Historic Sites, National Historical Parks, some National Monuments, and certain other areas listed in the National Park system are historic landmarks of national importance that are highly protected already, often before the inauguration of the NHL program in 1960, and are then often not also named NHLs per se. There are six of these in Florida. The National Park Service lists these six together with the NHLs in the state.

	Landmark name	Image	Date established	Location	County	Description
1	Castillo de San Marcos National Monument		October 15, 1924	St.Augustine	St. Johns	This fort was built in 1672-95 to protect early Spanish settlers.
2	De Soto National Memorial		March 11, 1948	west of Bradenton	Manatee	Commemorates the landing of Spanish explorer, Hernando de Soto in 1539. De Soto’s expedition was the first extensive exploration by Europeans of what is now the southern United States.
3	Dry Tortugas National Park		January 4, 1935	west of Key West in the Gulf of Mexico	Monroe	Protects several islands, associated coral reefs and marine life, and Fort Jefferson, a huge pre-Civil War masonry fort. The name “Tortugas” was given to these islands by Ponce de Leon in 1513, for the large numbers of sea turtles (“tortugas”) found in the area.
4	Fort Caroline National Memorial		January 16, 1953	Jacksonville	Duval	Commemorates the first French attempt to establish a settlement in the present United States. The fort model overlooks the original site of the French Juguenot colony of 1564-65. The French and Spanish began two centuries of colonial rivalry in North America here.
5	Fort Matanzas National Monument		October 15, 1924	south of St.Augustine	St. Johns	Built to protect Spanish settlers. Two hundred and forty-five Frenchmen who challenged Spanish dominion were killed by Spaniards here in 1565. The name Matanzas means “slaughters.”
6	Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve		February 16, 1988	Jacksonville	Duval	A partnership between the National Park Service and local government agencies to protect the wetlands, river systems, and historic sites within Duval County near Jacksonville, Florida. Kingsley Plantation, the oldest remaining plantation in Florida, is part of the preserve.

See also

• History of Florida
• List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Florida

External links

• National Historic Landmarks Program, at National Park Service
• National Park Service listings of National Historic Landmarks