List of church buildings in Indonesia

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

These are lists of church buildings in Indonesia, based on:

• Completion year of the building.
• Grouped into regions

Around 10% of Indonesia's total population are Christians and there are approximately 61000 churches across Indonesia. This list strictly only include notable church buildings and their historical significance in the Indonesian history.

History

File:De-Kruis-Kerk-op-Batavia-1682.jpg

The Old Dutch Church's first form, whose base is still visible in Museum Wayang

File:AMH-7245-KB Three views of buildings in Batavia.jpg

The lower picture are the early church of Portuguese Binnenkerk (later burned) and the Portuguese Buitenkerk (a heritage building)

In Indonesia, church building in the first stage of its creation were simple, shed-like structures, built from bamboo or wood. Once sizeable congregations had been established, more permanent buildings were erected, which seated hundreds or even over a thousand.

Precolonial era

There is evidence of the presence of Christian communities (Chaldean Church) in north Sumatra as early as the 7th century

Portuguese arrival in Indonesia

the Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in Indonesia, and sought to dominate the sources of valuable spices and to extend their Roman Catholic missionary efforts. Francis Xavier was the most well-known Portuguese missionary in the archipelago, the mission began in 1534 when some chiefs from Morotai came to Ternate asking to be baptised. He later return to Moluccas and spend his time at Halmahera, Ternate and Amboina in 1546-1547, baptizing several thousand locals.

Dutch documents tell us that nearly all inhabitants of Ambon were Catholics, introduced by the Portuguese Jesuits, mostly arrived from Goa. Ambon had four fine church buildings and a small hospital, La Misericordia. The Jesuit Church of St. James was from mid-1605 used for Protestant services and in 1630 it was replaced by a stone building called St. Paul's Church.

Dutch East India company in Indonesia

File:AMH-7029-KB View of the new Dutch church on Batavia.jpg

Model of the New Dutch Church after the extension in 1736.

Catholicism in Indonesia came into dark age when the Protestant-Dutch VOC defeated the Portuguese and took over their possession at Mollucas in 1605 and Solor in 1613. Dutch East India Company or Vereniging Oost Indie Compagnie (VOC) suppressed the Catholic religion within their conquered territories and banned any Catholic missionary activities. Many Catholics were forcibly converted to Protestantism and Catholic churches were changed for Protestant purposes. As a result of their successful campaign in the East Indies and strong sentiment against the Catholics, many of the earliest surviving well-documented church buildings in the Indonesian archipelago are Protestant churches; most of them are concentrated along the north coast of Java and the islands of Moluccas.

Enslaved Catholics are also encouraged to adapt Protestanism and Dutch sounding name, such example occur to the Mardijker people (who were Portuguese speaking creole group) in Batavia and Depok. Catholicism didn't have any particular right in Indonesia until 1808 under governor general Daendels, during the French occupation of Netherlands.

File:AMH-4642-NA The chapel at Batavia Castle.jpg

The chapel of Kasteel Batavia

In Batavia few of earliest Protestant church structures in Indonesia are well documented. The first church building in the city was a provisional church, erected in 1625 together with the earlier city hall. In 1632 the foundation for a proper church was laid. This was followed by the first stone to be laid in 1640 and the building, known as Oude Hollandse Kerk ("Old Holland Church"), was finished in 1643. The Old Holland Church was later expanded and renamed "Nieuw Hollandse kerk" ("New Holland Church") in 1736. The new church was shaped octagonally according to Calvinism's focus on the sermon and had a domed roof. The church was toppled by an earthquake in 1808, and the remain was completely demolished by governor general Daendels for building materials to build a new government center in Weltevreden. The base of the church can be seen in Wayang Museum.

In 1644, Governor General Antonio van Diemen built a chapel in the Castle at his own expense. Already in 1633, a simple wooden church with straw roof had been built for services in Malay. The Portuguese Binnenkerk (Portuguese Church inside the city walls) was built between 1669 and 1672, initially for Malay services, but was also to meet the needs of the Portuguese-speaking Christians. Another Portuguese-language church was built outside the city walls in 1695, the Portuguese Buitenkerk, now Gereja Sion, the oldest surviving church building in Indonesia.

On 18 May 1696, a former VOC officer Cornelis Chastelein bought the land with an area of 12.44 km2, 6.2% the area of today's Depok, there he established the first of its kind in Java, a Protestant congregation consisting of native Indonesians which was named: De Eerste Protestante Organisatie van Christenen (DEPOC). id dating back to 1714 can still be seen standing and its church bell was made in the year 1675.

Dutch East Indies and Post-independent Indonesia

In 1799 VOC went officially bankrupt and were dissolved in 1800 with its possessions taken over by the Dutch crown as the Dutch East Indies. Later in 1817, the Dutch government founded the Protestantsche Kerk in Nederlandsch-Indie ("Indische Kerk") as a union of Reformed, Lutheran, Baptists, Arminian and Mennonite denominations. During the 18th to 19th century the new architectural trend are Neoclassical architecture, examples of these Renaissance architecture were Batavia's Immanuel Church, Semarang's Blenduk Church and GKJ Mojowarno.

Missionary activities increased with territorial gain and works were mostly aimed to convert native Animist population such as the Bataks, Torajans, Minahasans, Papuans and Dayaks population (whom today formed Christian majority of both Catholic and Protestant). These missionaries established many mission churches, schools and institutions across the country.

Later in late 19th until the end of the Dutch rule in 1942, Indonesia followed the Neogothic architecture that was common in Europe at that time. The best example of neogothic architecture built in Indonesia are Jakarta Cathedral. Art Deco and its various Dutch architectural branches such as Amsterdam School or Nieuwe Zakelijkheid, became the new fashion of the Indies during these period. Few of the fine example of these architectural influence on churches are Bandung's Bethel church, Jakarta's St Joseph's Church, Semarang's Cathedral and Zion Church of Tomohon.

Apart from Art Deco as a form of modernism, there are also attempt by many Dutch architect to modernize the indigenous architecture by creating a synthesized form of architecture which combine western architecture with indigenous Indonesian elements. In 1936, Henri Maclaine Pont designed the Pohsarang Church in Kediri which incorporates Hindu-Buddhist elements into a Western building. This legacy lived on even after independence of Indonesia and is applied to various public buildings, including churches in the country. In 1972 native Balinese I Wayan Mastra, became head of the Balinese Protestant church, and began a process of Balinization. When Blimbingsari church, a basic stone and wood building was destroyed by earthquake in 1976, it was rebuilt in more Balinese pendopo style, with a garden with running water, traditional Balinese entrance and a semi-open aspect. A similar trend occurred in other islands, such as: Batak Karo architecture of to St. Francis Asisi's Church in Berastagi, and Ganjuran Church which used Javanese Joglo architecture.

Many Indonesian Protestants tend to congregate based more on ethnicity than liturgical differences. As a result, after the independence of Indonesia the Protestant Church of Indonesia was broke down into various denomination based on ethnicity, resulting relatively higher number of Protestant denomination per-capita in the country. The reason for this are also due to the cultural and languages preference among each of the different ethnic group in Indonesia.

Today

Although Protestantism and Catholicism is two of the 6 recognized religion in Indonesia, prosecution against Christian are common in the country, many of the conflict are linked to the extremist groups in the country. In the year 1999 Maluku sectarian conflict occurred, a religious and ethnic based violence which claimed many life of both Muslims and Christians. During this event the historic Immanuel church in Hila was destroyed, however Immanuel Church was later rebuilt with the help of the Muslims community. Another church in Ambon was set on fire in 2011, forcing the people inside to flee.

In December 2011, GKI Taman Yasmin, had been sealed. Local authorities refused to lift a ban on the activities of the church, despite an order from the Supreme Court of Indonesia. Local authorities have persecuted the Christian church for four years. In 2013 another church in Bekasi was forced to shut down due to the lack official permit for building the premise. While the state has ordered religious toleration, it has not enforced these order to protect religious minority in the country. 3 churches was burned and damaged in Temanggung, Central Java in 2011 as Christians were accused of distributing pamphlet that were "insulting" Islam.

In Aceh where Sharia law is applied it is against Governor Regulation No. 25/2007 about Guidelines for the Construction of Houses of Worship. In the regulations, the construction of a church in Aceh requires 150 congregations to apply for church construction permit. Indonesia is also notorious for its church bombing by extremist in the Christmas Eve of 2000.

Oldest churches in Indonesia

Below is a list of oldest church buildings in Indonesia based on its year of completion. To be listed here, the completion of the church building needs to be at least before the 20th century. Church with alterations which completely changed its look after the 20th century should not be placed in this table.

Name	Images	Location	Year (current building)	Affiliation	Architectural style	Remarks
Zion Church	120px	Jakarta	1695	Protestant	Portuguese colonial/Indies	The oldest church in Jakarta and possibly the oldest surviving church structure in Indonesia. It contain a Baroque organ from the 17th century, which was built in Taiwan.
Eben Haezer Church		Sila, Nusa Laut, Maluku	1719	Protestant	Portuguese colonial/Indies
Tugu Church		Jakarta	1747	Protestant	Portuguese colonial/Indies
Pasundan Christian Church of Cirebon	120px	Cirebon, West Java	1788	Reformed	Dutch Indies	The church was founded by zendeling A. Dijkstra who arrived on Cirebon in 1864. Later, the church moved into a small colonial building which has been built by the colonial government around 1788. The building is now a heritage building in Cirebon.
Beth Eden Church		Nusa Laut, Maluku	1817	Protestant	Portuguese colonial/Indies
GPIB Tamansari Church		Salatiga, Central Java	1823	Protestant	Dutch Indies	The year of the church's founding is mentioned in the building.
GPIB Pniel Church		Pasuruan, East Java	1829	Protestant	Dutch Indies	The year of the church's founding is mentioned in the building.
All Saints Church		Jakarta	1829	Anglican	Georgian Style	The only Anglican Church in Indonesia. It was established by London Missionary Society and is the first English institution in the country.
Baithlehem Church		Hutumuri, Southern Leitimur, Ambon Island, Maluku	1832	Protestant	Dutch Indies
GPIB Bethel Church		Tanjung Pinang, Riau Islands	1836	Reformed	Neogothic	The oldest church in the region, was known as "De Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk te Tandjoengpinang", the building was renovated in 1962 with some minor changes on the facade.
GPIB Immanuel Church	120px	Jakarta	1839	Protestant	Palladian
Old Immanuel Church	120px	Hila, Ambon Island, Maluku	1854	Protestant	Dutch colonial / Indies	The first building was built between 1780-1781 during the governance of governor Bernardus van Pleuren. The first building was wooden, later rebuilt using a more permanent material in 1854. On 20 January 1999, the building was destroyed by arson during Maluku secretarian conflict, but soon was rebuilt without altering its original form.
Old Church of Banda	120px	Banda Neira, Maluku	1852	Protestant	Neoclassical	The church was established in the early year of Dutch colonization of the island, the old wooden church was destroyed by earthquake and rebuilt in 1852.
id	120px	Yogyakarta	1857	Protestant	Neoclassical
Old Church of Nolloth		Nolloth, Saparua, Maluku	1860	Protestant	Dutch colonial / Indies
GPIB Immanuel Church		Probolinggo, East Java	1862	Protestant	Neogothic	Locally known as the "Red Church" for its bright red facade and is the oldest church in town.
Old Church of Watumea		Watumea, North Sulawesi	1872	Protestant	Indies	The church is the original wooden church building of Watumea, the first church in the city. The heritage wooden church was built in 1868 using local meterial and was inaugurated on December 8, 1872. The design and construction was overseen by Hessel Rooker, a Dutch missionary. Church bell and other church appliances was imported from Germany. On March 4, 2003, the building was made a heritage building by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
St. Joseph's Church		Semarang, Central Java	1875	Catholic	Neogothic	The oldest Catholic church in Semarang.
Soya Church		Negeri Soya, Ambon Island, Maluku	1876	Protestant		Unknown foundation time. In 1876, Raja Stephanus Jacob Rehatta expanded the original building with permanent material. During the leadership of Leonard Lodiwijk Rehatta, the church was renovated in 1927. In 1996, the church was restored and made heritage building under the Maluku Department of History and Archeology. On April 28, 2002, riot occurred in Negeri Soya and the church was destroyed. The building was later rebuilt without altering the original form.
Immanuel Church		Mandomai, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan	1876	Protestant	Neogothic	This church is part of id, it was established by Germans missionary of Zending Bazel mission (Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft) in 1855.
St. Joseph's Church		Cirebon, West Java	1878-1880	Catholic	Neo-Renaissance
GPIB Purworejo Church	120px	Purworejo, Central Java	1879	Protestant	Neogothic
Jawi Wetan Christian Church of Mojowarno	120px	Mojowarno, East Java	1879-1881	Protestant	Neoclassical	The building of the church was pioneered by Kyai Paulus Tosari (Kasan Jariyo), early leader of the Mojowarno congregation. The first laying of the stone was done by Christina Chaterina Kruyt, daughter of the zendeling of Mojowarno at that time, Jan Kruyt, on February 24, 1879. The church was officially inaugurated on March 8, 1881. The church is the center of a local harvest festival called Unduh-unduh annually enacted on May.
St. Fidelis Church of Sejiram		Sejiram, West Kalimantan	1890-1892	Catholic	Neogothic, vernacular
Jakarta Cathedral		Jakarta	1891-1901	Catholic	Neogothic	The current building was built on top of a former Catholic church that collapsed in 1890. Lack of funding halted the construction for nearly 10 years.
Blenduk Church		Semarang, Central Java	1894	Protestant	Neo-Baroque	The oldest church established in Central Java, it was first built in 1753. The initial church building had a joglo-style. In 1894 it was renovated to current form with dome and two spire.
Schwarz Sentrum Church		Lawongan, North Sulawesi	1895	Protestant	Indies	The church was founded by Johan Gotlieb Schwarz to convert the local population of animistic belief (Alifuru) into Christianity. The first church was established on 18 April 1847. The current building was built and completed on top of the former church building on 18 April 1895.
id		Bogor, West Java	1896	Catholic	Neogothic
Old Church of Sikka		Sikka, Flores, West Nusa Tenggara	1899	Catholic	Dutch Indies	Designed by Antonius Dijkmans, the Pasteur who also designed Jakarta Cathedral in 1893. The Church was finished in 1899.
id	120px	Surabaya, East Java	1899-1900	Catholic	Neogothic	Oldest church in Surabaya. First built in 1822 as Maria Geboorte Kerk by Mgr Lambertus Prinsen, it was re-built to its current form in 1899 by Fr J van Zanten SJ, and was consecrated as Onze Lieve Vrouw Geboorte Kerk in 1900 by the Archbishop of Batavia, Mgr Edmundus Luypen SJ. It suffered fire damage during the Battle of Surabaya.

Largest churches in Indonesia

Below is a list of the largest church buildings in Indonesia based on its capacity. To be listed here, the building capacity must exceed 5,000 and the building must used exclusively for church-related activities.

Name	Images	Building capacity	Area	Year	Location	Remarks
Bethany Graha Nginden		35,000		2000	Surabaya
Holy Stadium - Gospel of the Kingdom		12,000		2007	Semarang
GBI Mawar Saron		10,000		2003	Kelapa Gading, Jakarta
Messiah Cathedral		8,000		September 20, 2008	Kemayoran, Jakarta
GBI Rock Denpasar		5,000			Denpasar
GBI Keluarga Allah Solo		5,000			Surakarta

By regions

Java

DKI Jakarta

• All Saints Anglican Church (1819).
• Simultan Church, Menteng Pulo (1950)
• GKI Kwitang Church (established 1877, current form 1924, formerly known as "Gereformeerd Kwitang")
• GPIB Immanuel Church (1839, formerly known as "Willemskerk")
• GPIB Pniel Church (1915, formerly known as "Haantjeskerk")
• GPIB Koinonia Church (1916, formerly known as "Bethelkerk")
• GPIB Paulus Church (1936, formerly known as "Nassaukerk")
• GPIB Zion Church (1695, formerly known as "Portugeesche Kerk")
• Jakarta Cathedral (1901, official name: The Church of Our Lady Assumption)
• Messiah Cathedral
• St. Anthony of Padua's Church (1938)
• St. Joseph's Church, Matraman (1909)
• St. Theresia's Church (1934)
• Tugu Church (1748)

• Gerejaayam.jpg

  Gereja Pniel, popularly known as Gereja Ayam, "Cock Church" in Jakarta.

• 

  St. Joseph's Church in Matraman.

• GPIB Paulus 2013.jpg

  St. Paul's Protestant Church in Menteng.

• St-Theresia-Jakarta.png

  St. Theresia Church in Menteng.

• Bethelkerk 1910.jpg

  Koinonia Church in the 1910s, then known as Bethelkerk.

West Java

• Bandung Cathedral, Bandung (1922, Official name: St. Peter's Cathedral)
• Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of Seven Sorrows Church, Pandu, Bandung (1935, locally known as "Gereja Pandu")
• GKI Taman Cibunut Church, Bandung (1916)
• GPIB Bethel Church, Bandung (1924)
• GPIB Maranatha Church, Bandung (1927)
• St. Albanus Free Catholic Church, Bandung (1920)
• id, Bogor (1896, official name: St. Mary the virgin Cathedral)
• GPIB Zebaoth Church, Bogor (1920)
• Pasundan Christian Church (GKP), Palalangon, Cianjur Regency (1902)
• St. Ignatius Church, Cimahi (1906-1908)
• Pasundan Christian Church (GKP), Cirebon (around 1788, became a church in 1864)
• St. Joseph's Church, Cirebon (1880)
• id, Depok (1998, contain a bell dating back to 1675) (established in 1714, destroyed by earthquake in 1834 and rebuilt in 1854, later expanded in 1980 and 1998 due to overcapacity)
• St. Mary the Immaculate Church, Garut (1917)
• GKI Indramayu Church, Indramayu (1912)
• Trial of Christ's Church, Sukabumi (1911)
• Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish Church, Tasikmalaya (established 1931, current structure 1955)

• 

  GPIB Zebaoth in Bogor.

• Katedral 100609-2804 bo.jpg

  Bogor Cathedral.

• GerejaPanduBandung.JPG

  Parochial Church of Pandu.

• 

  Bandung Cathedral, designed by Wolff Schoemaker.

• GPIB Bethel Bandung.JPG

  Bandung Bethel Church, designed by Wolff Schoemaker in a new style.

Central Java

• St. Willibrordus's Church, Cepu, Blora Regency (1930)
• Javanese Gospel Church (GITJ), Donorojo, Jepara Regency (1935)
• GPIB Magelang Church, Magelang (1817)
• GPIB Kebon Polo Church, Magelang (1927)
• Javanese Christian Church (GKJ), Magelang (1921)
• St. Joseph the worker's Church, Mertoyudan, Magelang (1911)
• St. Ignatius Church, Magelang (established 1899, expanded in 1926 and later damaged by conflict, current form are from 1962)
• GPIB Immanuel Church, Probolinggo (1862) (Known locally as Gereja Merah or "red church")
• GPIB Purworejo Church, Purworejo (1879)
• Javanese Christian Church (GKJ), Jenar, Purworejo (1933)
• St. Mary the Virgin Church, Purworejo (1927)
• St. Anthony's Church, Muntilan (established in 1862, current structure 1911)
• GPIB Tamansari Church, Salatiga (1823)
• Javanese Christian Central-Northern Church (GKJTU), Salatiga (1918)
• St. Paul Miki's Church, Salatiga
• St. Joseph's Church, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency (1924, locally known as "Gereja Jago")
• Blenduk Church, Semarang (1753, current form 1894)
• GKI Gereformeerd Church, Semarang (1918)
• Holy Rosary Cathedral, Semarang (1927)
• Holy Family Atmodirono Church, Semarang (1940)
• St. Joseph's Church, Semarang (1875)
• GPIB Penabur Church, Surakarta (1980) (The church was built over an older Calvinist church known as Indische Kerk (1832). The older church was destroyed by a flood in 1966)
• Javanese Christian Church Margoyudan (GKJ), Surakarta (1916)
• St. Anthony's Church, Surakarta (1905)
• St. Peter's Church, Surakarta (1938)

• Gereja Santo Petrus Solo 2011 Bennylin 04.jpg

  St. Peter's Church of Surakarta.

• Gereja Santo Antonius Purbayan Solo by Bennylin 02.jpg

  St. Anthony's Church of Surakarta.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Straatgezicht bij de Gereformeerde kerk TMnr 60026219.jpg

  GKI Gereformeerde Church in Semarang.

• 

  Protestant Church in Rembang, now functioning as public library.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Straatgezicht met de rooms-katholieke kerk in Mendoet TMnr 10016589.jpg

  Catholic Church in Mendut village in 1928.

East Java

• St. Joseph's Church, Blitar (1931)
• St. John the Evangelist's Church, Bondowoso (1935-1936)
• Jawi Wetan Christian Church (GKJW), Mojowarno, Jombang Regency (1881)
• id, Pohsarang village (1936), Kediri
• GPIB Immanuel Church, Kediri (1904, Known locally as Gereja Merah or "red church")
• Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral, Malang (1934)
• Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Malang (1905, tower added in the 1930s, locally known as Gereja Kayutangan)
• GPIB Immanuel Church, Malang (1912)
• Jawi Wetan Christian Church (GKJW), Peniwen, Malang Regency
• St. Cornelius Church, Madiun (established 1899, current form 1937)
• GPIB Pniel, Pasuruan (1829) (The church was built on November 15, 1829)
• St. Anthony of Padua's Church, Pasuruan (1932)
• id, Surabaya (1899, locally known as Gereja Kepanjen)
• Christ the King Catholic Church, Ketabang, Surabaya (built in 1933, current form 1957)
• Christ the God Methodist Church, Surabaya (current church are built in 1952, Founded by Chinese Presbyterian movement in 1910 and later transferred to American Methodist Church in 1928)
• Jawi Wetan Christian Church (GKJW), Gubeng, Surabaya (1924)
• GPIB Immanuel Church, Surabaya (1920)
• GPIB Maranatha Church, Surabaya
• GKI Pregolan Bunder Church, Surabaya (1914-1920, formerly known as "Gereformeerd Surabaya")
• Sacred Heart Cathedral, Surabaya (1921)
• St. Bonafacius Free Catholic Church, Surabaya (1923)

• GerejaKathedralKuno WEB.jpg

  Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Malang.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De protestantse kerk aan de Aloon-Aloon te Malang Oost-Java. TMnr 60005867.jpg

  GPIB Immanuel Church in 1935.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Protestantse kerk in Pasoeroean TMnr 10016569.jpg

  Protestant Church of Pasuruan in the early 20th-century.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De katholieke kerk van Djember op Oost-Java TMnr 60009817.jpg

  The Old Catholic Church of Jember in 1928.

• Katedral Ijen Malang.JPG

  Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral in Malang, known locally as Ijen Cathedral.

Special Region of Yogyakarta

• id, Yogyakarta (1857)
• Javanese Christian Church Gondokusuman (GKJ), Yogyakarta (1913)
• St. Anthony of Padua's Church, Kotabaru, Yogyakarta (1918)
• St. Aloysius Gonzaga's Church, Mlati (1931)
• St. Mary of Loudres's Church, Promasan (1940)
• St. Theresia's Church, Sedayu (1925)
• St. Francis Xavier's Church, Kidul Loji (established in 1871)
• St. Joseph's Church, Bintaran (1930s)
• Ganjuran Church, Bantul (1920s)

• Bintaran Church Exterior (3).JPG

  St. Joseph's Church of Bintaran.

• Ganjuran Church exterior front (3).JPG

  Ganjuran Church of Bantul, Yogyakarta, was built in vernacular Javanese joglo style.

Sumatra

Aceh

• Sacred Heart Church, Banda Aceh (1926)

Riau Islands

• GPIB Bethel Church, Tanjung Pinang, Bintan Island (1836, formerly known as "De Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk te Tandjoengpinang")
• St. Mary the Immaculate Heart Church, Tanjung Pinang, Bintan Island

North Sumatra

• Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKPB), Balige, Toba Samosir Regency (founded 1861, current form 1917)
• Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKPB), Tomok, Toba Samosir Regency
• St. Francis of Assisi's Church, Berastagi (2005). The church was built in traditional Batak Karo architecture.
• Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKPB), Sudirman Road, Medan (1912, formerly known as "Elisabethkerk")
• Christ the King Nusantara Parish Catholic Church, Medan (Formerly known as the Chinese Catholic Church)
• GPIB Immanuel Church, Medan (1921)
• Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni, Medan (2005)
• Indonesian Christian Church (GKI), Percut Road, Medan (Formerly known as "Javaanse Gereformeerde Kerk")
• Indonesian Christian Church of North Sumatra (GKI Sumut), Medan (1904, formerly known as "Gereformeerde Kerk").
• Indonesian Methodist Church (GMI) Hang Tuah, Medan (Formerly known as Methodisten Kerk)
• Medan Cathedral, Medan (founded 1879, current form 1905)

West Sumatra

• St. Peter Claver's Church, Bukittinggi
• St. Agnes Church, Padang (formerly known as "Kloosterkerk")
• St. Fidelis Church, Payakumbuh
• St. Barbara's Church, Sawahlunto (1920s)

Bangka Belitung Islands

• GPIB Maranatha Church, Pangkal Pinang (1927, formerly known as "Kerkeraad der Protestansche Gemeente")
• St. Joseph Cathedral, Pangkal Pinang (1934)

South Sumatra

• GPIB Immanuel Church, Palembang (1948, Known locally as Gereja Ayam or "Cock Church")
• GPIB Siloam Church, Palembang (1933)
• St. Mary the Immaculate Church, Pagarjati (1932)
• St. Michael Church, Tanjung Sakti (1898)

Lampung

• GPIB Marturia Church, Bandar Lampung (1948)

• 

  HKPB Church in Balige, Lake Toba.

• 

  St. Barbara's Church of Sawahlunto.

• GPIB Immanuel Medan.jpg

  GPIB Immanuel's Church of Medan (1921).

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gereformeerde Kerk TMnr 60016271.jpg

  Indonesian Christian Church of North Sumatra in Medan in 1923.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De protestantse kerk aan de Cremerweg TMnr 10016573.jpg

  An Old Protestant Church in Medan.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kloosterkerk TMnr 10016577.jpg

  St. Agnes Church in Padang, 1920.

• GrahaMaria.JPG

  Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni in Medan.

Borneo

West Kalimantan

• St. Fidelis Church of Sejiram, Kapuas Hulu (1890)
• St. Joseph Cathedral, Pontianak (established 1909, rebuilt in 1950, original building were completely revamped as of 2012)
• St. Francis Asisi Church, Singkawang (Early 20th century)
• GSRI Tamansari Church, Singkawang

Central Kalimantan

• id, Mandomai, Kapuas Regency (founded 1855, current form 1876, renovated in 1928)

South Kalimantan

• id, Banjarmasin (1931, official name: Holy Family Cathedral)

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een pas gebouwde Rooms-Katholieke kerk van de MSF op Borneo TMnr 60051428.jpg

  Banjarmasin Cathedral in the 1930s.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kerk van de zending in Bandjermasin TMnr 10016584.jpg

  Gereformeede Zending mission church in Banjarmasin.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Straatgezicht bij de Protestantse kerk Singkawang TMnr 60014520.jpg

  A Protestant church in Singkawang in 1920.

Sulawesi

North Sulawesi

• Schwarz Sentrum Church, Langowan (1895)
• Manado Cathedral, Manado (founded 1919, official name: Holiest heart of Mary Cathedral)
• Sentrum Church, Manado (1952)
• Zion Church, Tomohon (1930) (The original wooden church was built at least before 1878, according to the first establishment of the bell tower, which was built in 1878. In 1929, the current church building was built above the original church. The building was inaugurated in 1930. The building is 30x20 meter)
• Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Tomohon
• Old Church of Watumea, Watumea (1872)

South Sulawesi

• id, Makassar (built in 1898 as a neogothic church, later expanded and tower added in the 1940s, official name: Sacred Heart of Jesus Cathedral)
• Immanuel Protestant Church, Makassar (1885)

West Sulawesi

• Toraja Church of Mamasa, Mamasa (1929)
• Toraja Church of Rantepao, Rantepao

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Rooms-Katholieke kerk TMnr 10029432.jpg

  The original building of the Catholic Church of Manado.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Rooms-Katholieke kerk Makassar TMnr 10029315.jpg

  Makassar Cathedral in 1947.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De protestantse kerk en de gouverneurswoning aan het Kerkplein Makassar TMnr 10015131.jpg

  GPIB Protestant Church of Makassar in 1919.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kerk te Tomohon. TMnr 60008323.jpg

  Sacred Heart Church in Tomohon, 1920.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kerk TMnr 10016602.jpg

  A Torajan Protestant Church in Rantepao, Tanah Toraja in 1937.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kerk van de zending in Toraja bouwstijl Sangalla TMnr 10016585.jpg

  Zending mission church in Sangalla, Tanah Toraja.

Bali

• Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Palasari
• Pniel Protestant Church, Blimbingsari

Lesser Sunda Islands

• Mater Boni Consili (MBC) Church, Bajawa, Flores
• Christo Regi Cathedral, Ende, Flores
• Sacred heart Church, Wolowaru, Ende, Flores (1937)
• Reihna Rosari Cathedral, Larantuka, Flores
• Christ the King Mbau Muku Church, Ruteng, Manggarai Regency, Flores
• Old Cathedral of Ruteng, Manggarai Regency, Flores (1929-1939)
• Old Church of Sikka, Sikka, Flores (1899)

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kleurenlitho van een kerk op Lomblen TMnr 5426-10.jpg

  An old Catholic church in Lomblen Island.

• 

  Ende's Christo Regi Cathedral.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De Rooms-Katholieke kerk in Sikka TMnr 60007490.jpg

  A Catholic church in Sikka in 1915.

The Moluccas

Ambon Islands

In Ambon Island, many of the church building, including 18th century St. Immanuel's Old Church of Hila were destroyed during the Maluku sectarian conflict. Some of these churches have been restored by the community.

• Ambon Cathedral, Ambon (founded in 1901, official name: St. Francis Xaverius Cathedral)
• id, Ambon (1954)
• Baithlehem Church, Hutumuri, Southern Leitimur (1832)
• Joseph Kam's Church
• Old Church of Hatu, West Leihitu
• St. Immanuel's Old Church, Hila (1781, current form 1854)
• Soya Church (founded 1546, current form 1876)

Nusalaut Islands

• Ebenhaezer Church, Sila, Nusa Laut (1719)
• Beth Eden Church, Nusa Laut (1817)

Saparua Islands

• Old Church of Nolloth, Saparua (1860)

Banda Islands

• Old Church of Banda, Banda Neira (established early 1600s, damaged by earthquake and rebuilt in 1852)

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Protestanse kerk TMnr 60033724.jpg

  Old Church of Banda Neira in 1937.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Het uitgaan van de protestantse kerk Ambon TMnr 10016587.jpg

  Old Protestant Church of Ambon.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Interieur van de hervormde kerk te Ambon TMnr 60033488.jpg

  Interior of the Hervormde Kerk Amboina.

• COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bord op de oudste protestantse kerk van Ambon in Hila Kaitetu dat de bouw van de kerk in de jaren 1780-1781 memoreert TMnr 20017955.jpg

  A memorial for the St. Immanuel's Old Church of Hila.

Papua

West Papua

• Orange Church, Doom Island (1911)

Papua

• Old church of Asei, Asei Island, Sentani (1928)

See also

• List of oldest church buildings
• List of cathedrals in Indonesia
• Christianity in Indonesia
• Christmas in Indonesia
• Colonial architecture of Indonesia

External links

Media related to at Wikimedia Commons