List of largest church buildings in the world

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Seville Cathedral, the third largest church building in the world and the largest cathedral.

This article lists the largest church buildings in the world as measured by various criteria.

Scope

The term church is open to interpretation and debate. In this article, it means any building that was built for the primary purpose of Christian worship. The list does include at least one building, the Hagia Sophia, that was originally a church but later became a mosque - and is now a museum.

Measurements

File:Relative size of churches.png
Relative size of churches

Whilst claims are made about the relative size of churches many of these claims are not easily substantiated. "Largest" is at best a vague term, which is often not qualified by claimants. Accepted measures of largeness could include area, volume, length, width, height, and/or capacity, although the last is far more subjective. It is important to note therefore that churches may claim to be "the largest" based on only one of these measurements; and thus that there may be several churches that have equal claim to be "the largest church". Since there is no official body governing these claims, there is no generally accepted criterion for being "the largest church".

The list below attempts to rank churches by different (more-or-less) objective criteria, and thus may generate different orders depending on the measure used. Churches for which claims are made but dimensions cannot be found are not included on the below lists.

For length, width and height, there is usually a definitive statistic for each church, which can easily be compared. However, for area and volume, the situation is often more complex. It is often possible to find multiple values quoted for the area/volume of a church in references. Many values appear to be estimates or approximations (especially for volume), or may have been calculated by multiplying lengths, widths and heights. In the latter case, the exact dimensions used (internal vs. external, etc.) may give very different figures. Therefore, although area and volume are the most common 'largeness' measures, they are also apt to be the least reliable. This should be borne in mind when comparing church sizes.

Area (m²) Gross volume (m³) Name Built City Country Denomination Comment
130,000[1] >1,000,000 LDS Conference Center 1997-2000 Salt Lake City  United States The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Structure covers most of a 10 acre block; more than 570,000 cu meters excavated prior to construction; seats over 21,000.[2]
15,160 (interior)[3][4]
21,095 (exterior)[3]		 5,000,000[5] St. Peter's Basilica 1506–1626 Vatican City   Vatican City Catholic (Roman Rite) Area can be verified on a plan printed as 205% size in 1:1000 scale to match a 41.47 m dome internal diameter
15,000 (exterior) Lakewood Church building Houston, Texas  United States Nondenominational Christianity Converted sports arena
12,000 1,200,000[6] Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida 1955–80 Aparecida  Brazil Catholic (Roman Rite) Church dimensions 173×168 m yielding a maximum area of 29,000 m²[7]
11,600[8] First Family Church Kansas  United States Southern Baptist Convention Church no longer in operation
11,520[9] 500,000 + Seville Cathedral 1401–1528 Seville  Spain Catholic (Roman Rite) The largest Gothic cathedral in the world[10]
11,200[5] 480,000[11] Cathedral of Saint John the Divine 1892–present (unfinished) New York City  United States Anglican (Episcopal Church in the U.S.) Unfinished, lacking transepts among other components
10,186[12] 440,000 Milan Cathedral 1386–1965 Milan  Italy Catholic (Ambrosian Rite) Touring Club Italiano claims 11,700 m² (earlier sources state 8,406 m²)[4][13]
9,717 (interior)[14] Abbey of Santa Giustina 1501–1606[15] Padua  Italy Catholic (Roman Rite)
9,240 300,000[16] Basilica of Our Lady of Licheń 1994–2004 Licheń Stary  Poland Catholic (Roman Rite) 9,240 m²[16] or 10,090 m²
9,687[17] 450,000 + Liverpool Cathedral 1904–78 Liverpool  United Kingdom Anglican (Church of England)
8,700[18] 130,000 Church of the Most Holy Trinity 2004-2007 Fátima  Portugal Catholic (Roman Rite) Area given as 12,000m²[6]
8,515 Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls IV–1823 Rome  Italy Catholic (Roman Rite)
8,318[19] Basilica-Cathedral of Our Lady of the Pillar 1681–1872 Zaragoza  Spain Catholic (Roman Rite)
8,300 Florence Cathedral 1296–1436 Florence  Italy Catholic (Roman Rite)
8,260 190,000 Ulm Minster 1377–1890 Ulm  Germany Lutheran Tallest in the world
8,000 Basilica of the Sacred Heart 1905–70 Koekelberg (Brussels)  Belgium Catholic (Roman Rite)
8,167 Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe 1974–76 Mexico City  Mexico Catholic (Roman Rite) Circular base of 102 m in diameter[20]
8,000[21] Cathedral of Our Lady 1352–1521 Antwerp  Belgium Catholic (Roman Rite)
7,989 (interior)
30,000 (exterior)[22]		 Basilica of Our Lady of Peace 1985–89 Yamoussoukro  Ivory Coast Catholic (Roman Rite) The enclosed area approximately 8,000 m²[23]
7,960 255,800 [24] Hagia Sophia 532–537 Istanbul  Turkey Orthodox (Ecumenical Patriarchate) Was the largest church in the world for a millennium, now a museum
7,920 270,000 San Petronio Basilica[25] 1390–1479 Bologna  Italy Catholic (Roman Rite) World's largest Gothic brick church
7,914 407,000[26] Cologne Cathedral 1248–1880 Cologne  Germany Catholic (Roman Rite) Gross volume without buttresses
7,875[4] St Paul's Cathedral 1677–1708 London  United Kingdom Anglican (Church of England)
7,712[27] Washington National Cathedral 1907–90 Washington, DC  United States Anglican (Episcopal Church in the U.S.)
7,700[28] 200,000 (interior only) Amiens Cathedral 1220–70 Amiens  France Catholic (Roman Rite) Gross volume slightly below 400,000
7,097 (interior)
12,069 (exterior)[29]		 Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception 1919–61 Washington, DC  United States Catholic (Roman Rite) interior decoration remains unfinished
6,825 660,000 Saint Joseph's Oratory 1904–67 Montreal  Canada Catholic (Roman Rite)
6,650 Reims Cathedral 1211–75 Reims  France Catholic (Roman Rite) The longest church in France
6,044 Strasbourg Cathedral 1015–1439 Strasbourg  France Catholic (Roman Rite)
6,038 Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels 1998–2002 Los Angeles  United States Catholic (Roman Rite)
6,020[30] 43,300 De Hoeksteen, Barneveld 2007–08 Barneveld  Netherlands Protestant
5,600 Esztergom Basilica 1822–69 Esztergom  Hungary Catholic (Roman Rite)
5,500 Notre Dame de Paris 1163–1345 Paris  France Catholic (Roman Rite)
5,400 Sagrada Familia 1882–present Barcelona  Spain Catholic (Roman Rite) Unfinished
5,240 Cathedral of Christ the Saviour 1839–1883 Moscow  Russia Orthodox (Moscow Patriarchate) Rebuilt during 1995-2000
5,170 New Cathedral, Linz 1862–1924 Linz  Austria Catholic (Roman Rite)
5,017 Westminster Cathedral 1895–1910 London  United Kingdom Catholic (Roman Rite)
5,000 155,000 St. Mary's Church[31] 1343–1502 Gdańsk  Poland Catholic (Roman Rite)
5,000 137,000 Holy Trinity Cathedral 1995–2004 Tbilisi  Georgia Orthodox (Patriarchate of Georgia) Description see[32]
4,968[33] Winchester Cathedral 1079–1525 Winchester  United Kingdom Anglican (Church of England) The longest Gothic Cathedral in Europe.
4,320[34] Basilica de San Martin de Tours (Taal) 1856–78 Taal, Batangas  Philippines Catholic (Roman Rite)
4,273[35] Ely Cathedral, Cambridgeshire 1083–1375 Ely  United Kingdom Anglican (Church of England) Third-largest medieval Cathedral in the United Kingdom
4,188 217,000 Frauenkirche[36] 1468–1525 Munich  Germany Catholic (Roman Rite) The largest Gothic brick church north of the Alps and the largest hall church
4,000 Saint Isaac's Cathedral 1818–1858 Saint Petersburg  Russia Orthodox (Moscow Patriarchate)
3,822 Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral, Yerevan 1997–2001 Yerevan  Armenia Armenian Apostolic Church
3,650[37] 170,000[37] Church of Saint Sava 1935–89 Belgrade  Serbia Orthodox (Patriarchate of Serbia) The largest church in the Balkans.
3,170[38] Alexander Nevsky Cathedral 1882–1912 Sofia  Bulgaria Orthodox (Patriarchate of Bulgaria)
2,800[39] Medak Cathedral 1914–26 Medak  India Anglican (Church of South India)
2,135 64,040[40] Basilica of St. John the Baptist 1839–55 St. John's  Canada Catholic (Roman Rite) The largest church in eastern Canada
1,760 32,162[41] All Saints Cathedral, Halifax 1907–10 Halifax  Canada Anglican (Church of Canada) The largest Anglican cathedral church in Canada

By height

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Main article: List of tallest churches in the world

By length

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Main article: List of longest church buildings in the world

See also

References

  1. ↑ https://www.lds.org/ensign/2005/06/news-of-the-church/mormon-tabernacle-choir-getting-acquainted-with-conference-center?lang=eng
  2. ↑ http://www.architectureweek.com/2001/0207/design_1-1.html
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Wikisource-logo.svg Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ [Read more at http://www.christianpost.com/news/125000-sq-foot-kansas-megachurch-building-still-for-sale-66315/#oIoMCGJzJ0SJsQJ1.99 Megachurch for sale]
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Ellis, Edward Robb Edgewood Apartments p. 413
  12. ↑ Paved surface of the cathedral according to the City Planning Assessor. "Corriere della sera", 3 April 2011.
  13. ↑ And third largest after St. Peter and Cathedral of Seville. "Milano", Touring Club Italiano, Milano, 1985. ISBN 88-365-0004-8. Page 130.
  14. ↑ Calculated as length * width = 118.5m * 82m = 9,717m^2, see Basilica e Abbazia di Santa Giustina
  15. ↑ Basilica e Abbazia di Santa Giustina
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 9,240 m² of Lichen Basilica: enclosed main floor includes transept and apse at 290 m², enclosed tower floor at 560 m², open tower and gallery floor at 23,000 m² (which excludes the porticos at 530 m²), total area includes all floorsLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ data from http://www.bolognawelcome.com, Basilica di San Petronio plus calculations as follows:
    • San Petronio de Bologna: The footplan of the building is a simple rectangle
      • Area = length of the building x width of the building = 132 m x 60 m
    • The volume, without the roofs, can be calculated as a sum of five cuboids, one single (the central nave) and two pairs (the aisles and the files of chapels). The sum each of the pairs can be calculated as one cuboid of double width. Knowing the height of the central nave and the width of the building, the measures of the sections can be calculated by measuring an orthograde photo of the facade.
      • Volume = (traverse section of the central nave [width = 22 m, height = 44.27 m] + sum of the traverse sections of the two aisles [width = 20 m, height = 29.06 m] + sum of the traverse sections of the two files of chapels [width = 18 m, height = 22.38 m]) x length of the building [132 m]
      • (973.94 + 581.2 + 402.84) x 132 = 1,957.98 x 132 = 258,453.36
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ http://www.vanbeijnumarch.nl/projecten/kerken/ggin-barneveld/
  31. ↑ http://structurae.net/structures/saint-marys-church
  32. ↑ Description of Tblisi Cathedral: The overall area of the cathedral, including its large narthex, is 5,000 square meters and the volume it occupies is 137,000 cubic meters. The interior of the church measures 56 metres by 44 metres, with an interior area of 2,380 square metres. The height of the cathedral from the ground to the top of the cross is 105,5 metres. The underground chapel occupies 35,550 cubic metres. The height is 13 metres.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Basilica de San Martin de Tours (Taal)
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ data from www.muenchen.de Frauenkirche (Dom Zu Unserer Lieben Frau) plus calculations as follows: Munich Frauenkirche is a hall church without a transept, but with an ambulatory ao full height around the choir. Therefore the volume of the hall can simply be calculated as the sum of a cubiod and half of a cylindre of the same height. With a length of 109 m and a width of 40 m and a height of the interior of 37 m, that makes
    • (89 m x 40 m + π x 20 m x 20 m ÷ 2) x 37 m = 4,188 m² x 37 m = 154,956 m³.
    The ridge is 58 m above the ground, that is 21 m above the tops aof the vaults:
    • roof above the cuboid: (58 m – 37 m) x 40 m x 98 m ÷ 2 = 21 m x 40 m x 49 m = 41.160 m³
    • roof above the hemi-cylindre: 20 m x 20 m x 21 m x π ÷ 6 = 4396 m³
    • sum of the roof = 45,556
    • sum of nave and roof = 200.512
    • estimated volume of the towers (98 m) above the roof 2 x 13 m x 13 m x ( 98 m - 48 m) = 16.900 m³
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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