List of loanwords in Indonesian

The Indonesian language has absorbed many loanwords from other languages, including Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, Portuguese, Dutch, Chinese and other Austronesian languages.

Indonesian differs from the Malaysian language in a number of respects, primarily due to the different influences both languages experienced and also due to the fact that majority of Indonesians speaks their native language as their first. Bahasa Indonesia function as lingua franca that unites 200 various languages over the archipelago.

Vice versa, words of Malay-Indonesian origin also has been borrowed into English. Words borrowed into English (e.g., bamboo, orangutan, dugong, amok) generally entered through Malay language by way of British colonial presence in Malaysia and Singapore, similar to the way the Dutch have been borrowing words from the various native Indonesian languages. One exception is "bantam", derived from the name of the Indonesian province Banten in Western Java (see Oxford American Dictionary, 2005 edition). Another is "lahar" which is Javanese for a volcanic mudflow. Still other words taken into modern English from Malay/Indonesian probably have other origins (e.g., "satay" from Tamil, or "ketchup" from Chinese).

At its development stage, various native terms (mostly Javanese) from all over the archipelago made its way to the language. The Dutch adaptation of the Malay language during colonial period had resulted significant amount of Dutch loanwords and vocabulary. The event significantly impacted the original Malay language which gradually developed into the modern Indonesian language.

Chronology

The study on Indonesian etymology and loan words reflected its historical and social context. Examples are the early Sanskrit borrowings probably in the Srivijaya period, the borrowings from Arabic and Persian during the time of the establishment of Islam in particular, and the ones from Dutch during the colonial period. Linguistic history and cultural history are clearly linked.

• Early Hindu and Buddhist influence from India results in many Sanskrit words in Indonesian (and especially adopted through Javanese influence). Indian traders may have contributed words as well, in Tamil and Sanskrit-related languages.
• Indonesian has involved in trade with Chinese since ancient times and also significant of Chinese immigrants began to migrate to Indonesia, as the result some of Chinese language, especially Hokkien dialect being absorbed into Indonesian.
• Muslim influence, which came at first through Arabic and Persian traders, over a number of centuries results in an extensive Arabic influence and also Persian.
• Portuguese contact, trade and colonization in the 16th century was the first contact between Indonesia and European culture, and had an influence that remains today, in spite of the relatively short time period of that influence.
• Dutch colonization and administration, lasting from the 17th century to the 20th, had an extensive impact on the vocabulary. As Dutch-trained linguists determined the rules for the official Indonesian language, Dutch thus had an impact on the structure of the language as well. For example, suffixes such as "-as" (e.g., kwalitas = quality), "-asi" (e.g., administrasi = administration), and "-if" (e.g., fiktif = fictive) were applied with consistency. Some loan words are still intensively used today, although there are Indonesian equivalents of them.
• Modern Indonesian regularly adapts new words from other languages, particularly English. In contrast to the large number of mechanical terms borrowed from Dutch (e.g., automotive parts), hitech words are typically taken from English (e.g., internet).

But the processes may also be ‘out of period’; for example, Indonesian words are still being concocted from Sanskrit, and the influence of the Dutch language certainly continued after the Dutch themselves left.

Indonesian has also generalized brand names into common (lower-case) nouns as generic name. For example, "sanyo" refers to any electrical well pump, regardless of manufacturer or "odol" as all of toothpastes. This is similar to the type of generalization that occurs in English words like "xerox" or "tampax" or "polaroid".

List of loanwords

From Austronesian languages

From Minangkabau

Most of Indonesian languages vocabulary are natively derived from Malay, but some might be ultimately loanwords from Minang language. Yet it is unclear, since Malay and Minang are closely related, and some might consider that Minang language was a precursor or old dialect of Malay language.

Word	Meaning	Original word
acuh	careful	acuah
anjungan	pavilion	anjuang
awak	you (regional), crew, member	awak
bantah	denies	bantah
baruh	lowland	baruah
bernas	spirited	boneh
bunda	mother	bundo
buyung	sonny	buyuang
cabul	lewd	cabua
cakak	fight	cakak
campin	skilled	campin
cegak	vigorous	cegak
celoteh	babble	ciloteh
cemeeh	jeer	cemeeh
cengang	amazed	cangang
dara	girl, virgin, dove	daro
dadih	buttermilk	dadiah
dendang	sing	dendang
gadang	large	gadang
gadis	girl, virgin	gadih
gaek	aged	gaek
galau	confusion	galau
gelimang	mixed	galimang
gengsi	prestige	gengsi
heboh	commotion, fuss	heboh: noisy
himbau	call	imbau
jangat	skin	jangek
jenjang	ladder	janjang
jerang	boiled	jarang
jinjing	pick-up	jinjiang
junjung	respectful	junjuang
kelok	meanders	kelok
lamban	slow	lamban
lancang	sassy	lancang
nan	which, who (connecting word)	nan
ngarai	canyon	ngarai
nian	very, really, trully	nian
pencak	art (martial art)	pancak
penghulu	chief of family	panghulu
ranah	realm, domain	ranah: land
rancak	beautiful	rancak
rantau	foreign country	rantau
rendang	rendang	randang
sanak	family	sanak
semarak	splendor	semarak
silat	silat (martial art)	silek
surau	mosque	surau
tandas	demolished	tandeh
teroka	open up new areas	taruko
terompah	sandals	tarompah
tuah	good luck	tuah
tungkai	leg	tungkai
usang	obsolete	usang

From Javanese

Compared to Malay language spoken as the native regional language in Sumatra and Malay peninsula or standardized version of Malaysian language, Indonesian language differ profoundly by a large amount of Javanese loanwords incorporated into their already rich vocabulary. This is mostly contributed by Java's position as the center of Indonesian politics, education, and culture, since the capital is located in Jakarta on Java island, albeit in the area where the Javanese are not the majority. The disproportionate number of Javanese that dominate the Indonesian politics is reflected by the fact that six out of seven Indonesian presidents have been ethnic Javanese. The result is that the Javanese began to pour their own vocabulary into Indonesian to describes terms and words that do not have exact counterparts in Malay language. It is also important to note that most of Indonesian Sanskrit loanwords are derived and conducted through Old Javanese, a language whose Sanskrit borrowings number almost 50% of the total vocabulary.

Word	Meaning	Original word
adem	cool temperature	adhem
adiluhung/adiluhur	refined, highly sophisticated taste	adiluhung
amblas	vanish	amblas
ambruk	collapse	ambruk
among	nurture	among
ampuh	potent	ampuh
anggun	graceful	anggun
angker	haunted	angker
anjlok	dropped	anjlok
antek	stooge	antek
anyar	new	anyar
apik	neat, nice	apik
asri	beautiful (scenery/nature), neat, clean, nice	asri
ayu	beautiful (women), pretty, gorgeous, graceful, elegant	ayu
ayom	give shade, foster, protect	ayom, hangayomi
baluwarti	palace fortified wall	baluwerti
bangsal	hall	bangsal, ultimately from Sanskrit: sala (room)
batik	batik	mbatik, from: amba-nitik
bejat	depraved	bejat
beres	completed	beres
betot	pull suddenly	betot
bopong	carry	bopong
brandal	thugs	brandalan
bromocorah	criminal	bromocorah
buron/buronan	runaway or fugitive	buron: from buru-an (to be hunted)
candi	temple	candhi
canggih	sophisticated	canggih
cebol	midget	cebol
celingukan	look around	celingukan
ceplas ceplos	speak out frankly	ceplas ceplos
copet	pick pocket	copet
dengkul	knee	dengkul
doyan	be fond	doyan
edan	crazy	edhan
empu	maestro, master craftsman	mpu
ganteng	handsome	ngganteng
gebrakan	blow	gebrakan
gede	big	gede
gembok	padlock	gembok
gendong	pickaback	gendong
gerebek	raid	grebeg: traditional ceremony involving mass competing to grab sacred objects
gilas	run over	giles
gosong	scorched	gosong
irit	frugal	irit
jagal	butcher	jagal
jago	skillful, expert	jago: rooster
jagoan	tough guy, hero	jago: rooster
jajan	snack	jajan
kedut	twitching	kedutan
kemben	torso wrap	kembhen
kesurupan	possessed	surup: fit, enter
konde	bulbous hairdo or hair extension on the back of the head	kondhe
lara	sadness (poetic)	lara: sickness
larung	intentionally swept or send away through water (river/sea)	larung
lapik	base	lapik
luhur	noble, high	dhuwur, luhur
manut	obedient	manut
melengos	looked away	melengos
minggat	flee	minggat
mumpuni	accomplished	mumpuni
nusantara	Indonesian archipelago, archipelago	nusantara
nganggur	idle, jobless	nganggur
pagar langkan	balustrade	pagar langkan
pamrih	intention	pamrih
pemirsa	viewers	pemirsa
pendopo	roofed front open hall	pendhopo, ultimately from Sanskrit: mandapa (front hall as part of temple)
pilek	flu	pilek
resik	clean, well maintained	resik
sedot	suck	sedot
selaras	harmonious	slaras
selingkuh	affair	selingkuh
semberono	careless	sembrono
semrawut	complicated mess, out of order	semrawut
sungkan	shy	sungkan
tentram	peaceful	tentrem
tembang	song	tembang
titisan	reincarnated	nitis
tuntas	complete	tuntas
undakan	stages	undhak
unduh	download	unduh
unggah	upload	munggah
umpak	base	umpak

From Sundanese

Other than Javanese, Sundanese is another local language that influences Indonesian language's vocabulary, albeit to a lesser extent. This is attributed to the fact that the capital, Jakarta, was formerly a part of West Java, a province which, together with Banten before it too was divided, constitutes the Pasundan (Sundanese world), the most significant non-Javanese region in an otherwise Javanese-dominated Java island. Some of the most populated cities in Indonesia are also located in the Pasundan, including West Java's capital, Bandung, and Jakarta's four satellite cities (Bekasi, Bogor, Depok, and Tangerang).

Word	Meaning	Original word
aci	tapioca flour	aci sampeu
amburadul	mess, something out of order	amburadul
anjangsana	high official visiting	anjangsana
balairung	hall	bale riung: traditional building for meeting
bloon (spelled blo-'on)	stupid	blo'on/o'on
getol	active	getol
hatur	to express, to send (polite)	haturkeun
jangkung	tall	jangkung
juara	champion, winner	jawara: tough guy, fighter, hero
kedap	proof as in "kedap air" (waterproof)	kedap
kesima	awe, amaze	kesima
kesohor	famous	kasohor
kolot	old fashioned	kolot: old
lalap	raw vegetable, consumed	lalab
majikan	boss	majikan
menyaru	pretending, camouflaging	verbal form of saru: undistinguishable
risih	uneasy, uncomfortable	risih
patungan	chip in, joint-venture, collecting money to buy something for common use	patungan
pengaruh	influence	pangaruh
pemulung	waste picker	noun of the verb pulung: pick
pepes	cooking method using banana leaf wrapping	papais: plural form of pais
siksa	torture	siksa: education
uwa	uncle or aunty older than parent	uwa

From Betawi

Betawi language is a Malay-based creole that arose from influences by foreign traders who stopped at the capital, Jakarta, including the Chinese and the Arabs. Most of its speakers are the inhabitants of Jakarta, and its influence to Indonesian is attributed to its frequent usage in Indonesian mass media, including radio and television. Its status as a "hip" language by other aspects of Indonesian society is another contributing factor as well.

Word	Meaning	Original word
abal-abal	fake, false	abal-abal
bangkotan	aged	bangkotan
begah	replete	begah
butut	old fashioned	butut
cebur	splash	cebur
entot	copulate	entot
gelandang	football midfielder, bringer	gelandang
gelandangan	homeless	gelandangan
gelandang	football midfielder, bringer	gelandang
mampus	dead	mampus
ngamen	street performance	ngamen
ribet	complicated, hard, not easy	ribet
rombeng	rags	rombeng
timpuk	throw	timpuk
udak	chase	udak

From Nias

Word	Meaning	Original word
anda	you (respectful)	anda

From Batak

Word	Meaning	Original word
molek	voluptuous	molek

From Maluku

Word	Meaning	Original word
beta	I, me, myself	béta

From Manado

Word	Meaning	Original word
pasti	surely	so pasti

From Indian languages

From Sanskrit

Although Hinduism and Buddhism are no longer the major religions of Indonesia, Sanskrit which was the language vehicle for these religions, is still held in high esteem and is comparable with the status of Latin in English and other Western European languages. Sanskrit is also the main source for neologisms, these are usually formed from Sanskrit roots. For example, the name of Jayapura city (former Hollandia) and Jayawijaya Mountains (former Orange Range) in Indonesian province of Papua were coined in the 1960s, both are Sanskrit origin name to replace its Dutch colonial names. Some Indonesian contemporary medals of honor and awards; such as Bintang Mahaputra medal, Kalpataru award and Adipura award, are also Sanskrit derived names.

The loanwords from Sanskrit cover many aspects of religion, art and everyday life. The Sanskrit influence came from contacts with India long ago before the 1st century. The words are either directly borrowed from India or with the intermediary of the Old Javanese language. In the classical language of Java, Old Javanese, the number of Sanskrit loanwords is far greater. The Old Javanese — English dictionary by prof. P.J. Zoetmulder, S.J. (1982) contains no fewer than 25,500 entries. Almost half are Sanskrit loanwords. Sanskrit loanwords, unlike those from other languages, have entered the basic vocabulary of Indonesian to such an extent that, for many, they are no longer perceived to be foreign.

Word	Meaning	Original word
acara	event, item in a programme	ācāra: custom, practice, behavior
acar	pickles	achaar (Hindi)
adakala	sometimes	kadā-kāla: lit. whenever-time
adi	ultimate (poetic)	adhi
agama	religion	āgama: traditional doctrine, sacred teaching
aneka	multifarious, varied, all sorts	aneka: many, various
anekaragam	variety show	aneka-rāgam: various color
anekawarna	multi-coloured	aneka-varṇa: variety of color
anggota	limb, member	aṅga-jāḥ: born from the body, limbs, member
angkara	insolence, cruel	ahaṁ-kāra: ego, pride-maker
aksara	letter	akṣara
alpa	negligent	alpa: small, minute
angka	numerical figure	aṅka: numerical constant
angkasa	sky	ākāśa
angkasawan	astronaut	ākāśa-vān: the sky + having; possessing
angsa	goose	haṁsa: swan
angsana	Pterocarpus Indica (tree)	asana: Terminalia Tomen Indica (tree)
aniaya	maltreatment, abuse, injustice, tyranny	anyāya: sinful activities, mischief
antara	among, (in) between	antar: among, between, in the middle
anugerah	award, honour, grace	anugraha: to bestow blessings, compassion
angsana	Pterocarpus Indica (tree)	asana: Terminalia Tomen Indica (tree)
asa	hope	āśā
asmara	love, passion	smara
asrama	dormitory	āśrama
atau	or	athavā: alternatively, or, either
ayah	father	ārya, ayya (same in Tamil and Telugu)
baca	read	vāc: words, talk
bagai	as if, like	bhaga: good fortune
bagi	for, give	bhāga: "(to) divide"
baginda	majesty	bhāgya: part, good fortune + -nda: Austronesian suffix
bagus	fine, good, exemplary	bhaga: good fortune, happiness, welfare
bahagia	blissful, lucky, blessed, happy	bhāgya: good fortune, luck, happiness
bahasa	language	bhāṣā
bahaya	danger	bhaya
bahu	shoulder	bāhu: arm
bahwa	that (conj.)	bhava: become, state of being
bahtera	ship	vahitra: a boat, ship
baiduri	opal (gem)	vaiḍūrya: cat's eye (gem)
bakti, bhakti	homage, devotion, service etc.	bhakti
bala	disaster, calamity; also means help, assist	bala: by the strength
bangsa	nation, race	vaṁśa: lineage, dynasty
bangsawan	noble	vaṁśa-vān: of the dynasty + having, possessing
barat	west	bhārata: India, located west from Indonesia
bayu	wind (poetic)	vāyu: Hindu god of wind
basmi	eliminate, destroy	bhasman: devour, consume, pulverize (to ashes)
bela	defend	velā: time-limit, boundary, interval
belaka	merely	bālaka: young
belantara	jungle	vanāntara: (interior of a) forest
belia	youth	bālya: childhood age
belanja	shopping, expense	valanja: that which is spent
bencana	disaster, calamity	vañcana: deception
berahi	passionate love	virahin: separated from one's beloved
berhala	idol, image of a god	bhaṭṭāra: lord
berita	news	varta
bestari	clever	vistārin: extending
biara	monastery	vihāra
biasa	habitual, usual, ordinary	abhyāsa: habit, repetition, custom, practice
biaya	expense	vyaya: loss, expense, spending
bicara	speak	vicāra: discussion, consideration
bidadari	apsara, nymph, lesser female deities	vidyādhari: fairy, sylph, (fem.) bearer of knowledge
bidan	midwife	vidvān: nom. masc. of vidvant: wise
bijak	clever, wise	vicakṣana
bijaksana	clever, wise	vicakṣana
biji	seed	bīja: seed
bila	when	vela (time)
bina	to build	bhinna: different, fresh, new
binaraga	bodybuilding	from combined words bina: to build and raga: body
binasa	die, death, destroyed	vināśa: destruction
bisa	venom, malice; but also means can, able, potent	viṣa: poison
buana	world (poetic)	bhuvana
budaya	culture	combination of boddhi: virtue and dhaya: power
budi	reason, virtue	buddhi: intellect, discernment, judgment
budiman	kind, wise	buddhimān: nom. of buddhi
bujangga	scholar	bhujaṅga: snake
bukti	proof	bhukti: enjoyment, fruition, possession
bumi	earth	bhūmi
bupati	the title of regency/regional leader	bhūpati: lord of the earth
busana	clothing	bhūṣaṇa
cahaya	light	chāyā: lustre, light
cakram, cakra	disk, sphere etc.	chakra
candi	temple	caṇḍika: another manifestation of Durga as goddess of death
cangkang	shell	śaṅkha: winged shell attribute of Vishnu
cakrawala	horizon	cakravāla: mythical mountains at the edge of light and dark
cerita	story	carita: narration, e.g. Buddhacarita
chandra	moon (poetic), lunar	candra: Hindu moon god
citra	image	citra: "picture" (Hindi, Sanskrit)
citrum	pixel	singular form back-formation of "citra"
dana	donation, funds	dāna
dasawarsa	decade	dasa: ten + varṣa: year, rain
daya	power	dhaya
denda	fine, punishment	daṇḍa
dewa	god	deva
dewi	goddess	devī
desa	village	deśa
dharma, darma	duty, good deeds (i.e. charity), truth etc.	dharma
derma	alms giving	same origin with dharma
dirgahayu	long live	dīrgha (long) + āyu (age); āyuṣā = with a life span
duka	sadness	duḥkha
durjana	evil, wicked, malicious	durjana
gajah	elephant	gaja
gapura	gate	gopura
gaya	stylish, fashionable	gaya: wealth, property
gerhana	eclipse	grahaṇa: seizure, possession, eclipse
gita	song (poetic)	gīta
genta	bell	ghaṇṭa
guna	utilize, use, purpose	guṇa: quality, attribute
guru	teacher, guru	guru
hina	lowly, inferior	hīna: small, lesser, petty
istri	wife	strī
jaga	awake, guard	jāgṛ, jāgara: to watch over, awake
jagat	universe	jagat
jala	net, casting net	jāla
jambu	tree (Eugenia)	jambu
jampi	incantation	japa
janda	widow	raṇḍa
jasa	merit, service, etc.	yaśas: worth, glory; vyāsa: service
jati	tree (Tectonia grandis)	jāti: tree (Jasminum grandiflorum)
jawa	Java, Javanese	yava: barley, grain
jaya	glorious	jaya
jelata	common people	janata
jelita	lovely	lalita
jelma	incarnation, to become, to turn into	janma: birth
jentera	spinning, wheel	yantra: instrument
jiwa	life, soul, sanity	jīva: (personal) soul
juta	million	ayuta: ten thousand, myriad
jutawan	very rich	ayuta+vān: ten thousand + having, possessing
kaca	glass	kāca: glass
kacamata	glasses, spectacles	kāca: glass
kala	time	kāla: time
kalau	if	kāla: time
kali	time(s), in mathematics	kāla: time
kanta	lens	kānta: sun-crystal
kapas	cotton	karpāsa
karena	because	kāraṇa: cause
karma	karma	karma: Hindu-Buddhist concept
karsa	initiative, will	karṣa: pulling, obtaining, mastering (√kṛṣ)
kartika	star (poetic)	kṛttikā, kārttika: constellation Pleiades, corresponding month (Oct-Nov)
karunia	blessing	karuṇa: compassion
karya	work, oeuvre	kārya
kasturi	musk, musk flower (k.o. hibiscus)	kastūrī: musk
kata	word	kathā: speech, talk, story
kati	a hundred thousand	koṭi: ten million
kelahi	quarrel, fight	kalaha
keling	Indian, black-skinned	kāliṅga: inhabitant of Kalinga, south Orissa, India
keluarga	family	kula-varga
kemboja	flowering tree (Plumeria Acuminata)	kāmboja
kendi	water-pitcher	kuṇḍa
kepala	head	kapāla: skull, cranium
keranda	coffin	karaṇḍa: basket, box
kerja	work	kārya: the work, the manifest products
kencana	gold, golden, grand, glorious	kāñcana: gold
ksatria	warrior, knight	kṣatriya
ketika	moment, when	ghaṭakā: hour (24 minutes)
kian	become more, as much (many) as	kiyān: how much
kosakata	vocabulary	kośa: dictionary, lexicon, vocabulary
kota	, city, town	koṭa: stronghold
kuasa	power	vaśa: power, control, dominion
kuda	horse	kudda
kumala	jade, gemstone	komala: gracious, charming
kumba	pot	kumbha
kunci	key	kucikā, kuñcikā
kungkuma	saffron	kuṅkuma
kurnia	mercy	kāruṇya: compassion
kusta	leprosy	kuṣṭha
labu	gourd	alābu
laksa	ten thousand	lakṣa: 100,000
laksamana	admiral	lakṣmaṇa: name of Rama's younger brother
lawang	door, cinnamon	lavaṅga: clove
lela	graceful movement, elegant	līlā: play
lena	sleep soundly	līna: lying
lencana	seal, emblem, badge	lāñchana
lingga	lingga (symbol of Shiva), phallic	liṅga
loba	greedy	lobha: greed
loka	world, place, realm, abode	loka
madu	honey, co-wife	madhu: honey
maha	great, super, hyper, very	mahā
mahadewa	supreme god	mahā+deva: supreme god
mahadewi	supreme goddess	mahā+devi: supreme goddess
maha esa	all-mighty	maheśa = mahā+īśa: supreme lord
mahaguru	professor	mahā+guru: great teacher
maharaja	king	mahā+rāja: great king
maharani	queen	mahārani
mahasiswa	(male) college/university student	mahā-śiṣya: great-student (masc.)
mahasiswi	(female) college/university student	mahā-śiṣyā: great-student (fem.)
mahkota	crown	mukuṭa
mala	stain, dirt	mala: dirt, filth, impurity
malapetaka	calamity, disaster	mahā + pātaka: great + sin or collapse
manakala	when	māna-kāla: in honor of time
mani	sperm	maṇi: pearls, gem, jewel
manik	bead, sequin, jewel	maṇi: pearl, gem, jewel
mantera	mantra	mantra
menteri	minister (head of a government department)	mantri
merajalela	rage, raging, at large, rampant	maharaja-līlā: king + play
merdeka	freedom, liberty	mahā-ṛdhika: great prosperity
mitra	partner	mitra: friend
muka	face	mukha
mula	to start, to begin	mūla: origin
naga	dragon	nāga: serpent deities
nama	name	nāma
negara	country	nagara: city
negeri	city (lit.)	nagarī: city (fem.)
neraka	hell	naraka
nirwana	an ideal condition of harmony or joy	nirvana
nusa	island (poetic)	nūsa
pahala	merit, reward (for moral conduct)	phala (of fruits, of results)
paksa	to force	pakṣa: side, faction, partisan, adherent
pendeta	priest	paṇḍita: learned, scholar, skilled
pendopo	hall	maṇḍapa, through Javanese: pendhapa
pekerti	character, nature	prakṛti: origin, character, nature, pattern
perkasa	powerful, forceful, manly	prakāśa: shining, manifest, renowned
perkosa	rape	prakāśa (same origin as perkasa)
perwira	high-ranked military official	pravīra: brave or eminent man, hero, chief
pria	man/men	priya: beloved, dear
puasa	fasting	upavāsa: fasting, abstinence
puja	worship, adore	pūjā
punya	have, possessive verb	puṇya: merit, virtue
pura	Hindu temple, city	pura: city/walled enclosure
purba	ancient	pūrva
puri	palace	pura: city/walled enclosure
pustaka	book	pustaka
puspa	flower (poetic)	puṣpa
putera, putra	son	putra: prince
puteri, putri	daughter, princess	putrī: princess
raga	body	rāga: color, feeling, beauty
rahasia	secret	rahasya
raja	king	rāja
raksasa	giant, monster	rākṣasa: beast-like demon
rani	queen	rāṇī, rājñī
rasa	emotion, feeling, taste	rasa
ratna	jewel, gemstone (poetic)	ratna
resmi	official	raśmi: string, leash, ray of light
rupa	look, appearance	rūpa: form, likeness
sabda	proclamation (poetic)	śabda: voice, speech
samudra	ocean	samudra
sasana	training hall	śāsana: teaching
sastra	literature	śāstra: scripture, teaching
sakti	powerful	śakti: power, energy
satwa	fauna, animals	sattva: sentint being, "that which is"
semadi, samedi	meditation, contemplation	samādhi
semesta	whole, total	samasta: united, whole, all
sempurna	perfect	sampūrṇa: entirely, complete
sengsara	suffering	saṁsāra: continuous flow of reincarnation
senopati	general, military leader (archaic)	senāpati
seteru	enemy	śatru
setia	loyal, truthful	satya: truth, correct; satī: faithful wife
serba	all, everyhing, complete	sarva: all or everything
singa	lion	siṁha
singgasana	throne	siṁhāsana: the lion throne
suami	husband	svāmī
suara	sound	svara
sukma	soul	sūkṣma: subtle, atomic
sunyi	quiet (situation)	śūnya: zero, nothing
surga	heaven	svarga
surya	sun (poetic), solar	sūrya: Hindu sun god
suka	like, happy	sukha
susila	modesty, appropriate	suśīla
swa-	do something by oneself	sva-: self, own
tata	order, to arrange	tathā: thus, in that manner
tali	rope, string	talli
topi	hat	topi
unta	camel	uṣṭra
upacara	ceremony	upacāra: ceremony, religious ritual
usaha	effort	utsaha
usia	age	āyuṣa: life-span
utama	ultimate, the most important, foremost	uttama
utara	north	uttara
wahana	ride, vehicle	vahana
wana	forest (poetic)	vana
wangsa	dynasty, royal house	vaṁśa: lineage
warna	colour	varṇa
warta	news	varta (same origin as berita)
warta berita	news broadcast	varta
wihara	Buddhist Temple	vihāra
yudha	war, battle (poetic)	yuddha

From Tamil

Loanwords from Tamil, while also an Indian language (though not Indo-European as in Sanskrit), mainly exist in cuisine, like Chinese and unlike Sanskrit. It mainly entered the lexicon of Malay (and by extension, Indonesian) with the immigration of South Indian traders who settled around the Strait of Malacca.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Word	Meaning	Original word
apam	kind of cake	apam
gulai	kind of curry	gulai
kapal	boat	kappal
kedai	foodstall	Kaddai
kuil	temple	koil
mangga	mango	manga
roti	bread	rotti
topi	hat	toppi
kata	say	katai

From Middle Eastern languages

From Arabic

The loanwords from Arabic are mainly concerned with religion, in particular with Islam. Words of Arabic origin include dunia (from Arabic دنيا dun-ya = the present world, as opposed to the after-life world), kabar (خبر = news), selamat/ salam (سلام salam = a greeting), senin (الإثنين al-Itnain = Monday), selasa (الثلاثاء at-Tulata = Tuesday), jumat (الجمعة al-Jum'at = Friday), hadiah (هدية hadiyyah = gift/present), mungkin (from ممكن mumkin = perhaps), maklum (معلوم ma'lum = understood), kitab (كتاب kitab = book), and kamus (قاموس qamus = dictionary).

Allah is the word for God even in Christian Bible translations. Many early Bible translators, when they came across some unusual Hebrew words or proper names, used the Arabic cognates. In the newer translations this practice is discontinued. They now turn to Greek names or use the original Hebrew Word. For example, the name Jesus was initially translated as 'Isa, but is now spelt as Yesus. Psalms used to be translated as Zabur, the Arabic name, but now it is called Mazmur which corresponds more with Hebrew.

Word	Meaning	Original word	Transcription, notes
abdi	servant	عبد	'abd
adab	civilize, proper	أدب	adab
adat	custom	عَادَة	'ada
ahad	Sunday (Islamic)	اَلْأَحَد	al ahad
ajaib	wonders, curiosities	عجائب	'ajaib
akal	reason	عقل	'aqlun
akhir	end	آخر	akhirun
akhlak	moral	أخلاق	akhlaqun
akhirat	hereafter	آخرة	akhiratun
alam	nature ، of the earth	علم	alam
aljabar	algebra	الجبر	aljabbar
amal	alms giving, good deed	عمل	aml
aman	safe, peaceful	اَمَان	aman
anda	you (formal)	انتة	anta
asal	origin	أصل	asl
asli	real, original	أصل	asl
awal	beginning	أول	awwalun
badan	body	بدن	baddan
bahari	maritime, naval	بحري	bahri: sea
berkah	bless, barakah	بركة	baraka
daftar	list	دفتر	daftar
dakwah	sermon	دعوة	d'awah
dunia	world	دنيا	dun-yaa`
fakir	poor people, pauper	فقير	fakr
gaib	unseen, other world	غايب	'ghaib
halal	religiously lawful	حلال	halal
hakim	judge	حَاكِم	hakim
haram	religiously unlawful	حرام	haraam
hewan	animal	حيوان	hayawan
hikmah	(deeper) meaning	حكمة	hikma
huruf	letter (of an alphabet)	حُرُوف	huruf
ilmu	knowledge, science	علمي	'ilmi
ilmiah	scientific	علمية	'ilmiah
ijazah	diploma	إجازة	ijazah
ikrar	pledge	إِقْرَار	iqrar
izin	permission, to permit	إذن	izin
jadwal	schedule	جدول	jadwal
jahanam	cursed, damned	جهنم	jahannam:hellfire
jail	prank, practical joke	جاهل	jahil: ignorance
jawab	answer	جَوَاب	jawab
jenazah	corpse	جَنَازَة	janaza
jilbab	hijab head covering	حجاب	hijab
kabar	news	خبر	khabar
kafan	white shroud (to cover the dead)	كَفَن	kafan
kafir	infidel	كافر	kafir
kamus	dictionary	قَامُوس	qamus
kertas	paper	قَرْطَاس	qartas
khas	specialty	خَاصّ	khass
kitab	religious book	كتاب	kitabun
korban	sacrifice	قربان	qurban
kurma	date palm	كرما	qurma
kursi	chair	كرسي	kursiyyun
kurun	span (of time)	قرن	qurun
kuliah	college	قليلة
laskar	soldier	عسكري	'askar
lisan	mouthly, mouth	لسان	lisan
maaf	sorry, to apologise	ما أف	ma af :no worries
makna	meaning	معنة	ma'na
maksud	meaning, purpose	مقصود	ma'sud
majelis	assembly, majlis	مجلس	majlis
malaikat	angel	مَلَائِكَة	mala'ika
masalah	problem, dilemma	مسألة	masalah
masjid	mosque	مسجد	masjid
maut	dead, deadly	موط	mawt
menara	tower	منارة	manārah: lighthouse
Mesir	Egypt	مِصْر	misr
miskin	poor	مسكين	miskin
mubazir	useless		mubazir
muflis	bankrupt	مفلس	muflis
mungkin	maybe	منكن	mumkin
murtad	apostate	مرتد	murtad
munafik	hypocrite	منافق	munaffiq
musim	season	موسم	musim
mustahil	impossible, unlikely	مستحيل	mustahil
nafsu	desire	نفس	nafs
najis	disgusting, unclean	نجس	najis
nikah	married	نكات	nikah
petuah	lesson, advice	فتوى	fatwa
pikir	to think	فكر	fikr
rahim	womb	رَحِم	rahim
rahmat	blessing	رحمة	rahmah
rakyat	people, citizen	رَعِيَّة	ra'iyya
saat	moment	ساعة	sa'at
sabar	patience	صبر	sabr
sabun	soap	صابون	sabuun
sahabat	close friend	صَحَابَة	sahaba
saleh	pious	صالح	shalih
salju	snow	ثلج	thalj
sebab	cause, reason	سبب	sabab
sedekah	gift, shodaqoh	صدقة	shadaqatun
sehat	healthy	صحة	sihat
selamat	safe, well-being	سلماة	salamah
serikat	company, federation	شَرِكَة	syarika
shalat	pray	صلاة	salah
shaum	fasting	صوم	saum
siasat	trick	سياسة	siasatun
soal	question, problem	سُؤَال	su'al
surat	letter	صرت	surah
sukur/syukur	thankful	شكر	shukr
sunat	circumcision	صنة	sunnat
syariah	Islamic law	شاريعة	shari'a
senin	Monday	ثنان	senin
selasa	Tuesday	ثلاثة	tsalasa
rabu	Wednesday	رابع	arba'a
kamis	Thursday	خميس	khams
khitan	circumcision	ختان	khitan
jumat	Friday	جمعة	jum'ah
sabtu	Saturday	السبت	as-Sabt
tabib	traditional healer	طَبِيب	tabib
terjemah	translation	ترجمة	terjemah
tertib	orderly	ترتيب	tartib
umum	common, public	عُمُوم	'umum
umur	age	عُمْر	'umr
unsur	element	عُنْصُر	'unsur
wahid	number one, the best (uncommon)	وآحد	wahid
wajah	face	وجه	wajh
waktu	time	وقت	waqtu
waris	inherit	وارث	waris
wilayah	region, area	ولاية	wilayah
yakin	confidence, belief	يقين	yakin
Yunani	Greece	يُونَان	yunnan
zaitun	olive	زيتون	zaytun
zakat	alms	زكاة	zakat
zakar	penis and testicles	ذكر	zakar
zaman / jaman	era	زمن	zaman
zamrud	emerald	زُمُرُّد	zumurrud
zinah	adultery	زناء	zina

From Persian

Word	Meaning	Original word	Transcription, notes
anggur	grape	انگور	an-gur
bandar	port	بندر	bandar
cadar	veil	چادر	chādar
dewan	assembly, meeting	دیوان	divan (administration)
firdaus	eden, bountiful garden	فردوس	firdaus
gandum	wheat	گندم	gandum
kismis	raisin	کشمش	kishmish
pahlawan	hero	پ‍ﮩ‍لوان	pahlwān
pasar	market/bazaar	بازار	bāzār
pesona	charm		afsūn
piala	cup, trophy	پیاله	pyāla (cup, bowl)
medan	area, field, square	میدان	meidan
nakhoda	captain of a ship	ناخدا	nākhodā
takhta	throne	تخت	takht
sihir	magic	سِحْر	sihr
syahbandar	portmaster	شاهِ بندر	shah-e bandar (lit. "king of the port")
ustad	teacher (religious, Islam)	اُستَاذ	ustad
zirah	armor	زره	zirah

From East Asian languages

From Chinese

The Chinese loanwords are usually concerned with cuisine, trade or often just exclusively things Chinese. According to the 2000 census, the relative number of people of Chinese descent in Indonesia (termed the peranakan) is almost 1% (totaling to about 3 million people, although this may likely be an underestimate due to an anti-Chinese sentiment that exists in some circles of the population), yet the peranakan are the most successful when it comes to business, trade, and cuisine. Words of Chinese origin (presented here with accompanying Hokkien/ Mandarin pronunciation derivatives as well as traditional and simplified characters) include pisau (匕首 bǐshǒu – knife), mie (麵 > 面 Hokkien mī – noodles), lumpia (潤餅 (Hokkien = lūn-piáⁿ) – springroll), teko (茶壺 > 茶壶 = cháhú [Mandarin], teh-ko [Hokkien] = teapot), 苦力 kuli = 苦　khu (bitter) and 力　li (energy) and even the widely used slang terms gua and lu (from the Hokkien 'goa' 我 and 'lu/li' 你 – meaning 'I/ me' and 'you'). Almost all loan words in Indonesian with Chinese origin comes from Hokkien dialect. Loan words in Indonesian with Chinese origins.

Word	Meaning	Original word (in Hakka or Hokkien/客家,福建)
amoi	Chinese girl	阿妹 amei: sister
angciu	cooking wine used for food flavour enhancer	紅酒 ang ciu: red wine
angpao	gift money for Chinese New Year	紅包 ang pao
bakcang	glutinous rice dumpling filled with meat	肉粽 bak cang
bakmie	meat noodle	肉麵 bak mie
bakso	meatball	(肉球?) bak so
bakpau	meatbun	肉包 bak pao
bihun	rice vermicelli	米粉 bee hoon
cap cai	stir fried vegetable dish	杂菜 cha̍p-chhài
cawan	cup	茶碗 chawan
cukong	tycoon	主公 cu kong
dacin	balance scale	(抬輕?) dacin
gua	me (slang)	我 gua/wa
hoki	luck, fortune	福氣 hok khi
kakak	older sibling/addressing someone slightly older	哥哥 ko—ko
kecap	soybean sauce (ketchup is 'saus tomat', not kecap)	茄汁 Keng Cio
kerangkeng	cage	間 -keng: room in Hokkien
kue	cake, pastries	粿 kwe
kuli	slave, labourer	苦力 kuli
kwetiau	kway teow (flat noodle)	粿條 kway teow
lihai	skillful	厲害 li hai
lobak	daikon, radish	蘿蔔 lo ba
loténg	2nd storey of a house, attic	樓頂 lao teng
lumpia	spring roll	潤餅 lun pia
mak comblang	matchmaker	媒紅娘(?)
mesiu	gunpowder	(not clear whether of Chinese descent or not)
mi / mie	noodle	麵 mie
micin / pécin	MSG (flavouring for cooking)	味精 vetsin
sempoa	abacus, suanpan	算盤 sui poa, suanpan
singkék	Chinese newcomer (derogative), pure blooded Chinese, i.e. not of mixed ancestry	新客 Shin Khek
siomay	shumai (wrapped and steamed with fillings)	燒賣 sio mai
tahu	tofu	豆腐 toufu/tauhu
teh	tea	茶 te
teko	tea pot	茶壺 te ko
Tionghoa	Chinese	中華 chung hwa/tiong hwa
Tiongkok	China	中國 chung kuo/tiongkok

From European languages

European influence over Indonesian language is significantly influenced through European intervention and colonialism, the most significant evident is the usage of Latin alphabet instead of various local scripts. Portuguese had first arrived in the archipelago and influenced the original Malay language after their conquest of Malacca. The Portuguese dominance over trade in the region and control of the spice island of Moluccas had significantly increase Portuguese influence in trade and also through the introduction of Christianity over the region. The Dutch however shows the most influence in the language, being in control of Indonesia for 300 years after eliminating the Portuguese as a player over control of the archipelago. Dutch language itself wasn't properly introduced over the archipelago before 1799 when the Netherlands' crown took over the colony from the already bankrupt VOC (Dutch East India company), previously the Malay language was adapted by VOC due to its trade and diplomatic benefit which led to mass loanword over the language. English to an extend also have influence over the archipelago's language, being the third most favored foreign language by the educated in the colonial days. English however plays more role over the nation's official language through recent globalization.

From Portuguese

Alongside Malay, Portuguese was the lingua franca for trade throughout the archipelago from the sixteenth century through to the early nineteenth century. The Portuguese were among the first westerners to sail east to the "Spice Islands". Loanwords from Portuguese were mainly connected with articles the early European traders and explorers brought to Southeast Asia. Indonesian words derived from Portuguese include sabun (from sabão = soap), meja (from mesa = table), boneka (from boneca = doll), jendela (from janela = window), gereja (from igreja = church), bola (from bola = ball), bendera (from bandeira = flag), roda (from roda = wheel), gagu (from gago = stutterer), sepatu (from sapato = shoe), kereta (from carreta = wagon), bangku (from banco = chair), keju (from queijo = cheese), garpu (from garfo = fork), terigu (from trigo = flour), mentega (from manteiga = butter), and Minggu (from domingo = Sunday).

Word	Meaning	Original word
akta	act (law)	acta
algojo	executioner	algoz
armada	fleet	armada
bangku	chair	banco: sitting
baret	barrette	barrete
barikade	barricade	barricada
belanda	Dutch, Holland,	Holanda
bendéra	flag	bandeira
beranda	verandah, porch	varanda
biola	violin	viola
bola	ball	bola
(kué) bolu	(a type of) cake	bolo
cerutu	cigar	charuto
bonéka	doll	boneca
dansa	dance (not including traditional dance)	dança
dadu	dice	dado
ganco	hook	gancho
garpu	fork	garfo
geréja	church	igreja
gerilya	guerrilla	guerrilha
infanteri	infantry	infanteria (Dutch: infanterie)
jendéla	window	janela
kaldu	broth	caldo
kanal	channel	canal (Dutch: kanaal)
kavaleri	cavalry	cavaleria (Dutch: cavalerie)
kéju	cheese	queijo
keméja	shirt	camisa
keréta	chariot/cart	carreta
kertas	paper	cartas (papel)
kredo	creed	credo
lemari	closet	armário
lelang	auction	leilao
mebel	furniture	movel, (Dutch: meubel)
meja	table	mesa
mentéga	butter	manteiga
minggu	Sunday	domingo
misa	mass	missa
mitos	myth	mitos
nanas	pineapple	ananas
natal	Christmas	natal
noda	stain	nodoa
nona	young woman	dona
nyonya	lady	donha
pasta	paste	pasta
pesiar	cruise, excursion	passear
pesta	party	festa
pigura	picture, figure	figura
pita	ribbon	fita
pompa	pump	bomba hidráulica, (Dutch: pomp)
sabtu	Saturday	sabado
sabun	soap	sabão
santo	saint	santo
saku	pocket, bag	saco
sekolah	school	escola (Latin: schola)
sepatu	shoe	sapato
serdadu	soldier	soldado
tenda	tent	tenda
témpo	time	tempo
tinta	ink	tinta
terigu	wheat	trigo
tolol	fool	tolo
tomat	tomato	tomate
tukar	exchange	trocar
frambus	raspberry	framboesa (Dutch: framboos)
gardu	to guard, watch post	guarda (Dutch: garde)
gubernur	governor	governador (Dutch: gouverneur)
gratis	free (not having to pay)	grátis (Dutch: gratis)
topik	topic	tópico (Dutch: topic)

From Dutch

The former colonial power, the Netherlands, left an extensive vocabulary that can be seen in words such as polisi (from politie = police), kualitas (from kwaliteit = quality), wortel (from wortel = carrot), kamar (from kamer = room, chamber), rokok (from roken = smoking cigarettes), korupsi (from corruptie = corruption), persneling (from versnelling = gear), kantor (from kantoor = office), resleting (from ritssluiting = zipper), kelas (from klas = class), and gratis (from gratis = free). These Dutch loanwords, and also from other non Italo-Iberian, European languages loanwords which came via Dutch, cover all aspects of life. Some Dutch loanwords, having clusters of several consonants, pose difficulties to speakers of Indonesian. This problem is usually solved by insertion of the schwa. For example, Dutch schroef [ˈsxruf] → sekrup [səˈkrup]. Many Indonesian vocabulary ending "-i" (i.e.:administras-i) also are known from the Dutch vocabulary influence "-ie" (i.e.:administrat-i.e.). All the months from January (Januari) to December (December) used in Indonesian are also derived from Dutch language.

Note: Word after slash means 'genuine' Indonesian language, although may be loans from other language too.

Word	Meaning	Original word
administrasi	administration	administratie
advokat/pengacara	lawyer	advocaat
afdeling	division, section	afdeling
asbak	ashtray	asbak
agustus	august	augustus
aliansi/sekutu	alliance	alliantie
apartemen	apartment	appartement
aktual/kini	current	actueel
antik	Antique	antiek
April	April	April
apotek/apotik	pharmacy	apotheek
arde	ground (electricity)	aarde
arbéi/stroberi	strawberry	aardbei
arloji/jam tangan	watch	horloge
atret	aback	achteruit
ban	tire	band
baskom/waskom	washbasin	waskom
baterai	battery	batterij
baut & mur	bolt & nut	bout & moer
beha/kutang	brassiere	beha
beken	famous, notorious	bekend
béngkél	workplace	winkel: store, originally angle
bekleding	chair lining	bekleding
besuk/menjenguk	visiting	bezoeken
begel/sengkang	bracket	beugel
brankas	safe deposit box	brandkast
bioskop	cinema	bioscoop
buncis	green beans	boontjes
branwir/pemadam kebakaran	firefighter squad	brandweer
bruder	Roman Catholic friar	broeder = brother
buku	book	boek
cokelat	chocolate	chocolade
komentar	comment	commentaar
komandan	commander	commandant
kongres	congress	congres
komisaris	commissioner	commissaris
komersil	commercial	commercieel
kondisi	condition	conditie
kursus	course	cursus
korup	corrupt	corrupt
sertifikat	certificate	certificaat
dah/dadah/selamat tinggal	good bye (Indonesian)/ good day (Dutch)	dag
dak/atap	roof	dak
dasi	necktie	das(je)
debat	debate	debat
diskusi	discussion	discussie
December	December	December
departemen	department	departement
dokter	medical doctor	dokter
dosis	dose	dosis
duit	money	duit, a copper Dutch coin
émbér	bucket	emmer
egois	selfish (Indonesian)/egoist	egoïst
Eropa	Europe	Europa
éngsél	hinges	hengsel
fantastis	fantastic	fantastisch
faktur	invoice	factuur
febuari	February	februari
frambus	raspberry	framboos
pabrik	factory	fabriek
gang	alley	gang
gaji	wages	gage
gorden	curtain	gordijn
halo	hello	hallo
handuk	towel	handdoek
hanger/penggantung	hanger	hanger
halte bus/pemberhentian bus	bus stop	bushalte
helm	helmet	helm
hipotek	mortgage	hypotheek
ide	idea	idee
identik	identical	identiek
ilusi	ilussion	ilusie
imun	immune	immuun
indehoy	forbidden sexual intercourse (Indonesian)/ on the hay (Dutch)	inhethooi
Indo	Eurasian, mestizo	abbreviation of Indo-European
intim	intimate	intiem
institut	institute	instituut
insinyur	engineer	ingenieur
jas	coat	jas
januari	January	januari
juni	June	juni
jus	Juice	jus
juli	July	juli
kabel	cable	kabel
karakter	character	karakter
kaisar	emperor	keizer
kakus/toilet	toilet	verb: kakken/noun: kakhuis
kalkun	turkey	kalkoen
kalem/tenang	calm	kalm
kamar	room	kamer
kantor	office	kantoor
karcis	ticket	kaartjes: plural for diminutive of kaart, card or ticket)
kartu	card	kaart
kastanye	chestnut	kastanje
katun	cotton	katoen
kelar/selesai	ready, finished	klaar
keran	faucet, tap	kraan
knalpot (or kenalpot)	muffler (on a motor vehicle)	knalpot
kol	cabbages	kool
kopi	coffee	koffie
kopor	suitcase	koffer
kopling	clutch	koppeling
kor/koor	choir	koor
korsleting/konslet	short circuit	kortsluiting
korting/diskon	discount	korting/disconteren
kos/indekos	room rental (Indonesian)/ nourishment (Dutch)	kost
kuitansi/bon	receipt	kwitantie/bon
kulkas/lemari es	ice box or refrigerator	koelkast
kusén	window frame	kozijn
laci	deskdrawer	laatje: diminutive form of la(de)
lampu	lamp	lamp
listrik	electric	elektrisch
lisensi	license	licentie
limun	lemonade (Indonesian)/ lemon (Dutch)	limoen
loket	pay box	loket
maskapai	airline (Indonesian)/ company (Dutch)	maatschappij
makelar	broker	makelaar
mantel	coat	mantel
matras/kasur	bed	matras
maret	march	maart
massa	mass (bulk, load)	massa
mei	may	mei
merek	brand	merk
meubel	furniture	meubel
migrasi	migration	migratie
minder	not confident (Indonesian)/ less (Dutch)	minder
meises	sprinkles	muisjes
mobil	car, automobile	automobiel
motor	motorcycle	motorfiets
montir	mechanic	monteur
nanas	pineapple	ananas (Portuguese: Ananas, origin South America)
nomer	number	nummer
nol	zero/nil	nul
November	November	November
oktober	October	oktober
om/paman	uncle	oom
oma/nenek	grandma	oma
omzet/omset	revenue	omzet
onderdil	components/spare parts	onderdeel
ongkos/biaya	cost & expenses	onkosten
opa/kakek	granddad	opa
oranye	orange (colour)	oranje
orgel	pipe organ	orgel
otomatis	automatic	automatisch
parkir	parking	parkeer
parlemen	parliament	parlement
pas/cocok	fit	past (third person singular of "passen")
pastor/pendeta	pastor	pastoor
paroki	parish	parochie
paviliun	pavilion	paviljoen
pénsil	pencil	penseel (brush)
pensiun	retirement	pensioen
permisi	excuse me (Indonesian)/ permission (Dutch, also Indonesian)	permissie
peron	platform (railway)	perron
pers/media massa	press/mass media	pers/massamedia
persik	peach	perzik
persis	precise, exactly the same, look alike	precies
plafon	ceiling	plafond, from French
polisi	police	politie
potret	portrait	portret
potlot	pencil	potlood
prestasi	performance	prestatie
prinsip	principle	principe
proyek	project	project
redaksi	editorial office	redactie
rékening	account	rekening
reklame	advertisement	reclame
rem	brake	rem
resep	recipe	recept
résléting	zipper	ritssluiting
resiko	risk	risico
rok	skirt	rok
rokok	cigarette	roken: to smoke
sakelar	switch	schakelaar
saldo	balance	saldo
satelit	satellite	satelliet
saus	sauce	saus
sekop	shovel	schop
sekrup	screw	schroef
seks	sex	seks
seksi	section	sektie
selang	water hose	slang
sempak	swim briefs	zwempak
senewen	jumpy	zenuwachtig
sepur/kereta api	train	spoor
serius	serious	serieus
setrika	clothes iron	strijkijzer
setrum	current (electricity)	stroom
September	September	September
sinterklas	Santa Claus	sinterklaas
sirkulasi	circulation	circulatie
sipir	warden	cipier
solusi/kesimpulan	solution	solutie
spanduk	commercial or information banner	spandoeken
stasiun	train station	station
standar	standard	standaard
struktur	structure	structuur
stopkontak	power socket	stopcontact
tang	pliers	tang
tas	bag	tas
tégel/ubin	floor tile	tegel
teh	tea	thee
teknologi	technology	technologie
telat/terlambat	late	te laat (too late)
telefon	telephone	telefoon
televisi	television	televisie
tema	theme	thema
terompet	trumpet	trompet
teori	theory	theorie
tinta	ink	tint
tomat	tomato	tomaat (Portuguese: tomate, origin Central America)
toren	tower (usually for water tower in Indonesian)	toren
traktir	treat	trakteer
tustel	camera tools (Indonesian)/ device, appliances (Dutch)	toestel
variabel	variable	variabel
vas	vase	vaas
versi	version	versie
visi	vision	visie
voorijder/pengawalan khusus	outrider	voorrijder
vulkan	volcano	vulkaan
permak	alter, transform	vermaken
pelopor	frontrunner	voorloper
perboden	prohibit (mainly used in street signs in Indonesian)	verboden
preman	gangster (Indonesian)/freeman/outlaw	vrijman
wastafel	sink	wastafel
wol	wool	wol
wortel	carrot	wortel
yustisi/kehakiman	judiciary	justitie
yuridis	juridical	juridisch
segel	seal	zegel
suster/perawat (wanita)	nun, nurse, sister	zuster

From Greek

Word	Meaning	Original word
demokrasi	democracy	demokratia through Dutch: democratie
filsafat	philosophy	philasophia, through Arabic: falsafah
mitos	myth	mythos, through Portuguese: mitos
stadion	stadium	stadion through Dutch: stadion

From Latin

It is notable that some of the loanwords that exist in both Indonesian and Malaysian languages are different in spelling and pronunciation mainly due to how they derived their origins: Malaysian utilizes words that reflect the English usage (as used by its former colonial power, the British), while Indonesian uses a Latinate form reflected in the Dutch usage (e.g. aktiviti (Malaysian) vs. aktivitas (Indonesian), universiti (Malaysian) vs. universitas (Indonesian)).

Word	Meaning	Original word
abolisi	abolition	abolitia, through Dutch: abolitie
ad interim	temporarily	ad interim
akta	act (law)	actus, through Portuguese: acta
aktivitas	activity	activitas, through Dutch: activiteit
amnesti	amnesty, state-granted pardon	amnestia, through Dutch: amnestie
almamater	revered name for one's university	almamater: wise and nurturing mother
fakultas	faculty	facultas, through Dutch: faculteit
forum	forum	forum, through Portuguese: forum
humaniora	humanities	humaniora
kantata	song	cantata, through Portuguese: cantada
kualitas	quality	kualitas, through Dutch: kwaliteit
misi	mision	misi, through Dutch: missie
nihil	nil, nothing, zero	nihil
nota bene	actually, after look carefully, also	nota bene: examine closely
oknum	authority figure (police, soldier, prosecutor, judge) that perform unlawful or corrupted deed	ocnum: name personal
status	status	status
universitas	university	universitas, through Dutch: universiteit

From French

Word	Meaning	Original word
akur	agree, get along well	accord, through Dutch: akkoord
antara	entre	between
arsip	archives	archives, through Dutch: archief
garnisun	garrison	garnison, through Dutch: garnisoen
intrik	intrigue	intrigue, through Dutch: intrige
kado	gift	cadeau, through Dutch: kado/cadeau
kampanye	campaign	campagne, through Dutch: campagne
karantina	quarantine	quarantine, through Dutch: quarantine
karoseri	the body of vehicle, car, coach, or bus	carrosserie, through Dutch: carrosserie
klise	cliche	cliché, through Dutch: cliché
kudeta	coup	coup d'état
legiun	legion	légion, through Dutch: legioen
letnan	lieutenant	lieutenant, through Dutch: lieutenant
manuver	maneuver	manœuvre, through Dutch: manoeuvre
mayones	mayonnaise	mayonnaise
sabotase	sabotage	sabotage, through Dutch: sabotage
sepeda	bicycle	vélocipède
supir	driver	chauffeur, through Dutch: chauffeur
tante/bibi	aunt	tante, through Dutch: tante
trotoar	sidewalk	trottoir, through Dutch: troittoir (also stoep, pronounced as "stoop")

From English

Many English words are adopted in Indonesian through globalization, due to this however many Indonesians mistake words that were originally adopted from Dutch with English due to the Germanic traces that exist in the two languages (both are Indo-European Germanic languages from the same branch, the West Germanic).

Word	Meaning	Original word
astronot	astronaut	astronaut
bisnis	business	business
diskon	discount	discount
elektronik	electronic	electronic
gosip	gossip	gossip
isu	issue	issue
katering	catering service	catering
komputer	computer	computer (Dutch: Computer)
komplit	complete	complete (Dutch: Compleet)
kondom	condom	condom
konter	counter	counter (Germans: konter)
modem	modem	modem
moderen	modern	modern (Dutch: moderne)
partner	partner	partner
pilot	pilot	pilot (Dutch: Piloot)
ponsel / HP read:Ha-Pé (shortened word from Hand Phone)	cell phone	hand phone (used in Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, and South Korea)
radar	radar	radar
roket	rocket	rocket
sistem	system	system (Dutch: Systeem)
stroberi	strawberry	strawberry
target	target	target

See also

• List of English words of Indonesian origin
• Loan words in Sri Lankan Tamil
• Indonesian history
• Differences between Malay and Indonesian

Bibliography

• de Vries, Jan W., Grijns, C.D. and Santa Maria, L. 1983 Indonesian : a check-list of words of European origin in Bahasa Indonesia and traditional Malay Leiden : Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. ISBN 90-6718-004-1.
• Badudu, J.S; Kamus Kata-kata Serapan Asing Dalam Bahasa Indonesia; Kompas, Jakarta, 2003

External links

• Indonesian Etymology Database
• SEAlang Library Orthography search engine on Loan-Words in Indonesian and Malay