List of residents of 10 Downing Street

Number 10 Downing Street
General information
Town or city	City of Westminster
Country	England, United Kingdom
Coordinates

Number 10 Downing Street is the residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The headquarters of Her Majesty's Government, it is situated on Downing Street in the City of Westminster in London, England.

Number 10 was originally three houses: a stately mansion overlooking St. James's Park called "the house at the back" built around 1530, a modest townhouse behind it located at 10 Downing Street and a small cottage next to Number 10. The townhouse, from which the modern building gets its name, was one of several built by Sir George Downing between 1682 and 1684.

Below is a list of the residents of Number 10 and the House at the Back from 1650 to the present.

Residents of Number 10 Downing Street and The House at the Back (1650-present)

Prime Ministers are indicated in bold.

NAME(S) OF RESIDENT(S)		OFFICE(S) HELD WHILE IN RESIDENCE (IF ANY)	YEAR(S) IN RESIDENCE
The House at the Back: Before 1733
Oliver Cromwell		Lord Protector	1650–1654
George Monck, Duke of Albemarle		First Commissioner of the Treasury	1660–1670
William, Prince of Orange (future King William III of England)		***	1670–1671
George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham		Member of the Cabal Ministry	1671–1676
Earl of Lichfield		Master of the Horse	1677–1688
Henry Nassau, Lord Overkirk (formerly Auverquerque)		Master of the Horse	1690–1708
Frances Nassau, Lady Overkirk		None	1708–1720
Johann Caspar von Bothmar, Count Bothmar		Envoy from Hanover; advisor to George I and George II	1720–1732
Number 10 Downing Street: Before 1733
The Countess of Yarmouth		*	1688–1692
Lord Lansdowne		*	1692–1696
Earl of Grantham		*	1699–1703
Number 10 Downing Street, including the House at the Back: 1735 and After
Between 1733 and 1735, the architect William Kent, under a commission from Sir Robert Walpole, combined Litchfield House and one of the Downing Street townhouses into one house, known since as Number 10 Downing Street, officially the residence of the First Lord of the Treasury.
Sir Robert Walpole		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1735–1742
Samuel Sandys, later Baron Sandys		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1742–1743
Lord Sandys		***	1743–1744
Earl of Lincoln		Prime Minister Henry Pelham's nephew and son-in-law	1745–1753
Lewis Watson		***	1753–1754
Henry Bilson-Legge		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1754–1761
Thomas Pelham-Holles		***	1762
Sir Francis Dashwood		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1762–1763
George Grenville		First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer	1763–1765
William Dowdeswell		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1765–1766
During 1766, Number 10 underwent extensive repairs and reconstruction.
Charles Townshend		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1766–1767
Frederick North, Lord North		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1767–1770
Frederick North, Lord North		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1770–1782
Sir John Cavendish (doubtful)		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1782
William Pitt the Younger		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1782–1783
William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland		First Lord of the Treasury	1783
During 1783, Number 10 again underwent extensive repairs and alterations.
William Pitt the Younger		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1783–1801
Henry Addington		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1801–1804
William Pitt the Younger		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1804–1806
William Pitt lived in Number 10 for a total of twenty years, more than any Prime Minister before or since. This long residency helped to establish an association in the public mind between the house and the office.
William Wyndham Grenville, Lord Grenville		First Lord of the Treasury	1806–1807
William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland		First Lord of the Treasury	1807
Spencer Percival		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1807–1809
Spencer Percival		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1809–1812
Charles Arbuthnot		*	1810
Nicholas Vansittart		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1812–1823
Frederick John Robinson		Chancellor of the Exchequer	1823–1827
George Canning		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1827–1828
Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich		First Lord of the Treasury	1827–1828
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington		First Lord of the Treasury	1828–1830
For the first seven months of his ministry, Wellesley refused to live in Number 10 because he thought it too small. He moved in only because his home, Apsley House, required extensive repairs. He returned to Apsley House eighteen months later.
Earl of Bathurst		Lord President of the Council	1830
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey		First Lord of the Treasury	1830–1834
Sir Thomas Fremantle		Secretary to Sir Robert Peel	1835
The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for three years from 1835-1838 during the Melbourne Ministry.
The Hon William Cowper and G. E. Anson		Junior Lords of the Treasury (?)	1838
G. E. Anson		Junior Lord of the Treasury	1839–1840
Edward Drummond		*	1842
Edward Drummond and W. H. Stephenson		*	1843
W. H. Stephenson and George Arbuthnot		*	1844–1846
George Keppel, Charles Grey, and R.W. Grey		*	1847
The residential part of Number 10 was vacant for the next thirty years and the house was used only for Cabinet meetings and office space.
In 1877, Disraeli ordered extensive repairs and redecorating of Number 10 so that he could live there as did Gladstone during his 1880-1885 ministry. From this time, every First Lord has lived in Number 10, although not all were also Prime Minister.
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield		First Lord of the Treasury	1877–1880
William Ewart Gladstone		First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer	1880–1885
Sir Stafford Northcote		First Lord of the Treasury	1885–1886
William Ewart Gladstone		First Lord of the Treasury	1886
Lord Salisbury		First Lord of the Treasury	1886–1887
Salisbury lived at his home at 20 Arlington Street in St. James's 1887-1892 and 1895-1902.
William Henry Smith		First Lord of the Treasury	1887–1891
Arthur Balfour		First Lord of the Treasury	1891–1892
William Ewart Gladstone		First Lord of the Treasury, Lord Privy Seal	1892–1894
Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery		First Lord of the Treasury, Lord President of the Council	1894–1895
Arthur Balfour		First Lord of the Treasury, Leader of the House of Commons	1895–1902
Since 1902, every Prime Minister has officially resided in Number 10 although several actually lived elsewhere as noted below. Also, since then, all have held the official legal office of First Lord of the Treasury; none have held the post of Chancellor of the Exchequer whilst PM as was often the case previously, with the exception of Stanley Baldwin between May and August 1923.
Arthur Balfour		First Lord of the Treasury	1902–1905
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman		First Lord of the Treasury	1905–1907
Herbert Henry Asquith		First Lord of the Treasury (and Secretary for War January–August 1914)	1907–1916
David Lloyd George		First Lord of the Treasury	1916–1922
Andrew Bonar Law		First Lord of the Treasury	1922–1923
Stanley Baldwin		First Lord of the Treasury (and Chancellor of the Exchequer May–August 1923)	1923–1924
James Ramsay MacDonald		First Lord of the Treasury and Foreign Secretary	1924
Stanley Baldwin		First Lord of the Treasury	1924–1929
James Ramsay MacDonald		First Lord of the Treasury	1929–1935
Stanley Baldwin		First Lord of the Treasury	1935–1937
Neville Chamberlain		First Lord of the Treasury	1937–1940
Winston Churchill		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister of Defence	1940–1945
For his safety, Churchill lived in the heavily bunkered Annex of Number 10 during most of World War II. However, he did insist on using Number 10 for work and dining.
Clement Attlee		First Lord of the Treasury	1945–1951
Sir Winston Churchill		First Lord of the Treasury	1951–1955
Sir Anthony Eden		First Lord of the Treasury	1955–1956
Harold Macmillan		First Lord of the Treasury	1957–1960
Macmillan lived in Admiralty House from 1960-1964 while Number 10 was restored. Completely gutted, and carefully dismantled, the house was then meticulously rebuilt on deep foundations using as much of the original materials as possible.
Sir Alec Douglas-Home		First Lord of the Treasury	1964
Harold Wilson		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1964–1970
Edward Heath		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1970–1974
Harold Wilson		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1974–1976
During his second ministry, Wilson maintained the public illusion of living in Number 10 even though he actually lived in his house at 5 Lord North Street in Westminster.
James Callaghan		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1976–1979
Margaret Thatcher		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1979–1990
John Major		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1990–1997
In 1991, The Provisional IRA launched a mortar bomb at Number 10, blowing out windows and leaving a large crater in the back yard. Major vacated the house during repairs.
Tony Blair		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	1997–2007
Shortly after taking office in 1997, Tony Blair agreed to swap apartments with his Chancellor, Gordon Brown, since the flat at Number 11 was larger and more suited to Blair's larger family. Brown remained at Number 10 after he succeeded to the premiership in 2007.
Gordon Brown		Chancellor of the Exchequer (1997–2007) First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service (2007–2010)	2007–2010
David Cameron		First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service	2010–present

See also

• 10 Downing Street