List of retired Pacific typhoon names
This is a list of all Pacific typhoons that have had their names retired by the Japan Meteorological Agency. A total of 29 typhoon names have been retired since the start of official tropical cyclone naming in the western North Pacific Ocean in 2000. Tropical cyclone names are retired by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in a meeting in January or February. Those typhoons that have their names retired tend to be exceptionally destructive storms. Several names were removed or altered naming list for various reasons other than retirement. Collectively, retired typhoons have caused over $68 billion in damage (2024 USD), as well as over 12,000 deaths.
Contents
General information
In 2000, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) began naming tropical cyclones from a list of 140 names, submitted by 14 countries. Previously, the JMA labeled storms with numbers, but not names. The JMA has been the official warning agency of the western Pacific Ocean since 1981, though other organizations have also tracked typhoons. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially named tropical cyclones from 1947 to 1999.[1] During this time period, there were several pre-determined tropical cyclone lists, in which many names were removed and replaced with others.[2] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) names tropical cyclones using a separate list, which is adjusted periodically.[3]
Several names were removed from the list. In 2002, the name Hanuman was replaced prior to being used, due to objection by the India Meteorological Department for reason of religion.[4] Additionally, the name Kodo was replaced in 2002 without being used.[5] The following year, Koni was replaced by Goni, after an apparent misspelling was made. In 2004, the names Yanyan and Tingting were removed at the request of the Hong Kong Observatory.[5][6] A total of nine names on the list had their spellings changed.[5] In February 2014, the name Sonamu was removed at the request from Malaysia due to causing unprecedented panic by the similar pronunciation to tsunami.[7] In February 2015 the name Jongdari was chosen as replacement for Sonamu. In the 46th session of the Typhoon Committee, it was noted the name Vicente appears on both the tropical cyclone name lists for the Western North Pacific and Eastern North Pacific. In response to this duplication the name Lan was chosen as replacement for Vicente on the Western North Pacific name list to avoid potential confusion.
Background
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List of retired typhoons
Listed by damage
This lists all retired Pacific typhoons by their total damages (in 2024 USD). Typhoon names are generally retired for one of two reasons, either because they were particularly damaging or particularly deadly. Some data may be incomplete and account for damages in only one location while the storm affected several areas. Calculation of modern-day damage amounts is done using the Consumer Price Index.[8]
Name | Season | Damage | |
---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted USD | 2024 USD | ||
Vamei | 2001 | $3.6 million | $[9] | 4.81 million
Chataan | 2002 | $660 million | $[10] | 868 million
Rusa | 2002 | $4.2 billion | $[11] | 5.53 billion
Pongsona | 2002 | $730 million | $[12][13] | 960 million
Imbudo | 2003 | $383 million | $[14][15] | 493 million
Maemi | 2003 | $4.8 billion | $[11] | 6.17 billion
Sudal | 2004 | $14 million | $[16] | 17.5 million
Rananim | 2004 | $2.44 billion | $[17] | 3.06 billion
Matsa | 2005 | $2.23 billion | $[18] | 2.7 billion
Nabi | 2005 | $972 million | $[18] | 1.18 billion
Longwang | 2005 | $970.5 million | $[19] | 1.18 billion
Chanchu | 2006 | $879 million | $[20] | 1.03 billion
Bilis | 2006 | $4.4 billion | $[21] | 5.16 billion
Saomai | 2006 | $2.5 billion | $[22] | 2.93 billion
Xangsane | 2006 | $750 million | $[23][24] | 880 million
Durian | 2006 | $530 million | $[25][26] | 622 million
Ketsana | 2009 | $1.09 billion | $[27] | 1.2 billion
Parma | 2009 | $617 million | $ | 681 million
Listed by deaths
This lists retired Pacific typhoons by the number of deaths they caused. Typhoons names are generally retired for one of two reasons, either because they were particularly damaging or particularly deadly. Most storms cause fatalities not by their high winds but rather through flooding—either storm surge or inland flooding due to rainfall. Storm surge has the highest potential for deaths. With modern forecasting, warning, and evacuations, storm surge deaths can be nearly eliminated; however, the potential is still very high for catastrophe in places where warning systems are not in place or if warnings are ignored. Inland flooding, by contrast, is unpredictable because it depends heavily on the system's interaction with the terrain and with other nearby weather systems.
Name | Season | Deaths |
---|---|---|
Sudal | 2004 | None[16] |
Pongsona | 2002 | 1 indirect[12] |
Matsa | 2005 | 29 total[18][28] |
Nabi | 2005 | 32 total[18] |
Longwang | 2005 | 148 total[29][30] |
Rananim | 2004 | 188 total[31] |
Chanchu | 2006 | 268 total[32] |
Xangsane | 2006 | 312 total[24][33][34] |
Pre—2000s
Name | Dates | Classification | Wind speeds | Pressure | Primary areas affected | Deaths | Damages | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lucille | May 25 – June 4, 1960 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). | Philippines | 300–500 | $2 million | [35][36][37][38][39] |
Ophelia | November 21 – December 6, 1960 | Category 4 super typhoon | 250 km/h (155 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Caroline Islands | 2 | Unknown | [40][41] |
Karen | November 7 – 17, 1962 | Category 5 super typhoon | 295 km/h (185 mph) | 894 hPa (26.40 inHg) | Guam | 11 | $250 million | [42] |
Bess | October 8 – 14, 1974 | Category 1 typhoon | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Philippines, China, Vietnam | 32 | $9.2 million | [40][43][44] |
Bess | July 21 – August 3, 1982 | Category 5 super typhoon | 260 km/h (160 mph) | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | Japan | 95 | $2.32 billion | [45] |
Ike | August 26 – September 6, 1984 | Category 4 typhoon | 230 km/h (145 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Guam, Philippines, China | 1,142 | $1 billion | |
Roy | January 7 – 19, 1988 | Category 4 typhoon | 215 km/h (135 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Micronesia, Philippines | 2 | $28.5 million | |
Mike | November 5 – 18, 1990 | Category 5 super typhoon | 280 km/h (175 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | Micronesia, Philippines, China | 748 | $220 million | |
Mireille | September 13 – 27, 1991 | Category 4 super typhoon | 240 km/h (150 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea | 66 | $10 billion | |
Thelma | November 1 – 8, 1991 | Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Philippines, Vietnam | 5,081–8,145 | $26.7 million | [46][47][48][49] |
Omar | August 20 – September 6, 1992 | Category 4 super typhoon | 240 km/h (150 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Guam, Taiwan, China | 2 | $457 million | |
11 Names | Reference for retired names.[nb 1] | 7481 | $14.3 billion |
2000s
Name | Dates | Classification | Wind speeds | Pressure | Primary areas affected | Deaths | Damages | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vamei | December 26, 2001 – January 1, 2002 |
Tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) | Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia | 5 | $3.6 million | [nb 2][9] |
Chataan | June 27 – July 13, 2002 | Typhoon | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Chuuk, Guam, Japan | 54 | $660 million | [50][51] |
Rusa | August 22 – September 4, 2002 | Typhoon | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Japan, Taiwan, Korean Peninsula | 238 | $4.2 billion | [11] |
Pongsona | December 2 – 12, 2002 | Typhoon | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Mariana Islands | 1 | $730 million | |
Yanyan† | January 11 – 21, 2003 | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Mariana Islands | None | None | |
Imbudo | July 15 – 25, 2003 | Typhoon | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Philippines, China | 64 | $340 million | [52] |
Maemi | September 4 – 16, 2003 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) | Korean Peninsula | 117 | $4.1 billion | [11] |
Sudal | April 2 – 18, 2004 | Typhoon | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Yap, Guam | None | $14 million | |
Tingting† | June 24 – July 4, 2004 | Typhoon | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Japan | 12 | $23.7 million | |
Rananim | August 6 – 15, 2004 | Typhoon | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | China, Japan | 169 | $2.44 billion | |
Matsa | July 30 – August 9, 2005 | Typhoon | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | China, Taiwan | 29 | $2.23 billion | |
Nabi | August 29 – September 9, 2005 | Typhoon | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea | 32 | $535 million | |
Longwang | September 25 – October 3, 2005 | Typhoon | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Taiwan, China | 149 | $971 million | [53][54][55][56] |
Chanchu | May 8 – 19, 2006 | Typhoon | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam | 268 | $478 million | |
Bilis | July 8 – 16, 2006 | Severe tropical storm | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Philippines, Taiwan, China | 859 | $4.4 billion | [57][58] |
Saomai | August 4 – 11, 2006 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Mariana Islands, Taiwan, China | 458 | $2.5 billion | [21] |
Xangsane | September 25 – October 2, 2006 | Typhoon | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 925 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand | 312 | $750 million | |
Durian | November 25 – December 7, 2006 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand | >1,500 | > | $400 million[59][60] |
Morakot | August 2 – 12, 2009 | Typhoon | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 945 hPa (27.90 inHg) | Taiwan, China, Korean Peninsula | 789 | $6.2 billion | |
Ketsana | September 23 – 30, 2009 | Typhoon | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Philippines, Vietnam, Laos Cambodia, Thailand |
710 | $1.09 billion | |
Parma | September 27 – October 14, 2009 | Typhoon | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Philippines, China, Vietnam | 500 | $617 million | |
Names | References:[nb 1][nb 3][nb 4][nb 5][nb 6] |
2010s
Name | Dates | Classification | Wind speeds | Pressure | Primary areas affected | Deaths | Damages | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fanapi | September 14 – 21, 2010 | Typhoon | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Taiwan, China | 105 | $987 million | [64] |
Washi | December 13 – 19, 2011 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Micronesia, Palau, Philippines | 1,268 | $48.4 million | [65][66] |
Bopha | November 25 – December 9, 2012 | Typhoon | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Micronesia, Philippines | 1,146 | $1.04 billion | |
Sonamu† | January 1 – 10, 2013 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia | 2 | Minimal | [67][68] |
Utor | August 8 – 18, 2013 | Typhoon | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Philippines, China | 97 | $2.6 billion | [69][70][71] |
Fitow | September 29 – October 7, 2013 | Typhoon | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | China, Taiwan, Japan | 12 | $10.4 billion | [69] |
Haiyan | November 3 – 11, 2013 | Typhoon | 230 km/h (145 mph) | 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) | Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, China | 6,340 | $2.86 billion | [69][72][73] |
Rammasun | July 9 – 20, 2014 | Typhoon | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Philippines, China, Vietnam | 195 | $7.13 billion | [74][75][76] |
8 Names | References:[nb 1][nb 3][nb 4][nb 5][nb 6] |
See also
- List of retired Atlantic hurricane names
- List of retired Pacific hurricane names
- List of retired Philippine typhoon names
- List of retired Australian cyclone names
- List of retired South Pacific tropical cyclone names
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Reference for the retired names between 1947 and 2010.[40]
- ↑ The name Vamei was retired because it was the first tropical cyclone recorded near the equator.[40]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Reference for dates, season, wind speeds and pressure between 2000 and 2023 [61]
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Reference for the retired names between 2000 and 2015.[5]
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Reference for the retired names between 2000 and 2015.[62]
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Reference for the retired names between 1947 and 2013.[63]
References
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- ↑ "August 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap"
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- ↑ Typhoon Rammasun kills 27 in Vietnam
External links
- Japan Meteorological Agency
- China Meteorological Agency
- Digital Typhoon
- Hong Kong Observatory
- Joint Typhoon Warning Center
- Korea Meteorological Administration
- National Weather Service Guam
- Malaysian Meteorological Department
- Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
- Taiwan Central Weather Bureau
- TCWC Jakarta (Indonesian)
- Thai Meteorological Department (Thai)
- Typhoon2000
- Vietnam's National Hydro-Meteorological Service