List of sovereign states in the 19th century BC

The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies. Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states. Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state. The earliest known primary states appeared in Mesopatamia ca. 3700 B.C., in Egypt ca. 3300 B.C., in the Indus Valley ca. 2500 B.C., India ca 1700 B. C.,and in China ca. 1600 B.C. As they interacted with their less developed neighbors through trade, warfare, migration, and more generalized ideological influences, the primary states directly or indirectly fostered the emergence of secondary states in surrounding areas, for example, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and Mycenaean states of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan. Professor Gil Stein at the University of Chicago Oriental Institute states The excavations and archaeological surveys of the last few decades have vastly increased both the quantity and quality of what we know about ancient states and urbanism. Archaeologists have broadened the scope of their research beyond the traditional focus on rulers and urban elites. Current research now aims at understanding the role of urban commoners, craft specialists, and village-based farmers in the overall organization of ancient states and societies. Given the immense geographical scope encompassed by the term “the Ancient World,

. This is a list of cultures, civilizations and sovereign states that existed between 1900 BC to 1801 BC.

Sovereign states

Sovereign state	Years
Akkadian Empire	2334 - 2193 BC
Amorite	2000 – 1595 BC
Armi	2290 - 40 BC
Aramea	2300 – 700 BC
Arzawa	2300 - 1200 BC
Assyria –	2025 - 911 BC
Babylonia	1894 - 732 BC
Dilmun	2600-675 BC
Ebla	3500 - 1600 BC
Egypt	3050 - 1550, 1077 - 322 BC
Elam	2800 - 550 BC
Eshnuna	2000 - 8th century BC
Gojoseon	2333 - 108 BC
Gutium	2108 - 2089 BC
Hatti	2700 - 1900 BC
Hitti	1900 - 1600 BC
Illyria	2000-168 BC
Indus	3100 - 1300 BC
Kussara	1900 - 1650 BC
Lukka	2000 - 1183 BC
Lullubi	2400-650 BC
Luvia	2300 - 1400 BC
Magan	2200-550 BC
Mari	2900 - 1759 BC
Minoa	2700 - 1420 BC
Namar	2350-750 BC
Pelasgia	3000 - 1183 BC
Purushanda	2000 - 1650 BC
Punt	2400 - 1069 BC
Qiang	2000 BC- 150 BC
Sea Peoples	c. 2000 - 1175 BC
Sumeria	2900 - 1674 BC
Ugarit	2500 - 1090 BC
Upper Mesopotamia	1809 - 1776 BC
Văn Lang	2879 - 258 BC
Xia	2205 - 1600 BC
Xu	2000-512 BC

See also

• List of Bronze Age states
• List of Classical Age states
• List of Iron Age states
• List of states during Antiquity
• List of state leaders in the 19th century BC