Luhansk

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Luhansk (Луганськ)
Lugansk (Луганск)
Ukraine hotel
Ukraine hotel
Flag of Luhansk (Луганськ)Lugansk (Луганск)
Flag		 Coat of arms of Luhansk (Луганськ)Lugansk (Луганск)
Coat of arms
Luhansk (Луганськ)Lugansk (Луганск) is located in Ukraine
Luhansk (Луганськ)Lugansk (Луганск)
Luhansk (Луганськ)
Lugansk (Луганск)
Location of Luhansk
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country
Oblast
Raion		 Ukraine
Luhansk Oblast
Founded 1795
Government
 • Mayor Serhiy Ivanovych Kravchenko
Area
 • Total 257 km2 (99 sq mi)
Elevation 105 m (344 ft)
Population (2013)
 • Total 425,848
 • Density 1,802/km2 (4,670/sq mi)
Postal code 91000
Area code(s) +380 642
Website http://gorod.lugansk.ua/
Raions of Luhansk

The city of Luhansk (Ukrainian: Луганськ, IPA: [ɫuˈɦɑnʲsʲk]) or Lugansk (Russian: Луганск; IPA: [lʊˈgansk]), formerly known as Voroshilovgrad (1935-1958 and 1970-1990), functions as the administrative center of Luhansk Oblast in easternmost Ukraine. The city itself is also designated as city of oblast significance. Population: 425,848 (2013 est.)[1].

Since 2014, Luhansk is controlled by the forces of the Luhansk People's Republic and is not controlled by the Ukrainian Government. The administration of Luhansk Oblast was moved to Sievierodonetsk.

History

Ruined supermarket in Lugansk. August 2015

The city traces its history to 1795 when the British industrialist Charles Gascoigne founded a metal factory near the Zaporizhian Cossacks settlement Kamianyi Brid. The settlement around the factory was known as Luganskiy Zavod. In 1882 the factory settlement Luganskiy Zavod was merged with the town of Kamianyi Brid into the city of Luhansk. Located in the Donets Basin, Luhansk developed into an important industrial center of Eastern Europe, particularly as a home to the major locomotive-building company Luhanskteplovoz. The city was occupied by Nazi Germany between July 14, 1942 and February 14, 1943.

On November 5, 1935, the city was renamed Voroshilovgrad (Russian: Ворошиловград/Ukrainian: Ворошиловград - Voroshilovhrad) in honour of Soviet military commander and politician Kliment Voroshilov. On March 5, 1958, with the call of Khrushchev not to give names of living people to cities, the old name was reinstated.[2][3] On January 5, 1970, after the death of Voroshilov on December 2, 1969, the name changed again to Voroshilovgrad. Finally, on May 4, 1990, a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR gave the city back its original name.

During the 2014 protests in Eastern Ukraine, separatists seized governmental buildings in the region proclaiming the Luhansk People's Republic. An independence referendum was held on May 11, 2014. The legitimacy of the referendums was not recognized by most governments.[4] However, the Luhansk People's Republic was recognized by South Ossetia.[5] Ukraine does not recognize the referendum, while the EU and US said the polls were illegal.[6]

On 25 June 2014, Luhansk was officially pronounced as the capital of the Luhansk People's Republic by the government of the Luhansk People's Republic.[7]

In August 2014, Ukrainian government forces completely surrounded rebel-held Luhansk.[8] Heavy shelling caused civilian casualties in the city.[9][10] On August 17, Ukrainian soldiers entered rebel-controlled Luhansk and gained control over a police station.[11]

After the Ilovaisk counteroffensive, LPR forces regained Lutuhyne and other Luhansk suburbs. Ukrainian forces withdrew from the Luhansk International Airport on 1 September after heavy fighting.[12]

Demographics

According to the Ukrainian Census of 2001[13] the majority of inhabitants declared as Ukrainians 49,6%, followed by Russians 47%. The first language ("mother tongue") was Russian at 85.3%, Ukrainian at 13.7%, and smaller numbers of Armenian (0.2%) and Belarusian (0.1%).

Sport

Luhansk is home to Zorya Luhansk which now plays in the Ukrainian Premier League annual football championship and plays at the Avanhard Stadium. The club won the 1972 Soviet Top League.

The other football team was Dynamo Luhansk.

Merheleva Ridge

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Main article: Merheleva Ridge

On September 7, 2006, archaeologists in Ukraine announced that an ancient structure had been discovered near Luhansk, which the press reported as a pyramid antedating those in Egypt by at least 300 years. The stone foundations of the structure were said to resemble Aztec and Mayan pyramids in Mesoamerica. It was later concluded that the site in question was not a pyramid but was still of great interest.

Gallery

During 2014 and 2015, Luhansk has been the scene of much fighting and most of these buildings are damaged to some extent. Some may be destroyed.

  • Luhansk drama theatre

  • Luhansk University

  • Night Luhansk, Radiandska street

  • "Luhansk" hotel

  • St. Volodymyr Cathedral in Luhansk

  • City history museum

  • Soviet buildings in central Luhansk

  • City old hospital

  • Vladimir Dal monument

  • Lugansk drama theatre

Notable people

British Mark V captured by Don Army, 1919
Monument for Revolution Heroes in Luhansk.

Climate

Climate data for Luhansk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.8
(55)		 17.3
(63.1)		 23.1
(73.6)		 31.8
(89.2)		 36.6
(97.9)		 39.4
(102.9)		 40.5
(104.9)		 42.0
(107.6)		 36.8
(98.2)		 31.2
(88.2)		 22.8
(73)		 15.6
(60.1)		 42.0
(107.6)
Average high °C (°F) −1.0
(30.2)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 5.7
(42.3)		 15.6
(60.1)		 22.2
(72)		 26.4
(79.5)		 28.7
(83.7)		 28.2
(82.8)		 21.8
(71.2)		 13.9
(57)		 5.2
(41.4)		 0.1
(32.2)		 13.9
(57)
Daily mean °C (°F) −4.0
(24.8)		 −4.1
(24.6)		 1.4
(34.5)		 9.7
(49.5)		 15.8
(60.4)		 20.1
(68.2)		 22.3
(72.1)		 21.2
(70.2)		 15.3
(59.5)		 8.6
(47.5)		 1.8
(35.2)		 −2.7
(27.1)		 8.8
(47.8)
Average low °C (°F) −6.8
(19.8)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 4.2
(39.6)		 9.4
(48.9)		 13.8
(56.8)		 16.0
(60.8)		 14.5
(58.1)		 9.4
(48.9)		 4.0
(39.2)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 4.0
(39.2)
Record low °C (°F) −41.9
(−43.4)		 −36.9
(−34.4)		 −27.3
(−17.1)		 −12.1
(10.2)		 −8.2
(17.2)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 5.2
(41.4)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 −7.2
(19)		 −16.3
(2.7)		 −26.3
(−15.3)		 −29.6
(−21.3)		 −41.9
(−43.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 36
(1.42)		 36
(1.42)		 32
(1.26)		 33
(1.3)		 50
(1.97)		 61
(2.4)		 63
(2.48)		 34
(1.34)		 45
(1.77)		 35
(1.38)		 39
(1.54)		 39
(1.54)		 503
(19.8)
Average rainy days 10 8 11 14 13 14 12 8 11 11 13 10 135
Average snowy days 17 16 10 1 0.1 0.03 0 0 0.1 1 7 16 68
Average relative humidity (%) 84 82 77 65 62 63 63 60 67 75 84 85 72
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[14]

International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine

Luhansk is twinned with:

See also

References

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External links

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  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  6. ↑ BBC News 12 May 2014
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ "East Ukraine city of Luhansk dying under siege, residents say". The Denver Post. 5 August 2014.
  9. ↑ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28770179
  10. ↑ "In Shell-Torn Luhansk, Food and Water Is Scarce: 'Welcome to Hell!'". Newsweek. 15 August 2014.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29009516
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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