Luis of Spain, Count of Chinchón
| Luis of Spain | |
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| Count of Chinchón | |
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Luis of Spain
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| Born | 25 July 1727 Seville, Spain |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Arenas de San Pedro, Ávila |
| House | House of Bourbon |
| Father | Philip V of Spain |
| Mother | Elisabeth Farnese |
Luis Antonio Jaime of Spain (25 July 1727 – 7 August 1785), Infante of Spain, Cardinal Deacon of the titular church of Santa Maria della Scala in Rome, Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of Spain, 13th Count of Chinchón, Grandee of Spain First Class, known as the Cardinal-Infante, was a son of Philip V, King of Spain and his second wife, Elisabeth Farnese.
He is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the youngest-ever cardinal.[1]
Life
Early years
Luis Antonio Jaime de Borbón y Farnesio, de Baviera y d'Este was born the youngest son of King Philip V, King of Spain, and his second wife, Elizabeth Farnese. While barely eight years of age, Luis was created 699th Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1735 and ordained Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of Spain on 9 September 1735, and subsequently named Cardinal Deacon of the Title of the church of Santa Maria della Scala in Rome on 19 December. On 18 December 1754 he abandoned the ecclesiastical life for lack of vocation, renounced his ecclesiastical titles and dignities and assumed the title of 13th Conde de Chinchón (Count of Chinchón) granted by his brother Infante Felipe.
When his older half-brother King Ferdinand VI died without issue in 1759, Luis claimed the throne on the grounds that, he was the only surviving son of Philip V still residing in Spain (his older brothers were Charles, King of Naples and Sicily, and Philip, Duke of Parma, both reigning in Italy). However valid his claim, Luis lost the succession to his oldest brother Charles, while Charles' third son became Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies.
Infante Luis was a patron of the arts and culture, and admirer of musician Luigi Boccherini, architect Ventura Rodríguez and painters Francisco de Goya, Luis Paret y Alcázar, and Charles Joseph Flipart.
| Family of Luis Antonio in 1743 |
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"The Family of Philip V of Spain 1743"; (L-R) Mariana Victoria, Princess of Brazil; Barbara, Princess of Asturias; Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias; King Philip V; Luis, Count of Chinchón; Elisabeth Farnese; Infante Philip; Princess Louise Élisabeth of France; Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela; Infanta Maria Antonietta; Maria Amalia, Queen of Naples and Sicily; Charles, King of Naples and Sicily. The two children in the foreground are Princess Maria Isabella Anne of Naples and Sicily and Infanta Isabella of Spain (daughter of the future Duke of Parma)
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Marriage
King Charles III, fearful of his brother, exiled Luis far away from the Court of Madrid. On 27 June (some say 28 January), 1776 at Olias del Rey Luis contracted a Morganatic marriage with an Aragonese aristocrat, María Teresa de Vallabriga y Rozas, Español y Drummond (5 September 1758 – Zaragoza, 16 February 1820), 99th Noble Dame of the Royal Order of Queen María Luisa on 7 December 1800, 13th Condesa de Chinchón Grandee of Spain 1st Class, daughter of José Ignacio de Vallabriga y Español, ... y ..., ?th Conde de Torrescasas, of the House of the Condes de Torres Levas, and wife Josefa de Rozas y Drummond, ... and .... This was much to the liking of Charles, because Luis now could not have children with a better claim to the throne.
Children
Since Luis' children had been born of a morganatic marriage, they could not receive royal titles, and thus the descendants of Charles were the legitimate Spanish heirs (even though the children of Charles had been born in Naples). The couple had four children:
- Luis María Cardinal de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas (Cadalso de los Vidrios, 1777 – Madrid, 1823);
- a stillborn;
- María Teresa Carolina; married in the Escorial, Madrid, 2 October 1797 Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria, 1st Principe de la Paz, 1st Duque de Alcúdia and 1st Duque de Sueca (Badajoz, 12 May 1767 – Paris, 4 October 1851), and had issue, an only daughter Carlota Luisa Manuela.
- María Luisa de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas (Toledo, 21 March 1780 – Paris, 1 December 1846), 98th Noble Dame of the Royal Order of Queen María Luisa on 10 October 1800, married in 1817 Joaquín José de Melgarejo y Saurín, de Rojas y Ruíz-Dávalos (Cox, Alicante, 23 January 1780 – Madrid, 9 April 1835), 3rd Marqués de Melgarejo and 1st Duque de San Fernando de Quiroga Grandee of Spain First Class with a Coat of Arms of de Melgarejo, 39th Minister of External Affairs of Spain (12 September 1819 – 18 March 1820), without issue.
Charles had a great deal of appreciation and devotion to his younger brother, and even during his exile, Luis was treated quite well by the Spanish court. Luis loved his brother equally as much, which is why Luis later accepted Charles as King and accepted his exile. Despite this, Luis remained bitter and saddened by the fact that he lost the opportunity to be King. Luis died disgraced and in internal exile in 1785.
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Coat of Arms of the infante Luis de Borbón, as Cardinal and Archbishop of Toledo-H.svg
Arms of the Infante Luis de Spain, as Cardinal and Archbishop of Toledo
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Coat of Arms of the Infante Luis after he abandoned the ecclesiastical life
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Dona María Teresa Carolina - eldest daughter
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The family of Infante Don Luis, as painted by Francisco Goya in 1784
Ancestors
See also
References
- ↑ McWhirter, Ross, McFarlan, Donald, Boehm, David A., and McWhirter, Norris. 1989. 1990 Guinness Book of World Records. Sterling Pub. Co. p. 270.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Infante Luis, Count of Chinchón. |
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- Spanish cardinals
- Archbishops of Toledo
- 1727 births
- 1785 deaths
- House of Bourbon (Spain)
- Grandees of Spain
- Spanish infantes
- Spanish royalty
- Counts of Chinchón
- Knights of the Golden Fleece
- Burials in the Pantheon of Infantes at El Escorial
- 18th-century Spanish people
- 18th-century Roman Catholic archbishops
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