March 23

March 23 is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 283 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official.
• 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
• 1568 – The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion.
• 1708 – James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth.
• 1757 – Capture of Chandannagar fort by British forces.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech – "Give me liberty, or give me death!" – at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia.
• 1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle.
• 1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.
• 1821 – Greek War of Independence: Battle and fall of city of Kalamata.
• 1848 – The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.
• 1857 – Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
• 1862 – The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, marks the start of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Though a Confederate defeat, the engagement distracts Federal efforts to capture Richmond.
• 1868 – The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.
• 1879 – War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru.
• 1885 – Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near Hưng Hóa, northern Vietnam.
• 1888 – In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional association football league, meets for the first time.
• 1889 – The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, India.
• 1901 – Emilio Aguinaldo, only President of the First Philippine Republic, was captured at Palanan, Isabela by forces of General Frederick Funston.
• 1905 – Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece, and begins what is to be known as the Theriso revolt.
• 1908 – American diplomat Durham Stevens is attacked by Korean assassins Jeon Myeong-un and Jang In-hwan, leading to his death in a hospital two days later.
• 1909 – Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.
• 1918 – First World War: On the third day of the German Spring Offensive, the 10th Battalion of the Royal West Kent Regiment is annihilated with many of the men becoming prisoners of war
• 1919 – In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.
• 1931 – Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian struggle for independence.
• 1933 – The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act of 1933, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
• 1935 – Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
• 1939 – The Hungarian air force attacks the headquarters of Slovak air force in the city of Spišská Nová Ves, kills 13 people and began the Slovak–Hungarian War.
• 1940 – The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All-India Muslim League.
• 1942 – World War II: In the Indian Ocean, Japanese forces capture the Andaman Islands.
• 1956 – Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world. (Republic Day in Pakistan)
• 1965 – NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
• 1965 – The first issue of The Vigilant is published from Khartoum.
• 1977 – The first of The Nixon Interviews (12 will be recorded over four weeks) are videotaped with British journalist David Frost interviewing former United States President Richard Nixon about the Watergate scandal and the Nixon tapes.
• 1978 – The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.
• 1980 – Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador gives his famous speech appealing to men of the El Salvadoran armed forces to stop killing the Salvadorans.
• 1982 – Guatemala's government, headed by Fernando Romeo Lucas García is overthrown in a military coup by right-wing General Efraín Ríos Montt.
• 1983 – Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.
• 1991 – The Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, invades Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow Joseph Saidu Momoh, sparking a gruesome 11-year Sierra Leone Civil War.
• 1994 – At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez.
• 1994 – Aeroflot Flight 593 crashes in Siberia when the pilot's fifteen-year-old son accidentally disengages the autopilot, killing all 75 people on board.
• 1994 – A United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 aircraft collides with a USAF C-130 at Pope Air Force Base and then crashes, killing 24 United States Army soldiers on the ground. This later became known as the Green Ramp disaster.
• 1996 – Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.
• 1999 – Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.
• 2001 – The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.
• 2003 – Battle of Nasiriyah, first major conflict during the invasion of Iraq.
• 2005 – Texas City Refinery explosion: During a test on a distillation tower liquid waste builds up and flows out of a blowout tower. Waste fumes ignite and explode killing 15 workers.
• 2009 – FedEx Express Flight 80: A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 flying from Guangzhou, China crashes at Tokyo's Narita International Airport, killing both the captain and the co-pilot.

Births

• 1336 – Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan (d. 1374)
• 1430 – Margaret of Anjou (d. 1482)
• 1599 – Thomas Selle, German composer (d. 1663)
• 1699 – John Bartram, American botanist and explorer (d. 1777)
• 1732 – Princess Marie Adélaïde of France (d. 1800)
• 1749 – Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1827)
• 1750 – Johannes Matthias Sperger, Austrian bassist and composer (d. 1812)
• 1754 – Jurij Vega, Slovene mathematician, physicist and artillery officer (d. 1802)
• 1769 – Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general and diplomat (d. 1832)
• 1769 – William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (d. 1839)
• 1823 – Schuyler Colfax, American journalist and politician, 17th Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
• 1826 – Ludwig Minkus, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1917)
• 1834 – Julius Reubke, German pianist and composer (d. 1858)
• 1842 – Friedrich Amelung, Estonian-German historian, businessman, and composer (d. 1909)
• 1858 – Ludwig Quidde, German activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
• 1862 – Nathaniel Reed, American criminal (d. 1950)
• 1868 – Dietrich Eckart, German journalist and politician (d. 1923)
• 1869 – Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino general and politician, 1st President of the Philippines (d. 1964)
• 1869 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Turkish-Armenian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1955)
• 1871 – Heinrich Schroth, German actor (d. 1945)
• 1872 – Michael Joseph Savage, Australian-New Zealand union leader and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1940)
• 1874 – Grantley Goulding, English hurdler (d. 1947)
• 1874 – J. C. Leyendecker, German-American painter and illustrator (d. 1951)
• 1876 – Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet, and activist (d. 1924)
• 1876 – Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet, writer and political leader (d. 1964)
• 1878 – Franz Schreker, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1934)
• 1880 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish lawyer and politician, Finnish Minister of the Interior (d. 1922)
• 1881 – Lacey Hearn, American sprinter (d. 1969)
• 1881 – Roger Martin du Gard, French author and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
• 1881 – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)
• 1882 – Emmy Noether, German-American mathematician, physicist, and academic (d. 1935)
• 1884 – Joseph Boxhall, English sailor (d. 1967)
• 1885 – Platt Adams, American jumper and politician (d. 1961)
• 1886 – Frank Irons, American long jumper (d. 1942)
• 1887 – Josef Čapek, Czech painter and poet (d. 1945)
• 1887 – Juan Gris, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1927)
• 1887 – Sidney Hillman, Lithuanian-born American labor leader (d. 1946)
• 1887 – Felix Yusupov, Russian husband of Princess Irina Alexandrovna of Russia (d. 1967)
• 1891 – Po Kya, Burmese author and educationist (d. 1942)
• 1893 – Cedric Gibbons, Irish-American art director and production designer (d. 1960)
• 1893 – Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu, Indian engineer and businessman (d. 1974)
• 1894 – Arthur Grimsdell, English footballer and cricketer (d. 1963)
• 1895 – Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (d. 2001)
• 1895 – Dane Rudhyar, French-American astrologer, author, and composer (d. 1985)
• 1898 – Louis Adamic, Slovenian-American author, translator and politician (d. 1951)
• 1899 – Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (d. 1943)
• 1900 – Erich Fromm, German psychologist and sociologist (d. 1980)
• 1902 – Józef Cebula, Polish priest (d. 1942)
• 1904 – H. Beam Piper, American author (d. 1964)
• 1905 – Lale Andersen, German singer-songwriter (d. 1972)
• 1907 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss-Italian pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)
• 1909 – Charles Werner, American cartoonist (d. 1997)
• 1910 – Jerry Cornes, English runner, colonial, and educator (d. 2001)
• 1910 – Akira Kurosawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1998)
• 1912 – Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American author and critic (d. 1996)
• 1912 – Neil McCorkell, English-South African cricketer and coach (d. 2013)
• 1912 – Wernher von Braun, German physicist and engineer (d. 1977)
• 1913 – Abidin Dino, Turkish-French painter and illustrator (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Milbourne Christopher, American magician and author (d. 1984)
• 1915 – Mary Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe (d. 2014)
• 1915 – Tom Pashby, Canadian ophthalmologist (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Vasily Zaytsev, Russian captain (d. 1991)
• 1917 – Harry Cranbrook Allen, English historian (d. 1998)
• 1917 – Kenneth Tobey, American actor (d. 2002)
• 1918 – Stanley Armour Dunham, American sergeant (d. 1992)
• 1918 – Helene Hale, American politician (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Carl Graffunder, American architect and educator (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Neal Edward Smith, American pilot, lawyer, and politician
• 1920 – Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and manager (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Donald Campbell, English race car driver (d. 1967)
• 1921 – Peter Lawler, Australian public servant
• 1922 – Marty Allen, American comedian and actor
• 1922 – Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
• 1923 – Angelo Ingrassia, American soldier and judge (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Rodney Mims Cook, Sr., American lieutenant and politician (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Bette Nesmith Graham, American inventor, invented Liquid Paper (d. 1980)
• 1924 – Olga Kennard, English crystallographer and academic
• 1924 – John Madin, English architect (d. 2012)
• 1924 – Bjørn G. Andersen, Norwegian professor of quaternary geology and glaciology (d. 2012)
• 1925 – David Watkin, English cinematographer (d. 2008)
• 1927 – Mato Damjanović, Croatian chess player (d. 2011)
• 1928 – Jean E. Sammet, American computer scientist and academic
• 1929 – Roger Bannister, English runner, neurologist, and academic
• 1929 – Michael Manser, English architect and engineer
• 1930 – Ahmed Ramzy, Egyptian actor (d. 2012)
• 1931 – Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (d. 2005)
• 1931 – Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player and author
• 1931 – Yevdokiya Mekshilo, Russian skier (d. 2013)
• 1932 – Don Marshall, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1933 – Norman Bailey, English-American opera singer and educator
• 1933 – Norman Yemm, Australian actor and singer (d. 2015)
• 1933 – Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist and academic
• 1934 – Ludvig Faddeev, Russian mathematician and physicist
• 1934 – Fernand Gignac, Canadian singer and actor (d. 2006)
• 1934 – Mark Rydell, American actor, director, and producer
• 1935 – Barry Cryer, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1936 – Jannis Kounellis, Greek painter and sculptor
• 1937 – Craig Breedlove, American race car driver
• 1937 – Tony Burton, American boxer and actor
• 1937 – Robert Gallo, American physician and academic
• 1938 – Jon Finlayson, Australian actor and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Irwin Levine, American songwriter (d. 1997)
• 1938 – Dave Pike, American vibraphone player and songwriter (d. 2015)
• 1939 – Robin Herd, English engineer and businessman
• 1940 – Ama Ata Aidoo, Ghanaian author, playwright, and academic
• 1941 – Jim Trelease, American journalist, author, and educator
• 1942 – Michael Haneke, Austrian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1942 – Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian, scholar, and activist (d. 1980)
• 1943 – Andrew Crockett, Scottish-English economist and banker (d. 2012)
• 1943 – George P. Lee, American religious leader (d. 2010)
• 1943 – Lee May, American baseball player and coach
• 1943 – Sharon Presley, American author and academic
• 1943 – Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish singer, author, and director (d. 2001)
• 1944 – B. P. Gavrilov, Russian rugby player (d. 2006)
• 1944 – Tony McPhee, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Groundhogs)
• 1944 – Michael Nyman, English pianist and composer
• 1945 – Franco Battiato, Italian singer-songwriter and director
• 1945 – David Grisman, American mandolin player and composer (Even Dozen Jug Band, Old and in the Way, and David Grisman Quintet)
• 1946 – Alan Bleasdale, English screenwriter and producer
• 1946 – Pepe Lienhard, Swiss singer and bandleader
• 1946 – Barbara Rhoades, American actress
• 1947 – Elizabeth Ann Scarborough, American author
• 1948 – Wasim Bari, Pakistani cricketer
• 1948 – Marie Malavoy, German-Canadian educator and politician
• 1948 – Penelope Milford, American actress
• 1948 – David Olney, American singer-songwriter
• 1949 – Ric Ocasek, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Cars)
• 1950 – Corinne Cléry, French actress
• 1950 – Joseph Connolly, English journalist and author
• 1950 – Anthony De Longis, American actor, stuntman, and choreographer
• 1950 – Phil Lanzon, English keyboard player and songwriter (Uriah Heep)
• 1950 – Ahdaf Soueif, Egyptian author and translator
• 1951 – Ron Jaworski, American football player and sportscaster
• 1951 – Phil Keaggy, American guitarist (Glass Harp and Love Song)
• 1951 – Adrian Reynard, English businessman, founded Reynard Motorsport
• 1952 – Francesco Clemente, Italian painter and illustrator
• 1952 – Villano III, Mexican wrestler
• 1952 – Kim Stanley Robinson, American author
• 1952 – Rex Tillerson, American businessman
• 1953 – Bo Díaz, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1990)
• 1953 – Chaka Khan, American singer-songwriter (Rufus)
• 1953 – Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Indian zoologist and businesswoman
• 1954 – Geno Auriemma, Italian-American basketball player and coach
• 1954 – Kenneth Cole, American fashion designer, founded Kenneth Cole Productions
• 1955 – Petrea Burchard, American actress
• 1955 – Moses Malone, American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
• 1956 – José Manuel Barroso, Portuguese academic and politician, 115th Prime Minister of Portugal
• 1956 – Andrew Mitchell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for International Development
• 1956 – Jeremy Wade, English biologist and author
• 1957 – Teresa Ganzel, American actress
• 1957 – Lucio Gutiérrez, Ecuadorian politician, 52nd President of Ecuador
• 1957 – Robbie James, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 1998)
• 1957 – Amanda Plummer, American actress
• 1958 – Etienne De Wilde, Belgian cyclist
• 1958 – Bengt-Åke Gustafsson, Swedish ice hockey player and coach
• 1958 – Eldon Hoke, American drummer and singer (The Mentors and The Screamers) (d. 1997)
• 1958 – Michael Sorich, American voice actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Hugh Grant, Scotland-born business executive
• 1959 – Catherine Keener, American actress and producer
• 1959 – Epic Soundtracks, English drummer and songwriter (Swell Maps, Crime and the City Solution, and These Immortal Souls) (d. 1997)
• 1959 – Philippe Volter, Belgian actor and director (d. 2005)
• 1960 – Haris Romas, Greek actor, composer, and screenwriter
• 1960 – Nicol Stephen, Baron Stephen, Scottish lawyer and politician, 2nd Deputy First Minister of Scotland
• 1961 – Roger Crisp, English philosopher and academic
• 1961 – Steve Holmes, Romanian-American porn actor and director
• 1961 – Helmi Johannes, Indonesian journalist and producer
• 1962 – Steve Redgrave, English rower
• 1963 – Míchel, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Juan Ramón López Caro, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Ana Fidelia Quirot, Cuban runner
• 1964 – Okan Bayülgen, Turkish actor, talk show host, and photographer
• 1964 – Hope Davis, American actress and singer
• 1964 – John Pinette, American comedian and actor (d. 2014)
• 1965 – Sarah G. Buxton, American actress
• 1965 – Richard Grieco, American model, actor, and producer
• 1965 – Marti Pellow, Scottish singer-songwriter (Wet Wet Wet)
• 1965 – Gary Whitehead, American poet and painter
• 1966 – Lorenzo Daniel, American sprinter
• 1966 – Beverly Hills, English actress
• 1966 – Marin Hinkle, American actress
• 1966 – Vasilis Vouzas, Greek footballer and manager
• 1967 – David Ford, Canadian canoe racer
• 1968 – Damon Albarn, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (Blur, Gorillaz, and The Good, the Bad & the Queen)
• 1968 – Mike Atherton, English cricketer and journalist
• 1968 – Mitch Cullin, American author
• 1968 – Fernando Hierro, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1968 – Pierre Palmade, French actor and screenwriter
• 1968 – Erki Pehk, Estonian conductor and educator
• 1970 – Midajah, American model, trainer, and manager
• 1970 – Melissa Errico, American actress and singer
• 1970 – John Humphrey, American drummer (The Nixons and Seether)
• 1971 – Yasmeen Ghauri, Canadian model
• 1971 – Karen McDougal, American model and actress
• 1971 – Gail Porter, Scottish model and television host
• 1971 – Alexander Selivanov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1971 – Hiroyoshi Tenzan, Japanese wrestler
• 1972 – Jonas Björkman, Swedish-Monacan tennis player and coach
• 1972 – Joe Calzaghe, Welsh boxer
• 1972 – Judith Godrèche, French actress and author
• 1973 – Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer
• 1973 – Wim Eyckmans, Belgian race car driver
• 1973 – Jason Kidd, American basketball player and coach
• 1973 – Kevin Northcutt, American wrestler
• 1973 – Patiparn Pataweekarn, Thai actor and singer
• 1974 – Randall Park, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1975 – Burak Gürpınar, Turkish drummer (Kurban)
• 1976 – Jayson Blair, American journalist and author
• 1976 – Chris Hoy, Scottish cyclist and race car driver
• 1976 – Smriti Irani, Indian actress, producer, and politician, Indian Minister of Human Resource Development
• 1976 – Dougie Lampkin, English motorcycle racer
• 1976 – Michelle Monaghan, American actress
• 1976 – Jeremy Newberry, American football player
• 1976 – Joel Peralta, Dominican baseball player
• 1976 – Keri Russell, American actress and dancer
• 1976 – Travis Tomko, American wrestler
• 1976 – Ricardo Zonta, Brazilian race car driver
• 1977 – Miklos Perlus, Canadian actor and screenwriter
• 1978 – Simon Gärdenfors, Swedish illustrator
• 1978 – Perez Hilton, American blogger and author
• 1978 – Walter Samuel, Argentinian footballer
• 1978 – David Tom, American actor and producer
• 1978 – Nicholle Tom, American actress
• 1979 – Mark Buehrle, American baseball player
• 1979 – Ray Gordy, American wrestler
• 1979 – Natalia Hadjiloizou, Belarusian-Cypriot swimmer
• 1979 – Misty Hyman, American swimmer
• 1979 – Donncha O'Callaghan, Irish rugby player
• 1980 – Ryan Day, Welsh snooker player
• 1980 – Russell Howard, English comedian and television host
• 1980 – Itay Tiran, Israeli actor
• 1980 – Ambwene Simukonda, Malawian sprinter
• 1981 – Erin Crocker, American race car driver
• 1981 – Tony Peña, Jr., Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Shelley Rudman, English bobsledder
• 1981 – Giuseppe Sculli, Italian footballer
• 1981 – Aysun Kayacı, Turkish model and actress
• 1982 – José Contreras Arrau, Chilean footballer
• 1982 – Andrea Musacco, Italian footballer
• 1982 – Evgeni Striganov, Estonian ice dancer
• 1983 – Hakan Balta, Turkish footballer
• 1983 – Mo Farah, Somalian-English runner
• 1983 – Sascha Riether, German footballer
• 1983 – Jerome Thomas, English footballer
• 1984 – Ryan Araña, Filipino basketball player
• 1985 – Geoff Eigenmann, Filipino actor
• 1985 – Maurice Jones-Drew, American football player
• 1986 – Patrick Bordeleau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1986 – Andrea Dovizioso, Italian motorcycle racer
• 1986 – Brett Eldredge, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1986 – Steven Strait, American actor and singer
• 1987 – James Foad, English rower
• 1987 – Kangana Ranaut, Indian actress
• 1987 – Vesna Rožič, Slovenian chess player (d. 2013)
• 1987 – Alan Toovey, Australian footballer
• 1988 – Jason Kenny, English cyclist
• 1988 – Michal Neuvirth, Czech ice hockey player
• 1989 – Nikola Gulan, Serbian footballer
• 1989 – Luis Fernando Silva, Mexican footballer
• 1989 – Mike Will Made It, American record producer
• 1990 – Jaime Alguersuari, Spanish race car driver
• 1990 – Princess Eugenie of York
• 1990 – Robert Zickert, German footballer
• 1991 – Gregg Wylde, Scottish footballer
• 1992 – Tolga Ciğerci, German-Turkish footballer
• 1992 – Morgan Evans, Welsh rugby league player
• 1992 – Kyrie Irving, Australian-American basketball player
• 1992 – Vanessa Morgan, Canadian actress and singer
• 1994 – Nick Powell, English footballer
• 1995 – Kevin Kauber, Estonian footballer
• 1995 – Jan Lisiecki, Canadian pianist
• 1995 – Ozan Tufan, Turkish footballer
• 1997 – Aidan Davis, English rapper and dancer

Deaths

• 851 – Zhou Chi, Chinese historian and politician (b. 793)
• 1103 – Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1058)
• 1361 – Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward of England (b. 1310)
• 1369 – Peter of Castile (b. 1334)
• 1548 – Itagaki Nobukata, Japanese samurai (b. 1489)
• 1555 – Pope Julius III (b. 1487)
• 1559 – Gelawdewos, Ethiopian emperor (b. 1521)
• 1596 – Henry Unton, English diplomat (b. 1557)
• 1606 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish philologist and scholar (b. 1547)
• 1618 – James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish police officer and politician (b. 1575)
• 1675 – Anthoni van Noordt, Dutch organist and composer (b. 1619)
• 1680 – Nicolas Fouquet, French politician (b. 1615)
• 1742 – Jean-Baptiste Dubos, French historian and author (b. 1670)
• 1747 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (b. 1675)
• 1748 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German organist and composer (b. 1684)
• 1754 – Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and critic (b. 1693)
• 1783 – Charles Carroll, American lawyer and politician (b. 1723)
• 1801 – Paul I of Russia (b. 1754)
• 1842 – Stendhal, French author (b. 1783)
• 1884 – Henry C. Lord, American businessman (b. 1824)
• 1910 – Nadar, French photographer, journalist, and author (b. 1820)
• 1914 – Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès, Lebanese saint (b. 1832)
• 1923 – Hovhannes Tumanyan Armenian poet and author (b. 1869)
• 1927 – Paul César Helleu, French painter and etcher (b. 1859)
• 1931 – Shivaram Rajguru, Indian activist (b. 1908)
• 1931 – Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (b. 1907)
• 1931 – Sukhdev Thapar, Indian activist (b. 1907)
• 1935 – Florence Moore, American actress (b. 1886)
• 1947 – Archduchess Louise of Austria (b. 1870)
• 1953 – Raoul Dufy, French painter and illustrator (b. 1877)
• 1953 – Oskar Luts, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1887)
• 1955 – Arthur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil (b. 1875)
• 1960 – Franklin Pierce Adams, American journalist and author (b. 1881)
• 1960 – Said Nursî, Turkish theologian and scholar (b. 1878)
• 1960 – Raoul Paoli, French boxer and rower (b. 1887)
• 1961 – Albert Bloch, American painter and educator (b. 1882)
• 1961 – Jack Russell, English cricketer (b. 1887)
• 1964 – Peter Lorre, Slovak-American actor and singer (b. 1904)
• 1965 – Mae Murray, American actress, dancer, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1889)
• 1967 – Lalla Carlsen, Norwegian singer and actress (b. 1889)
• 1968 – Edwin O'Connor, American journalist and author (b. 1918)
• 1970 – Del Lord, Canadian actor and director (b. 1894)
• 1972 – Cristóbal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer, founded Balenciaga (b. 1895)
• 1978 – Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist and academic (b. 1893)
• 1979 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (b. 1911)
• 1980 – Alekos Livaditis, Greek actor (b. 1914)
• 1980 – Arthur Melvin Okun, American economist and academic (b. 1928)
• 1981 – Beatrice Tinsley, English-New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist (b. 1941)
• 1984 – Shauna Grant, American porn actress and model (b. 1963)
• 1985 – Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching, English physicist and engineer (b. 1913)
• 1985 – Peter Charanis, Greek-American scholar and educator (b. 1908)
• 1985 – Ben Hardwick, English liver transplant patient (b. 1981)
• 1987 – Olev Roomet, Estonian singer and violinist (b. 1901)
• 1990 – John Dexter, English director and producer (b. 1925)
• 1991 – Parkash Singh, Indian soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1913)
• 1992 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian-German economist, philosopher, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
• 1992 – Ron Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1949)
• 1994 – Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican economist and politician (b. 1950)
• 1994 – Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (b. 1921)
• 1994 – Donald Swann, Welsh-English singer-songwriter and pianist (Flanders and Swann) (b. 1923)
• 1995 – Alan Barton, English singer (Black Lace and Smokie) (b. 1953)
• 1995 – Davie Cooper, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1956)
• 1998 – Gerald Stano, American serial killer (b. 1951)
• 1999 – Luis María Argaña, Paraguayan judge and politician, Vice President of Paraguay (b. 1932)
• 1999 – Osmond Borradaile, Canadian director and cinematographer (b. 1898)
• 2000 – Jeremy Applegate, American actor (b. 1965)
• 2001 – Rowland Evans, American journalist (b. 1921)
• 2001 – Robert Laxalt, American author (b. 1923)
• 2001 – David McTaggart, Canadian badminton player and environmentalist (b. 1932)
• 2002 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano (b. 1920)
• 2002 – Ben Hollioake, Australian-English cricketer (b. 1977)
• 2003 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-English flute player and journalist (b. 1926)
• 2004 – Rupert Hamer, Australian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (b. 1916)
• 2006 – David B. Bleak, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1932)
• 2006 – Desmond Doss, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1919)
• 2006 – Cindy Walker, American singer-songwriter and dancer (b. 1918)
• 2007 – Paul Cohen, American mathematician and theorist (b. 1934)
• 2007 – Eric Medlen, American race car driver (b. 1973)
• 2008 – Vaino Vahing, Estonian psychiatrist, author, and playwright (b. 1940)
• 2009 – Ghukas Chubaryan, Armenian sculptor (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Raúl Macías, Mexican boxer and trainer (b. 1934)
• 2010 – Kaljo Põllu, Estonian artist (b. 1934)
• 2011 – Jean Bartik, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1924)
• 2011 – Elizabeth Taylor, English-American actress, singer, and producer (b. 1932)
• 2012 – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somalian politician, President of Somalia (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Jim Duffy, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Eric Lowen, American singer-songwriter (Lowen & Navarro) (b. 1952)
• 2012 – Naji Talib, Iraqi politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1917)
• 2012 – Lonnie Wright, American basketball and football player (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Sukhraj Aujla, Indian singer (b. 1968)
• 2013 – Boris Berezovsky, Russian-English mathematician and businessman (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Onofre Corpuz, Filipino economist, historian, and academic (b. 1926)
• 2013 – David Early, American actor (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Virgil Trucks, American baseball player and coach (b. 1917)
• 2013 – Joe Weider, Canadian-American bodybuilder and publisher, co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Dave Brockie, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and bass player (Gwar, Death Piggy, X-Cops, and Dave Brockie Experience) (b. 1963)
• 2014 – Peter Oakley, English blogger (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Jaroslav Šerých, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Adolfo Suárez, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1932)
• 2015 – Gian Vittorio Baldi, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
• 2015 – Lil' Chris, English singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1990)
• 2015 – Herberto Hélder, Portuguese poet and author (b. 1930)
• 2015 – Lee Kuan Yew, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Singapore (b. 1923)
• 2015 – Bobby Lowther, American basketball player and lieutenant (b. 1923)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès (Maronite Church)
  • Turibius of Mongrovejo
  • March 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of Hungarian-Polish Friendship (Hungary and Poland)
• Day of the Sea (Bolivia)
• Earliest day on which Easter Monday can fall, while April 26 is the latest; celebrated on Monday after Easter. (Christianity)
  • Family Day (South Africa)
  • Sham el-Nessim (Egypt)
  • Śmigus-Dyngus (Polish diaspora communities)
• Lieldienas (Ancient Latvia)
• Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Day (Azerbaijan)
• Pakistan Day (Pakistan)
• World Meteorological Day (International)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada