Millard–Gubler syndrome
| Millard–Gubler syndrome | |
|---|---|
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| Classification and external resources | |
| Specialty | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 446: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| ICD-10 | G46.3 |
| ICD-9-CM | 344.89 |
| eMedicine | pmr/189 |
| Patient UK | Millard–Gubler syndrome |
Millard–Gubler syndrome is a lesion of the pons. It is also called ventral pontine syndrome.[1]
Presentation
Symptoms result from the functional loss of several anatomical structures of the pons, including the sixth and seventh cranial nerves and fibers of the corticospinal tract. Paralysis of the abducens (CN VI) leads to diplopia, internal strabismus (i.e., esotropia), and loss of power to rotate the affected eye outward), and disruption of the facial nerves (CN VII) leads to symptoms including flaccid paralysis of the muscles of facial expression and loss of the corneal reflex. Disruption of the corticospinal tract leads to contralateral hemiplegia of the extremities.
It is a form of "crossed hemiplegia," as the paralysis of muscles controlled by the facial nerve occurs on the same side as the lesion, while the hemiplegia of muscles below the neck occurs on the opposite side from the lesion.
Diagnosis
This syndrome is easier to diagnose today thanks to the technical advances in brain imaging (CT, MRI). It can also be identified based on the symptoms described above.
Eponym
Millard–Gubler syndrome is named after two French physicians, Auguste Louis Jules Millard (1830–1915), who first identified the disorder in 1855, and Adolphe-Marie Gubler (1821–1879), who described the disease in a medical paper one year later.
