Multisystem developmental disorder

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Multisystem developmental disorder (MSDD) is a term used by Stanley Greenspan to describe children under age 3 who exhibit signs of impaired communication as in autism, but with strong emotional attachments atypical of autism.[citation needed] It is described in the DC:0-3R manual as an optional diagnosis for children under two years of age.[1][2]

Other uses of the term

The term multisystem developmental disorder has also been used to describe various developmental disorders. These include:

  • Alagille syndrome,[3] an autosomal dominant disorder with a wide range of features and manifestations. Its five most significant features are chronic cholestasis, a condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum, occurring in 95% of cases; heart abnormalities (over 90%); butterfly vertebrae; posterior embryotoxon and a distinctive face (prominent forehead, deep-set eyes, and a pointed chin).[4]
  • Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome,[5] a mental retardation syndrome characterized by broad thumbs, facial abnormalities, and big toes alongside mental retardation.[6]
  • Williams syndrome,[7][8] a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a unique profile of strengths and deficits; most with the condition have mild mental retardation but have grammatical and lexical abilities above what would be expected from their IQs.[9] They are hypersocial and empathetic, but social isolation is commonly experienced.[10]
  • Proteus syndrome,[11] a congenital disorder causing disproportionate growth of skin, bone, and other tissues.[12]
  • Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia,[13] a autosomal recessive skeletal disorder with an estimated prevalence of between 1 in 100,000 and 1 in 130,000 live births.[14]

Symptoms

  • Toe walking[15]
  • Pragmatic speech problems[15]
  • Clumsiness[15]
  • Obsessions and rituals[15]
  • Sensory issues[15]
  • Disinterest in social interaction[15]
  • Autistic characteristics[15]

References

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Further reading