Northern Velebit National Park

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Northern Velebit National Park
Karstformationen Nationalpark-Nord-Velebit.JPG
Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 411: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Location of Northern Velebit National Park in Croatia
Location Lika-Senj County, Croatia
Area 109 km2 (42 sq mi)
Established 1999
Visitors 15,100 (in 2010)[1]
Website http://www.np-sjeverni-velebit.hr/

The Northern Velebit National Park (Croatian: Nacionalni park Sjeverni Velebit) is a national park in Croatia that covers 109 km2 of the northern section of the Velebit mountain, the largest mountain in Croatia. Because of the abundant variety of this part of the Velebit range and its authenticity, the area was upgraded from its classification as a nature reserve to a national park[2] in 1999, and started work in September the same year.

The whole of the Velebit mountain is a nature park, a lesser category of nature conservation. Another national park on Velebit is the Paklenica on its southern side.

The park

The park reserve is protected and visitors cannot pass through except on designated trails. Inside the reserve there are the Visibaba (Galanthus) botanical reserve, with an abundance of the endemic Croatian subspecies of Sibiraea altaiensis, and the Zavižan-Balinovac-Velika kosa botanical reserve, famous for its outstanding collection of species of mountain flora. Inside the reserve there is the well known Velebit Botany Garden, founded by pharmacology professor and botanist Fran Kušan in 1967.[3]

The Park is criss-crossed with numerous mountaineering trails. The best known is the Premužić's Trail, named after its constructor, the forester Ante Premužić who built it in late 1933. The path runs through the most beautiful and most interesting parts of the park. From the numerous peaks in the surroundings there are magnificent views of the Adriatic Sea and its islands (Pag, Rab, Goli otok, Prvić and Krk) as well as of the continental side.

The Park's cultural value is apparent in the form of numerous ruins of so-called "summer lodges". These bear witness to ages past and long forgotten when Velebit was populated by numerous shepherds and cattle farmers. On its coastal banks there are many ruined houses, lodges and stonewalls which are all the evidence that remain of a local population that long since scattered all around the globe, leaving nothing but traces of their presence on this remarkably beautiful and exquisite land.

The peak Zavižan (1676 m) is located within the park. It is the site of the meteorological station with the highest altitude in Croatia.

Special reservations

The special reservations in the park are two locales called Hajdučki kukovi and Rožanski kukovi. Their names come from a folk name given to large stone masses which rise up over the surroundings of the Velebit mountains. They are situated in the center of the park, but are not a regular part of it, access to them is restricted. Only scientific researchers and educational visits are allowed in the protected area.

Hajdučki kukovi

Hajdučki kukovi, is part of the Kukovi group of peaks in the north part of the Velebit, in Croatia. Together with Rožanski kukovi it forms an area of around 22 km2 declared as a nature reserve in 1969. It is separated from Rožanski kukovi by the Skrbina Draga and Veliki Lubenovac field.

The kukovi group has around 40 "hips" that easily exceed 1600 m. The area around Hajdučki kukovi has a complex underground drainage system. The terrain is much wilder than around Rožanski kukovi, and there are parts where even today no human foot has ever trod.[4] Lukina jama, the deepest mountain cave in Croatia and one of the deepest in southeast Europe with a depth of 1392 m, discovered in 1992 in the Hajdučki kukovi landscape by a local caving enthusiast named Ozren Lukić who joined a mountain division during the war (1991–1995) as a volunteer and was killed by a sniper in 1992.[2] Lukina jama was named after him.

Rožanski kukovi

The first "kuk", Gromovača (1675 m), lies two and a half hour walk from the hostel in Zavižan. The centre of the rocks begin immediately behind Rossijeva koliba (a mountain hut), which is also 2.5 hours walk from the hostel.[4] The most interesting part of this rocky region is on the path from Rossilijeva koliba to Crikvena (1641 m), half an hour's walk from the hut.

In an area of about 18 km2 there are more than fifty stony peaks, all over 1600 m, some with bizarre shapes of towers, spires or obelisks. Here all the phenomena of karst rock meet - chasms, dizzying heights, crevices, caves, natural gateways and passes.

The most well-known and the most popular sights are Novotnijev kuk, Rossilijev kuk and Premužićev kuk.

Climate

Climate data for Northern Velebit National Park (Zavižan)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.5
(54.5)
13.8
(56.8)
16.5
(61.7)
19.4
(66.9)
23.1
(73.6)
24.4
(75.9)
27.6
(81.7)
28.2
(82.8)
27.2
(81)
20.6
(69.1)
19.2
(66.6)
14.6
(58.3)
28.2
(82.8)
Average high °C (°F) −0.7
(30.7)
−0.9
(30.4)
1.4
(34.5)
4.4
(39.9)
10.1
(50.2)
13.6
(56.5)
16.6
(61.9)
16.9
(62.4)
12.6
(54.7)
8.4
(47.1)
3.2
(37.8)
0.5
(32.9)
7.2
(45)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.5
(25.7)
−4.0
(24.8)
−1.7
(28.9)
1.2
(34.2)
6.5
(43.7)
9.9
(49.8)
12.5
(54.5)
12.4
(54.3)
8.9
(48)
5.0
(41)
0.2
(32.4)
−2.4
(27.7)
3.8
(38.8)
Average low °C (°F) −6.1
(21)
−6.5
(20.3)
−4.3
(24.3)
−1.2
(29.8)
3.8
(38.8)
7.0
(44.6)
9.4
(48.9)
9.5
(49.1)
6.2
(43.2)
2.4
(36.3)
−2.3
(27.9)
−5.0
(23)
1.1
(34)
Record low °C (°F) −24.5
(−12.1)
−28.6
(−19.5)
−22.6
(−8.7)
−14.5
(5.9)
−9.8
(14.4)
−3.1
(26.4)
0.2
(32.4)
−2.0
(28.4)
−3.8
(25.2)
−11.5
(11.3)
−16.8
(1.8)
−24.2
(−11.6)
−28.6
(−19.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 144.7
(5.697)
147.2
(5.795)
147.0
(5.787)
179.3
(7.059)
154.7
(6.091)
156.4
(6.157)
86.5
(3.406)
121.8
(4.795)
180.4
(7.102)
215.9
(8.5)
245.6
(9.669)
204.0
(8.031)
1,983.4
(78.087)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 14.7 14.1 14.4 16.1 13.6 13.6 9.6 9.4 11.7 13.7 15.0 15.4 161.3
Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm) 29.1 27.2 29.8 27.9 9.9 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 4.7 16.1 27.6 173.9
Average relative humidity (%) 80.6 79.8 80.4 81.1 78.6 77.1 72.6 73.5 77.9 80.8 82.6 81.4 78.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 99.2 115.8 145.7 156.0 217.0 237.0 297.6 282.1 204.0 142.6 96.0 89.9 2,082.9
Percent possible sunshine 35 40 40 41 51 55 67 68 55 42 34 34 49
Source: Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service[5][6]

See also

References

  1. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Rudolf Abraham, Walking in Croatia, pg. 130, Cicerone Press (2004), ISBN 1-85284-406-X
  3. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Radovan Radovinović, The Croatian Adriatic Tourist Guide, pg. 143, Naklada Naprijed - Zagreb (1999), ISBN 953-178-097-8
  5. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.