National conservatism
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National conservatism is a variant of conservatism that concentrates more on national interests and upholding cultural and ethnic identity than most other conservatives.[1] In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics.[2][3]
National conservative parties are "socially traditional"[2] and support the traditional family and social stability.[4] According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion."[4] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favour of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.[2]
National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy: their views may range from support of a planned economy to a centrist mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach.[1] In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from fiscal conservatives,[5] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[5]
National conservatism is also related to traditionalist conservatism.[citation needed]
Most conservative parties in postcommunist Central and Southeastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.[6]
Contents
National conservative political parties
Current national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.
Åland — Future of Åland
Albania — Democratic Party of Albania,[6] Republican Party of Albania,[7] Albanian Alternative
Armenia — Republican Party of Armenia
Bolivia — Nationalist Democratic Action
Azerbaijan — Motherland Party, Civic Solidarity Party
Bosnia and Herzegovina — Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union BiH, Party of Democratic Progress[6]
Bulgaria — IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement,[8] Union of Democratic Forces, Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, Democratic Party[6]
Croatia — Croatian Democratic Union,[6] Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starčević, Croatian Party of Rights
Cyprus — Solidarity Movement[9]
Czech Republic — Civic Democratic Party,[10][11] Coalition for Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, Dawn - National Coalition, National Democracy, Order of Nation
Denmark — Danish People's Party,[12] Danish Unity
Estonia — Pro Patria and Res Publica Union,[6] Conservative People's Party of Estonia,[13] Estonian Free Party
Finland — Finns Party[14]
France — Movement for France,[15] National Front[16]
Germany — Alternative für Deutschland,[17] Christian Social Union in Bavaria (partially)
Greece — Independent Greeks,[18] Democratic Revival
Hungary — Fidesz[6][19]
Israel — Yisrael Beiteinu
Italy — Brothers of Italy,[20] The Right
Latvia — National Alliance[21]
Liechtenstein — Progressive Citizens' Party
Lithuania — Homeland Union,[6] Order and Justice[22]
Luxembourg — Alternative Democratic Reform Party[23]
Macedonia — Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity,[6] United for Macedonia
Nepal — Rastriya Prajatantra Party
Philippines — Nacionalista Party
Poland — Law and Justice,[6][24] Solidary Poland
Portugal — CDS – People's Party[25]
Russia — United Russia
Serbia — Serbian Progressive Party,[26] Democratic Party of Serbia,[6][26] Democratic Serb Party, New Serb Democracy
Slovakia - Slovak National Party
Slovenia — Slovenian Democratic Party,[6]
Sweden — Sweden Democrats[27]
Switzerland — Swiss People's Party, Federal Democratic Union,[28] Swiss Democrats, Geneva Citizens' Movement, Ticino League
Taiwan – Kuomintang
Turkey — Homeland Party
Ukraine — Ukrainian Republican Party
United Kingdom — Democratic Unionist Party,[29] Traditional Unionist Voice,[30] UK Independence Party
Former national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions
- Italy — National Alliance[31]
- Czech Republic — National Party, National Unity
Romania — Conservative Party[6]
San Marino — Sammarinese People- Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
See also
References
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mandal 2007, p. 306.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, April 4, 2006
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 National Questions, National Review, Vol. 49, Issue 12, June 30, 1997, pp. 16-17
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ http://www.lefigaro.fr/vox/politique/2015/04/13/31001-20150413ARTFIG00155-jean-yves-camus-marion-le-pen-incarne-la-ligne-nationale-conservatrice-du-fn.php
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