Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect

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Not to be confused with Orsmaal-Gussenhoven Dutch or an Orsmaal-Gussenhoven accent, the accent/regional variety of Standard Dutch spoken in Orsmaal-Gussenhoven.
Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect
Native to Belgium
Region Linter
Language codes
ISO 639-3 –
Glottolog None

The Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect is a subdialect of Brabantian spoken in Orsmaal-Gussenhoven, a village in the Linter municipality.[1]

Phonology

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Main article: Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect phonology

Consonants

Consonant phonemes[2]
Labial Alveolar Postalveolar Dorsal Glottal
hard soft hard soft
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop voiceless p t tʲ k kʲ
voiced b d
Fricative voiceless f s ʃ x h
voiced v z ʒ ɣ
Approximant β l j
Rhotic r
  • /h/ is restricted to morpheme-initial position. It may be dropped by some speakers, either sometimes or always.[3]
  • /r/ has a few possible realizations:
    • Apical trill [r] or an apical fricative [ɹ̝] before a stressed vowel in word-initial syllables.[3]
    • Intervocalically and in the onset after a consonant, it may be a tap [ɾ].[3]
    • Word-final /r/ is highly variable; the most frequent variants are an apical trill fricative [r̝], an apical fricative [ɹ̝] and an apical rhotic affricate [ɾ͡ɹ̝]. The last two variants tend to be voiceless ([ɹ̝̊, ɾ̥͡θ̠]) in pre-pausal position.[3]
    • The sequence /ər/ can be realized as [ɐ], as in many varieties of German. Alternatively, /r/ can be dropped: [ə].[4]
  • /β, j/ appear only word-initially and intervocalically.[3]

Vowels

Monophthongs of the Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect, from Peters (2010:241)
Non-centering diphthongs of the Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect, from Peters (2010:241)
Centering diphthongs of the Orsmaal-Gussenhoven dialect, from Peters (2010:241). /ɔə/ is not shown.
Monophthong phonemes[5]
Front Central Back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
short long short long short long short long
Close iː (y) yː uː
Near-close ɪ ʏ ʊ
Close-mid eː øː (o) oː
Open-mid ɛ ɛː œ œː ə ɔ
Open a aː ɒ ɒː
  • Short /y, o/ occur only in a few loanwords from French.[6]
  • Among the open-mid vowels, only /ɛː, œː/ are open-mid [ɛː, œː], whereas /ɛ, œ, ə, ɔ/ are actually mid [ɛ̝, œ̝, ə, ɔ̝].[5]
    • /ə/ occurs only in unstressed syllables.[7]
  • When stressed, short vowels cannot occur in open syllables. Exceptions to this rule are high-frequency words like [βa] 'what', and loanwords from French, such as [dəˈpo] 'depot'.[6]
Diphthong phonemes[8]
Starting point Ending point
Front Central Back
Close uɪ iə
Close-mid ei øy eə
Mid əʊ
Open-mid ɛɪ œʏ ɛə ɔə ɞʊ
Open aɪ aʊ
  • /iə, eə, ɛə/ occur syllable-finally and before labial and alveolar consonants, where they contrast with /iː, eː, ɛː/.[6]
  • /ɔə/ appears only before tautosyllabic /t, d/.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Peters (2010), p. 239.
  2. ↑ Peters (2010), pp. 239–240.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Peters (2010), p. 240.
  4. ↑ Peters (2010), p. 245.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Peters (2010), p. 241.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Peters (2010), p. 242.
  7. ↑ Peters (2010), pp. 240–241.
  8. ↑ Source for /ɔə/: Peters (2010), p. 242. Source for the rest: Peters (2010), p. 241.

Bibliography

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