Pavlodar
| Pavlodar Павлодар |
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Mashkhur Jusup Central Mosque in Pavlodar
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 Pavlodar
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| Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |||
| Country | Kazakhstan | ||
| Region | Pavlodar Region | ||
| Established | 1720 | ||
| Incorporated | 1861 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Akim (mayor) | Bulat Bakauov | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 400 km2 (200 sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 100 km2 (40 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 123 m (404 ft) | ||
| Population (2014) | |||
| • City | 353 930[1] | ||
| • Density | 798.5/km2 (2,068/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | UTC+6 (UTC+6) | ||
| Postal code | 140000 - 140017 | ||
| Area code(s) | +7 7182 | ||
| Website | http://www.pavlodar.gov.kz | ||
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Pavlodar (Kazakh and Russian: Павлодар, Pavlodar) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Region. It is located 450 km northeast of the national capital Astana, and 405 km southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. As of 2010[update], the city has a population of 331,710.[2] The population of Pavlodar is composed predominantly of ethnic Russians and Kazakhs with significant Ukrainian, German and Tatar minorities. The city is served by Pavlodar Airport.
Contents
History
One of the oldest cities in northern Kazakhstan, Pavlodar was founded in 1720 as Koryakovsky, an Imperial Russian outpost. The settlement was created to establish control over the region's salt lakes, an important source of valuable salt. In 1861 the settlement was renamed Pavlodar and incorporated as a town. Pavlodar's significance was due in large measure to the substantial agricultural and salt-producing industries that had developed there despite the town's relatively small population. Pavlodar's population numbered only about 8,000 in 1897. The name Pavlodar signifies The Gift of Paul, and was chosen to commemorate the birth of the Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia.[3]
After 1955, the Soviet Government's Virgin Lands Campaign provided the impetus for the rapid growth and development of modern Pavlodar. As part of the program, large numbers of young men and women from throughout the Soviet Union settled in the city, rapid industrial and commercial expansion followed. From the mid-1960s on, Pavlodar grew to become a major industrial centre of both the Kazakh SSR and of the Soviet Union; the largest local industries are the manufacture of farm machinery, aluminum, and industrial chemicals; an oil refinery was completed in 1978. Because of a major arms and armour manufacturing facility located in the city, Pavlodar was closed to foreigners until 1992.
Geography
Climate
Pavlodar has a temperate continental climate with long, cold winters and hot summers. The average temperature in January is −15.8 °C (4 °F) with absolute observed lows reaching −45 °C (−49 °F) to −47 °C (−53 °F). In July the temperature averages 21.5 °C (71 °F). Yearly precipitation amounts to 303 mm (12 in).
| Climate data for Pavlodar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) |
4.0 (39.2) |
24.6 (76.3) |
33.0 (91.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.8 (105.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
40.6 (105.1) |
36.1 (97) |
29.2 (84.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
7.2 (45) |
42 (107.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −10.8 (12.6) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
21.1 (70) |
26.6 (79.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−8 (18) |
9.39 (48.95) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −15.8 (3.6) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.0 (66.2) |
12.2 (54) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−12.8 (9) |
3.31 (37.97) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −20.6 (−5.1) |
−20 (−4) |
−12 (10) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.8 (55) |
15.3 (59.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−10.0 (14) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−2.27 (27.88) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45 (−49) |
−42.8 (−45) |
−37.2 (−35) |
−27.2 (−17) |
−6.1 (21) |
−2.2 (28) |
4.2 (39.6) |
0.0 (32) |
−9 (16) |
−21.5 (−6.7) |
−40 (−40) |
−43.9 (−47) |
−45 (−49) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20 (0.79) |
16 (0.63) |
13 (0.51) |
18 (0.71) |
28 (1.1) |
31 (1.22) |
55 (2.17) |
32 (1.26) |
21 (0.83) |
25 (0.98) |
23 (0.91) |
21 (0.83) |
303 (11.93) |
| Average rainy days | 0.7 | 0.5 | 3 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 89.2 |
| Average snowy days | 18 | 15 | 11 | 3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 | 12 | 18 | 80.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 79 | 80 | 62 | 54 | 55 | 60 | 61 | 63 | 71 | 80 | 80 | 68.7 |
| Source: pogoda.ru.net[4] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
The city's population is 331,119 (as of January 1, 2012), and the extended urbanized area has 342,321 inhabitants.[5]
Ethnic groups are as follows (as of January 1, 2010):[6][7]
- Russians — 151 709 (45.74%)
- Kazakhs — 128 102 (38.62%)
- Ukrainians — 22 184 (6.69%)
- Germans — 9 058 (2.73%)
- Tatars — 7 752 (2.34%)
- Belarusians — 2 852 (0.86%)
- Ingushetians — 1 279 (0.39%)
- Moldovans — 954 (0.29%)
- Azeris — 802 (0.24%)
- Chechens — 800 (0.24%)
- Koreans — 594 (0.18%)
- Polish — 574 (0.17%)
- Bulgarians — 475 (0.15%)
- Chuvash — 425 (0.14%)
- Bashkirs — 415 (0.13%)
- Others — 5 470 (1.65%)
- Total — 331 710 (100.00%)
Economy
In 2012 Polish rolling stock manufacturer Pesa Bydgoszcz announced its intentions to build a tram assembly plant in Pavlodar, in conjunction with the city's plans to buy up to 100 new trams from the manufacturer to shore up its aging public transport infrastructure.[8]
Sports
FC Irtysh is a Kazakh football club based at the Tsentralny Stadium in Pavlodar. Another notable club formerly based in Pavlodar, FC Energetik, has since relocated to Ekibastuz.
The Chess Federation of Pavlodar organizes frequent city-wide competitions such as «Pavlodar Open 2007» and «The Pavlodar Regional Cup», a fast chess competition.[9] Several FIDE masters, and grandmasters including Rinat Zhumabayev, Pavel Kotsur, Yuri Nikitin Vladimir Grebenshikov, and Yelena Ankudinova, participate regularly in the events.
Infrastructure
Public transportation
Pavlodar has an 86 km streetcar (tram) network, which began service in 1965 with, as of 2012, 20 regular and 3 special routes. The network has a 60% share of the local public transport market. However its fleet of 115 trams are due to be replaced. In 2012 the city announced plans to purchase 100 new trams in conjunction with the construction of a new tram factory by Polish manufacturer PESA SA. In addition, Pavlodar has bus and minibus (marshrutka) service.[8][10]
Education
Several universities are located in Pavlodar, among them:
- Pavlodar State University (named after S. Toraigyrov)
- Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute
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Sister cities
Gallery
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Pavlodar Theatre Ayimautov.JPG
Ayimautov Theatre (Rus. Казахский драматический театр имени Аймаутова)
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KazTransOil Pavlodar headquater building.jpg
KazMunayGaz (Kaz. ҚазМұнайГаз-дың ғимараты)
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Pavlodar Friendship House.JPG
House of Friendship (Rus. Дом дружбы, Kaz. Достық үйі)
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Pavlodar train station. Main hall building.JPG
Train station (Rus. Вокзал, Kaz. Павлодар темір жол вокзалы)
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Pavlodar Tsentralny stadium 2009 May 20 001.JPG
Central stadium (Kaz. Орталық стадион)
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Pavlodar city old mosque, May 20, 2009.JPG
Old city mosque (Kaz. Жөнделген Павлодардың ескі мешіті)
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Irtysh river view. Pavlodar, June 1, 2009.JPG
Irtysh river view
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Central mosque
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Белая мечеть, Павлодар, Казахстан.JPG
White mosque
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Blagoveschensky cathedral
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Catholic church of Saint Thereza
References
- ↑ Город Павлодар Департамент статистики Павлодарской области
- ↑ Pavlodar Statistics
- ↑ Pavlodar Kazakhstan
- ↑ —Погода и Климат. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
- ↑ http://www.stat.kz/publishing/pages/demografia_2012.aspx
- ↑ Департамент статистики Павлодарской области (Oblast statistical agency)
- ↑ Агентство Республики Казахстан по статистике. Численность населения Республики Казахстан по областям, городам и районам, полу и отдельным возрастным группам, отдельным этносам на начало 2010 года (Kazakh Statistical Agency
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Pesa to establish tram assembly plant in Kazakhstan", Railway Gazette, 4 May 2012
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Павлодарский трамвай (Pavlodar Tramway)
External links
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Capital: Pavlodar
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| Districts |
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| Major cities | ||
| Capital |
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| Other cities | ||
