Platypnea

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Platypnea is shortness of breath (breathlessness) that is relieved when lying down, and worsens when sitting or standing up. It is the opposite of orthopnea.[1] The condition was first described in 1949 and named in 1969.[2] The word is derived from the Greek platus (= flat) and pnoia (=breath).

A related condition, orthodeoxia, describes the clinical finding of low oxygen saturation in the upright position, which improves when lying down.[3]

Platypnea and orthodeoxia often co-exist, and this combination is named platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome.[4][5] The syndrome is considered extremely rare.[4]

Causes

Platypnea is due to either hepatopulmonary syndrome or an anatomical cardiovascular defect increasing positional right-to-left shunting (bloodflow from the right to the left part of the circulatory system). These defects include rare syndromes in which the venous blood from the liver does not pass through the lungs, or if venous blood from the portal circulation reaches the inferior vena cava without passing through the liver (Abernethy malformation, type 1).[citation needed]

See also

References

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