Portal:Military of Australia

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The RAN Ensign
The flag of Australia
The RAAF Ensign

The Military of Australia, officially known as the Australian Defence Force (ADF) since 1976, consists of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), the Australian Army and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). The Australian Department of Defence administers the Australian Defence Organisation (ADO) which consists of the ADF and the civilian personnel supporting the ADF. Approximately 53,000 men and women serve in the ADF with another 21,600 serving in the three reserve components.

The ADF is constituted under the Executive Government sections of the Australian Constitution, Section 68, that says, "The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the Governor-General as the Queen's representative." In practice, the control of the ADF is, politically, vested in the Minister for Defence and several subordinate ministers. The Minister acts on most matters alone, however, important matters are considered by the National Security Committee of Cabinet. The Minister then advises the Governor-General who acts as advised in the normal form of executive government. The current Chief of the Australian Defence Force is General David Hurley.

The Military history of Australia covers a period of around 200 years starting with the colonisation of Australia by the British in 1788. Australians have fought in nearly every major war of the 20th Century including the Second Boer War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War as well as numerous UN peace-keeping missions.

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Australian 53rd Bn Fromelles 19 July 1916.jpg

The Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles of World War I, with more than one million casualties. The British and French forces attempted to break through the German lines along a 25 mile (40 km) front north and south of the River Somme in northern France. One purpose of the battle was to draw German forces away from the battle of Verdun; however, by its end the losses on the Somme had exceeded those at Verdun. The battle is best remembered for its first day, July 1, 1916, on which the British suffered 57,470 casualties, making it the bloodiest day in the history of the British Army. As horrific as the battle of the Somme is in British memory, it also had a staggering impact on the German army; one officer famously describing it as "the muddy grave of the German field army." By the end of the battle the British had learnt many lessons in modern warfare while the Germans had suffered irreparable losses. Four Divisions of the Australian Imperial Force saw action during the Somme; the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th, in total they suffered around 23,000 casualties.

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Beaufighter (AWM OG0001).jpg

Photo credit: Australian War Memorial collection database
A No. 30 Squadron Beaufighter flying through the Owen Stanley Range in 1942

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"For dash and gallantry the bloodthirsty Scots, Australians and Canadians led the way, with the impetuous Irish close behind. The Australian to my mind were the most aggressive, and managed to keep their form in spite of their questionable discipline. Out of the line they were undoubtedly difficult to handle, but once in it they loved a fight. They were a curious mixture of toughness and sentimentality..."

— Lieutenant-General Adrian Carton de Wiart

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AV2767 Crusader in 1945

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  • 8 November, 2010 - The Spitfire flown by and remains of Flight Lieutenant Henry Lacy Smith have been found in Normandy. He was killed after being shot down five days after D-Day during World War II.Read more...
  • 16 March, 2010 - The remains of Special Air Service Patrolman Lieutenant Kenneth Hudson and Private Robert Moncrieff have been found after being missing in action since 1966 during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.Read more...
  • 18 February, 2010 - AN Australian Defence Force inquiry has backed navy seamen who saved their colleagues before asylum seekers when a boat exploded near Ashmore Reef last year. Read more...
  • 13 February, 2010 - Japan, Australia To Sign Military Logistics Pact-Nikkei. Read more...
  • 30 July, 2009 - The remains of Flying Officer Michael Herbert and Pilot Officer Robert Carver, missing in action (MIA) in Vietnam have been found. They were the last Australian MIA in Vietnam. Read more...
  • 16 January, 2009 - Trooper Mark Donaldson is awarded the Victoria Cross for Australia following his actions in Afghanistan on 2 September 2008. Read more...

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AWM SUK12082 Clive Caldwell.jpg

Clive Robertson Caldwell DSO, DFC & Bar (28 July 1910 – 5 August 1994) was the leading Australian fighter ace of World War II. Caldwell was born in Lewisham, Sydney and joined the Royal Australian Air Force at the outbreak of war. Caldwell is officially credited with at least 26 aircraft claimed shot down, 4 shared destroyed, 11 probables and 25 damaged in over 300 operational sorties. His nickname was Killer because of his habit of shooting up any enemy vehicles spotted when returning from a sortie. In 1945, he led the "Morotai Mutiny", in which several senior flyers resigned in protest following the relegation of RAAF fighter squadrons to dangerous and strategically worthless ground attack missions. Caldwell retired in 1946.

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The AE2

The Australian submarine AE2 was an E-class submarine which served in the Royal Australian Navy during World War I.

AE2 was commissioned in Britain in February 1914 and arrived in Australia later that year. AE2 supported the Australian occupation of Rabaul in September 1914 and departed Australia for the Mediterranean in December 1914. On 25 April 1915 the AE2 became the first Allied submarine to pass through the Dardanelles Strait to attack Turkish shipping in the Sea of Marmora. After five days of being attacked and unable to find any large troop transports to attack she was damaged 29 April in an attack by the Turkish torpedo boat Sultan Hisar in Artaki Bay and was scuttled by her crew. Template:/box-footer

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The 25 pounder Short Mark I, or Baby 25 pr, was an Australian pack gun version of the British Ordnance QF 25 pounder and was first produced in 1943. This gun was a shortened version of the standard 25 Pounder and was intended for jungle warfare and was used in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, during World War II. The gun could be towed by a light vehicle or broken down into 13 sections.

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Flag of Australia.svg

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Army • History
Armoured Units, Army Aviation, First Australian Imperial Force, Second Australian Imperial Force, Brigades, Cadets, College, Enlisted Ranks, Memorial, Officer Ranks, RAR, Regiments, Senior Officers, Regional Surveillance Units, Structure, VC Recipients, Weapons

RAAF • History
Aircraft, Airfield Defence Guards, Bases, Chief of Air Force, Flights, First Tactical Air Force, Ranks, Roulettes, Squadrons, Structure

RAN • History
Admiral of the Fleet, Bases, Cadets, Clearance Divers, Current Ships, Fleet Air Arm, Future, Historic ships, HMAS, Memorial, Patrol Boat Group, Persian Gulf Operations, RANVR, Reserve, Ship classes, Silent Service, WRANS

Special Forces
1st Commando Regiment, 171st Squadron, 200 Squadron, 4 RAR, Coastwatchers, Incident Response Regiment, SASR, SOCOMD, Tactical Assault Group, WWII Companies, Z Special Unit

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Featured articles: Admiralty Islands campaignAdrian Cole (RAAF officer)AHS CentaurAlan McNicollAlexander PentlandAlister MurdochArthur Henry CobbyAttack on Sydney HarbourAustralian contribution to the Battle of NormandyAustralian Defence ForceAxis naval activity in Australian watersBattle of AraweBattle of Arras (1917)Battle of BardiaBattle of the Bismarck SeaBattle of Cape EsperanceBattle of GreeceBattle of Milne BayBattle of KaiapitBattle of MorotaiBattle of Rennell IslandBattle of Savo IslandBattle of SioBattle of TassafarongaBattle of Tulagi and Gavutu-TanambogoBattle of the Eastern SolomonsBlack Friday (1945)Blair Anderson WarkBrian EatonBruce KingsburyCedric HowellCharles Eaton (RAAF officer)Colin HannahConvoy GP55David Evans (RAAF officer)Edgar TownerEdmund HerringEllis WackettFrank BerrymanFrank BladinFrank Hubert McNamaraFrederick SchergerGeorge Jones (RAAF officer)Guadalcanal CampaignHarry ChauvelHarry MurrayHector WallerHenry Wells (general)Henry WrigleyHMAS Melbourne (R21)Ian Dougald McLachlanInvasion of Tulagi (May 1942)Issy SmithIven MackayJames NewlandJames Rowland (RAAF officer)James Whiteside McCayJerry PentlandJoe Hewitt (RAAF officer)John BalmerJohn Francis JacksonJohn LerewJohn Lloyd WaddyJohn McCauleyJohn Treloar (museum administrator)John WhittleLanding at NadzabLester BrainList of Australian George Cross recipientsList of Australian Victoria Cross recipientsLockheed C-130 Hercules in Australian serviceMcDonnell Douglas A-4G SkyhawkMcDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet in Australian serviceMcDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II in Australian serviceMichael WoodruffMilitary history of Australia during World War IIMorotai MutinyNaval Battle of GuadalcanalNeil Hamilton FairleyNicky BarrNo. 1 Wing RAAFNo. 79 Squadron RAAFOperation KitaOswald WattOtto BecherPeter Jeffrey (RAAF officer)Raymond BrownellReg SaundersRichard Williams (RAAF officer)Roderic DallasRoy DowlingSingapore strategyShrine of RemembranceStanley GobleStanley SavigeThomas Baker (aviator)Thomas BlameyTom DerrickValston HancockVictoria Cross for AustraliaWalter PeelerWilliam BostockWilliam BrillWilliam Ellis Newton

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A Class: 2/18th Battalion (Australia)Admiralty Islands campaignAir Combat Group RAAFAlan CharlesworthAllan WaltersAustralian Army during World War IIAustralian light destroyer projectBattle of Bita PakaBattle of KaiapitBattle of KapyongBattle of Slater's KnollBattle of WauBoeing C-17 Globemaster III in Australian serviceCentral Flying School RAAFClare StevensonClarence Smith JeffriesEric Harrison (RAAF officer)First Battle of Maryang SanFrank BerrymanFrank BladinFrank LukisGeorge Alan VaseyGeorge Julian HowellGeorge IngramGeorge MackinoltyBattle of Goodenough IslandHenry Burrell (RAN officer)Henry PetreHenry WrigleyHippolyte De La RueHorace RobertsonJohn NorthcottJoseph MaxwellLanding at SaidorLeslie MorsheadLewis McGeeNo. 1 Wing RAAFNo. 78 Wing RAAFNo. 81 Wing RAAFNo. 82 Wing RAAFNo. 84 Wing RAAFNo. 86 Wing RAAFOperation BrevityOperation CoburgOperation CrimpOrdnance QF 25-pounder ShortPercy Herbert CherryPercy StattonRoy BurstonRupert DownesSamuel BurstonSouth West Pacific Area (command)Sydney RowellTeddy SheeanTet OffensiveVernon SturdeeWilfred ArthurWilliam Anderson (RAAF officer)William HelyWilliam McAloney

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2nd Division (Australia)2nd Division (New Zealand)4th Division (Australia)8th Division (Australia)Court martial of Breaker MorantHistory of the Royal Australian NavyMilitary history of New ZealandMilitary history of New Zealand in World War IMilitary history of New Zealand during World War IINew Zealand ArmyNew Zealand in the Vietnam WarRoyal New Zealand Infantry RegimentSlouch hatUniforms of the New Zealand Army
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Auckland RegimentCanterbury Regiment (currently a redirect) • Otago Regiment (currently a redirect) • Wellington RegimentBattle of Lababia Ridge1st Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery2nd Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery4th Medium Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery6th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery12th Heavy Anti-aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand ArtilleryQueensland Imperial BushmenQueensland Citizen BushmenSouth Australian Imperial BushmenSouth Australian Citizen BushmenSouth Australian Mounted RiflesTasmanian Citizen BushmenTasmanian Mounted InfantryTasmanian Imperial Bushmen (currently redirect) • Victorian Citizen BushmenVictorian Imperial BushmenWestern Australian Mounted Infantry (currently redirect) • Western Australian Citizen BushmenNew South Wales Mounted InfantryNew South Wales Mounted RiflesNew South Wales Citizen Bushmen22nd Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery, 2nd/4th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment3rd/6th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry RegimentII ANZAC (XXII Corps) Mounted RegimentNo. 83 (Army Cooperation) WingNo. 16 Army Light Aircraft SquadronNo. 52 Squadron RNZAFNo. 51 Squadron RNZAFNo. 43 Squadron RNZAFNo. 12 Squadron RNZAFNo. 11 Squadron RNZAFNo. 10 Squadron RNZAFTerritorial Force (New Zealand)CAC/North American Avon Sabre in Australian serviceGAF/Dassault Mirage III in Australian serviceBoeing CH-47 Chinook in Australian serviceLewis Ernest Stephen BarkerHarry Charles BundockFrederick Alexander BurrowsGrant CavenaghFrederick Hay ChristisonJohn August ClareboroughJack Kerr CoffeyBertrand CombesCombined Arms Training Centre (Australia)John CravenRalph DalyCharles Stewart DaviesHarold Charles de LowFrancis Plumly DerhamHarold Clive DisherWilliam Huggett DouglasHerbert Frederick Henry DurantLeslie Glanville Howard DykeHenry Herrick EdwardsCyril Maurice Lloyd ElliottAlbert Cecil FewtrellFrederick Percy Herbert FewtrellAlexander Moore ForbesStephen Gilbert FriendVivian Harrold GatliffArthur Harry Langman GodfreyPeter HaddadWilliam Allan HailesEric Fairweather HarrisonNeville Gordon HattonHealth Services Wing RAAFWilliam Alexander HendersonJohn HillFrederick Brock HintonOswald Vick HoadAustin Claude Selwyn HollandInterim Infantry Mobility VehicleMaurice Barber Bevan KeatingDouglas Oswald Luke KittoErrol KnoxIan LillieJohn Edward LloydWilliam James Macavoy LockeThomas Steane LouchLeonard Cuthbert LucasDaniel Aston LuxtonJohn Walter MainGordon Edward ManchesterJames Eric Gifford MartinAthelsan Markham MartynJohn MaxwellPatrick Sanfield McGrathEric George Henderson McKenzieKenneth Alan McKenzieDouglas Murray McWhaeCharles George N. MilesArthur James MillsRaymond Frederic MonaghanGerald Vincent MoriartyEdward Michael NeylanReginald Havill NormanFrancis Roger NorthHarry Scott NurseDavid O'BrienJohn William Alexander O'BrienDouglas PaineWilliam Edward Hill PascoeMichael PhelpsOwen Forbes PhillipsClaude Esdaile PriorRalph Carlyle Geoffrey PriskBeauchamp Worters PulverJohn Herbert RasmussenJohn Dalylell RichardsonJohn David RogersHenry Gordon RourkeJohn Robinson RoystonRaymond Ladais SandoverHarry Blamyre SewellColin McOlvin SharpEdward Lonergan SheehanJames Thomas SimpsonFritz Peter Max SollingVictor Paul Hildebrand StantkeWilliam Howard St. ClairJohn Rowlstone StevensonRobert Mackay StodartRoy Buchanan SutherlandHarold Bourue TaylorPercy Chamberlin ThompsonRoy Meldrum ThompsonRaymond Walter TovellWalter James UrquhartDonald Norwood VeronEric Lacy VowlesRoy William Whiston WalshAugustine William WardellThomas Edgar WeaversDavid WelchFrank Elwyn WellsAllan Respen WendtJohn Laurence WhithamErnst Morgan WilliamsKenneth WilliamsThomas Rhys WilliamsKenneth Agnew WillsRobert Emmet WinningSurvey and Acoustic Research Vessel2nd Infantry Brigade (New Zealand)Australia and the Empire Air Training SchemeConsolidated PBY Catalina in Royal Australian Air Force Service
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