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The Nevado del Ruiz is a volcano located on the border of the departments of Caldas and Tolima in Colombia, about 129 kilometers (80 mi) west of the capital city Bogotá. It is a stratovolcano, composed of many layers of lava alternating with hardened volcanic ash and other pyroclastic rocks. Nevado del Ruiz has been active for about two million years, since the early Pleistocene or late Pliocene epoch, with three major eruptive periods. The current volcanic cone formed during the present eruptive period, which began 150,000 years ago. The volcano is part of Los Nevados National Natural Park, which also contains several other volcanoes. The summit of Nevado del Ruiz is covered by large glaciers, although these have retreated significantly since 1985 because of atmospheric warming.
The Nevado del Ruiz usually generates Plinian eruptions, which produce swift-moving currents of hot gas and rock called pyroclastic flows. These eruptions often cause massive lahars (mud and debris flows), which pose a threat to human life and the environment. On November 13, 1985, a small eruption produced an enormous lahar that buried and destroyed the town of Armero in Tolima, causing an estimated 23,000 deaths. This event later became known as the Armero tragedy—the deadliest lahar in recorded history. Similar but less deadly incidents occurred in 1595 and 1845, consisting of a small explosive eruption followed by a large lahar. The volcano continues to pose a threat to the nearby towns and villages, and it is estimated that up to 500,000 people could be at risk from lahars from future eruptions.
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Current news
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April 2015 A catastrophic earthquake on April 25 centered west of Kathmandu triggered numerous avalanches on Mount Everest, resulting in the deaths of at least 22 people.
October 2014 A severe snowstorm on October 14 dumped 1.8 metres (5.9 ft) of snow within 12 hours in the areas surrounding Annapurna and Dhaulagiri resulting in the deaths of at least 43 people, including 21 trekkers.
April 2014 Sixteen Nepalese climbers were killed by an avalanche in the Khumbu Icefall on Mount Everest. The climbers were preparing the route through the dangerous icefall for the Spring climbing season. Three others were injured and seven remain missing.(Source)
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