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The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by admitting air (wind) through a series of different sized pipes. This process is controlled through the use of keyboards. One of the oldest musical instruments—its origins can be traced back to the Greeks—the organ is capable of sustaining sound for as long as the key is depressed, in contrast to other keyboard instruments, such as the piano and harpsichord. Pipe organs range in size from portable instruments with only a few dozen pipes to very large organs with tens of thousands of pipes, causing Mozart to describe it as the king of instruments. (more...) Template:/box-footer Eight-foot pitch is a term common to the organ and the harpsichord. An organ pipe, or a harpsichord string, designated as eight-foot pitch is sounded at standard, ordinary pitch. For example, the A above middle C in eight-foot pitch would be sounded at 440 Hz. (or at some similar value, depending on how concert pitch was set at the time and place the organ or harpsichord was made). Eight-foot pitch may be contrasted with four-foot pitch (one octave above the standard), two-foot pitch (two octaves above the standard), and sixteen foot pitch (one octave below the standard). The origin of all these terms is based on the fact that, all else being equal, a pipe or string that is half the length of another will vibrate at a pitch one octave higher. The length "eight feet" is based on the length of an organ pipe sounding the pitch two octaves below middle C. This Spanish trumpet reed stop is of a class mounted en chamade. These stops are mounted horizontally rather than vertically in the front of the organ case, projecting out into the church. As a result they will sound louder than other stops operating on the same wind pressure. ... that the recently restored organ of St Botolph's Aldgate has been described as the oldest church organ in the United Kingdom. Although there are older pipes and cases, this is the oldest collection of pipes in their original positions on their original wind chests. ...that it took a musicologist 12 years to reconstruct the missing portions of the only copy of English Renaissance composer and organist Martin Peerson's Latin motets so it could be published and recorded? (DYK, April 13, 2007) ...that the Kotzschmar Memorial Organ was the second-largest pipe organ in the United States when it was built in 1911, and that it is one of only two "municipal organs" remaining in the U.S. today? Template:/box-header Wanamaker Organ, Philadelphia · Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City · United States, Military Academy, Cadet Chapel, Organ, West Point · Royal Albert Hall · Las Piñas Bamboo organ · Sydney Opera House · Spreckels Organ · Hollywood High school · (more...) Template:/box-footer César Franck (December 10, 1822 – November 8, 1890)—a composer, organist and music teacher of Belgian origin who lived in France—was one of the great figures in classical music in the second half of the 19th century. In 1858, he became organist at the recently-consecrated basilica of Sainte Clotilde. His first set of organ compositions, however, was not published until 1868, when he was 46 years old, though it contains one of his finest organ pieces, the Grande Pièce Symphonique. From 1872 to his death he was Professor of Organ at the Paris Conservatoire where his pupils included Vincent d'Indy, Ernest Chausson, Louis Vierne, and Henri Duparc. As an organist he was particularly noted for his skill in improvisation, and it is on the basis of only twelve major organ works that Franck is by many considered the greatest organ composer after J.S. Bach. His works were some of the finest organ pieces to come from France in over a century, and laid the groundwork for the French symphonic organ style. The 25-minute "Grande Pièce Symphonique" paved the way for the organ symphonies of Widor, Louis Vierne, and Marcel Dupré. Portal:Music Malcolm Archer will leave St Paul's Cathedral to be responsible for the music in Winchester College. David Hill—organist and Director of Music at St. John's College, Cambridge—will become President of the Incorporated Association of Organists (IAO) and Chief Conductor of the BBC Singers in July 2007. ▼ Pipe organ ► Individual pipe organs ► Pipe organ builders ► Compositions for organ ► Organ stops ► Pipe organ components ► Pipe organ organisations ► Organists no subcategories Also: ▼ Organs (music) ► Electronic organs ► Organ builders ► Organists ► Pipe organ Oh! there is an organ playing in the street - a waltz too! I must leave off to listen. (Lord Byron) Types of organ: Barrel organ · Calliope · Extension organ · Fairground organ · Mechanical organ · Orchestrion · Pipe organ · Symphonic organ · Theatre organ · Water organ · Components: Console · Couplers · Expression pedal · Manuals · Pedalboard · Pipes · Wind system · Organ stops:  Bourdon · Celeste · Diapason · En chamade · String stop · Gedackt · Vox Humana · Zimbelstern · (more...) · Organ builders: Aeolian-Skinner · Casavant Frères · Cavaillé–Coll · Peter Collins · Harrison & Harrison · Klais · Fratelli Ruffatti · Gottfried Silbermann · 'Father' Willis · (more...) Organists: Johann Sebastian Bach · Edward Bairstow · Claus Bantzer · Adrian Batten · Jennifer Bate · E. Power Biggs · John Birch · Léon Boëllmann · Georg Böhm · David Briggs · Ernest Bullock · Dieterich Buxtehude · Stephen Cleobury · Pierre Cochereau · E. T. Cook · Carlo Curley · Marcel Dupré · Stephen Farr · Virgil Fox · César Franck · Jean Guillou · Naji Hakim · Herbert Howells · Peter Hurford · Francis Jackson · Piet Kee · Jean Langlais · Olivier Latry · Simon Lindley · Richard Marlow · T. Tertius Noble · Nigel Ogden · Walter Parratt · Simon Preston · Noel Rawsthorne · Barry Rose · David Sanger · Albert Schweitzer · John Scott · John Scott–Whiteley · Frederick Swan · Louis Thiry · Thomas Trotter · Gillian Weir · David Willcocks · Willian Lloyd Webber · Composers: Jehan Alain · Johann Sebastian Bach · Léon Boëllmann · Johannes Brahms · Dieterich Buxtehude · François Couperin · Marcel Dupré · Maurice Duruflé · César Franck · Eugène Gigout · Herbert Howells · Jean Langlais · Franz Liszt · Felix Mendelssohn · Olivier Messiaen · Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart · Johann Pachelbel · Max Reger · Camille Saint-Saëns · Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck · Louis Vierne · William Lloyd Webber · Charles–Marie Widor · Template:/box-header {{Wikipedia:WikiProject PipeOrgan/ToDoabbrev}} Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Main project: WP:PipeOrgan Related projects: WP:Musical instruments WP:Musicians WP:Composers WP:Classical music 90x90px Rock music Christian music Classical music Country Music 90x90px Electronic music Guitar Heavy metal Hip hop Jazz R&B and Soul Music Rock and Roll Music parent project The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject:

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